Tracking the Origin and Evolution of Diagenetic Fluids of Upper Jurassic Carbonate Rocks in the Zagros Thrust Fold Belt, NE-Iraq

Utilizing sophisticated tools in carbonate rocks is crucial to interpretating the origin and evolution of diagenetic fluids from the Upper Jurassic carbonate rocks along the Zagros thrust-fold Belt. The origin and evolution of the paleofluids utilizing in-situ strontium isotope ratios by high resolu...

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Autores principales:	Namam Salih, Alain Préat, Axel Gerdes, Kurt Konhauser, Jean-Noël Proust
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	origin of diagenetic fluids strontium isotope-laser ablation ICP-MS upper jurassic carbonate rocks ZTFB NE-Iraq Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7ef253d645ae46019cb38ad9702d2519
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7ef253d645ae46019cb38ad9702d25192021-11-25T19:16:23ZTracking the Origin and Evolution of Diagenetic Fluids of Upper Jurassic Carbonate Rocks in the Zagros Thrust Fold Belt, NE-Iraq10.3390/w132232842073-4441https://doaj.org/article/7ef253d645ae46019cb38ad9702d25192021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/22/3284https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4441Utilizing sophisticated tools in carbonate rocks is crucial to interpretating the origin and evolution of diagenetic fluids from the Upper Jurassic carbonate rocks along the Zagros thrust-fold Belt. The origin and evolution of the paleofluids utilizing in-situ strontium isotope ratios by high resolution laser ablation ICP-MS, integrated with stable isotopes, petrography and fieldwork are constrained. Due to the lack of information on the origin of the chemistry of the fluids, the cements that filled the Jurassic carbonate rocks were analysed from the fractures and pores. This allowed us to trace the origin of fluids along a diagenetic sequence, which is defined at the beginning from the sediment deposition (pristine facies). Based on petrography and geochemistry (oxygen-, carbon- and strontium-isotope compositions) two major diagenetic stages involving the fluids were identified. The initial stage, characterized by negative δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>VPDB</sub> values (reaching −10.67‰), involved evaporated seawater deposited with the sediments, mixed with the input of freshwater. The second stage involved a mixture of meteoric water and hot fluids that precipitated as late diagenetic cements. The late diagenetic cements have higher depleted O–C isotope compositions compared to seawater. The diagenetic cements display a positive covariance and were associated with extra- δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>VPDB</sub> and δ<sup>18</sup>O<sub>VPDB</sub> values (−12.87‰ to −0.82‰ for δ<sup>18</sup>O<sub>VPDB</sub> and −11.66‰ to −1.40‰ for δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>VPDB</sub> respectively). The distinction between seawater and the secondary fluids is also evident in the <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr of the host limestone versus cements. The limestones have <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr up to 0.72859, indicative of riverine input, while the cements have <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr of (0.70772), indicative of hot fluid circulation interacting with meteoric water during late diagenesis.Namam SalihAlain PréatAxel GerdesKurt KonhauserJean-Noël ProustMDPI AGarticleorigin of diagenetic fluidsstrontium isotope-laser ablation ICP-MSupper jurassic carbonate rocksZTFBNE-IraqHydraulic engineeringTC1-978Water supply for domestic and industrial purposesTD201-500ENWater, Vol 13, Iss 3284, p 3284 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	origin of diagenetic fluids strontium isotope-laser ablation ICP-MS upper jurassic carbonate rocks ZTFB NE-Iraq Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
spellingShingle	origin of diagenetic fluids strontium isotope-laser ablation ICP-MS upper jurassic carbonate rocks ZTFB NE-Iraq Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 Namam Salih Alain Préat Axel Gerdes Kurt Konhauser Jean-Noël Proust Tracking the Origin and Evolution of Diagenetic Fluids of Upper Jurassic Carbonate Rocks in the Zagros Thrust Fold Belt, NE-Iraq
description	Utilizing sophisticated tools in carbonate rocks is crucial to interpretating the origin and evolution of diagenetic fluids from the Upper Jurassic carbonate rocks along the Zagros thrust-fold Belt. The origin and evolution of the paleofluids utilizing in-situ strontium isotope ratios by high resolution laser ablation ICP-MS, integrated with stable isotopes, petrography and fieldwork are constrained. Due to the lack of information on the origin of the chemistry of the fluids, the cements that filled the Jurassic carbonate rocks were analysed from the fractures and pores. This allowed us to trace the origin of fluids along a diagenetic sequence, which is defined at the beginning from the sediment deposition (pristine facies). Based on petrography and geochemistry (oxygen-, carbon- and strontium-isotope compositions) two major diagenetic stages involving the fluids were identified. The initial stage, characterized by negative δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>VPDB</sub> values (reaching −10.67‰), involved evaporated seawater deposited with the sediments, mixed with the input of freshwater. The second stage involved a mixture of meteoric water and hot fluids that precipitated as late diagenetic cements. The late diagenetic cements have higher depleted O–C isotope compositions compared to seawater. The diagenetic cements display a positive covariance and were associated with extra- δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>VPDB</sub> and δ<sup>18</sup>O<sub>VPDB</sub> values (−12.87‰ to −0.82‰ for δ<sup>18</sup>O<sub>VPDB</sub> and −11.66‰ to −1.40‰ for δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>VPDB</sub> respectively). The distinction between seawater and the secondary fluids is also evident in the <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr of the host limestone versus cements. The limestones have <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr up to 0.72859, indicative of riverine input, while the cements have <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr of (0.70772), indicative of hot fluid circulation interacting with meteoric water during late diagenesis.
format	article
author	Namam Salih Alain Préat Axel Gerdes Kurt Konhauser Jean-Noël Proust
author_facet	Namam Salih Alain Préat Axel Gerdes Kurt Konhauser Jean-Noël Proust
author_sort	Namam Salih
title	Tracking the Origin and Evolution of Diagenetic Fluids of Upper Jurassic Carbonate Rocks in the Zagros Thrust Fold Belt, NE-Iraq
title_short	Tracking the Origin and Evolution of Diagenetic Fluids of Upper Jurassic Carbonate Rocks in the Zagros Thrust Fold Belt, NE-Iraq
title_full	Tracking the Origin and Evolution of Diagenetic Fluids of Upper Jurassic Carbonate Rocks in the Zagros Thrust Fold Belt, NE-Iraq
title_fullStr	Tracking the Origin and Evolution of Diagenetic Fluids of Upper Jurassic Carbonate Rocks in the Zagros Thrust Fold Belt, NE-Iraq
title_full_unstemmed	Tracking the Origin and Evolution of Diagenetic Fluids of Upper Jurassic Carbonate Rocks in the Zagros Thrust Fold Belt, NE-Iraq
title_sort	tracking the origin and evolution of diagenetic fluids of upper jurassic carbonate rocks in the zagros thrust fold belt, ne-iraq
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7ef253d645ae46019cb38ad9702d2519
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Tracking the Origin and Evolution of Diagenetic Fluids of Upper Jurassic Carbonate Rocks in the Zagros Thrust Fold Belt, NE-Iraq

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