A refined proposal for the origin of dogs: the case study of Gnirshöhle, a Magdalenian cave site
Abstract Dogs are known to be the oldest animals domesticated by humans. Although many studies have examined wolf domestication, the geographic and temporal origin of this process is still being debated. To address this issue, our study sheds new light on the early stages of wolf domestication durin...
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2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:7ef49111d68b42fa9ecd297190640dfe2021-12-02T13:19:29ZA refined proposal for the origin of dogs: the case study of Gnirshöhle, a Magdalenian cave site10.1038/s41598-021-83719-72045-2322https://doaj.org/article/7ef49111d68b42fa9ecd297190640dfe2021-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83719-7https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Dogs are known to be the oldest animals domesticated by humans. Although many studies have examined wolf domestication, the geographic and temporal origin of this process is still being debated. To address this issue, our study sheds new light on the early stages of wolf domestication during the Magdalenian period (16–14 ka cal BP) in the Hegau Jura region (Southwestern Germany and Switzerland). By combining morphology, genetics, and isotopes, our multidisciplinary approach helps to evaluate alternate processes driving the early phases of domestication. The isotope analysis uncovered a restricted, low δ 15N protein diet for all analyzed Gnirshöhle specimens, while morphological examinations and phylogenetic relationships did not unequivocally assign them to one or the other canid lineage. Intriguingly, the newly generated mitochondrial canid genomes span the entire genetic diversity of modern dogs and wolves. Such high mitochondrial diversity could imply that Magdalenian people tamed and reared animals originating from different wolf lineages. We discuss our results in light of three ecological hypotheses and conclude that both domestication and the existence of a specialized wolf ecomorph are highly probable. However, due to their proximity to humans and a restricted diet, we propose domestication as the most likely scenario explaining the patterns observed herein.Chris BaumannSaskia PfrengleSusanne C. MünzelMartyna MolakTatiana R. FeuerbornAbagail BreidensteinElla ReiterGerd AlbrechtClaus-Joachim KindChristian VerjuxCharlotte LeducNicholas J. ConardDorothée G. DruckerLiane GiemschOlaf ThalmannHervé BocherensVerena J. SchuenemannNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2021) |
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Medicine R Science Q Chris Baumann Saskia Pfrengle Susanne C. Münzel Martyna Molak Tatiana R. Feuerborn Abagail Breidenstein Ella Reiter Gerd Albrecht Claus-Joachim Kind Christian Verjux Charlotte Leduc Nicholas J. Conard Dorothée G. Drucker Liane Giemsch Olaf Thalmann Hervé Bocherens Verena J. Schuenemann A refined proposal for the origin of dogs: the case study of Gnirshöhle, a Magdalenian cave site |
| description |
Abstract Dogs are known to be the oldest animals domesticated by humans. Although many studies have examined wolf domestication, the geographic and temporal origin of this process is still being debated. To address this issue, our study sheds new light on the early stages of wolf domestication during the Magdalenian period (16–14 ka cal BP) in the Hegau Jura region (Southwestern Germany and Switzerland). By combining morphology, genetics, and isotopes, our multidisciplinary approach helps to evaluate alternate processes driving the early phases of domestication. The isotope analysis uncovered a restricted, low δ 15N protein diet for all analyzed Gnirshöhle specimens, while morphological examinations and phylogenetic relationships did not unequivocally assign them to one or the other canid lineage. Intriguingly, the newly generated mitochondrial canid genomes span the entire genetic diversity of modern dogs and wolves. Such high mitochondrial diversity could imply that Magdalenian people tamed and reared animals originating from different wolf lineages. We discuss our results in light of three ecological hypotheses and conclude that both domestication and the existence of a specialized wolf ecomorph are highly probable. However, due to their proximity to humans and a restricted diet, we propose domestication as the most likely scenario explaining the patterns observed herein. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Chris Baumann Saskia Pfrengle Susanne C. Münzel Martyna Molak Tatiana R. Feuerborn Abagail Breidenstein Ella Reiter Gerd Albrecht Claus-Joachim Kind Christian Verjux Charlotte Leduc Nicholas J. Conard Dorothée G. Drucker Liane Giemsch Olaf Thalmann Hervé Bocherens Verena J. Schuenemann |
| author_facet |
Chris Baumann Saskia Pfrengle Susanne C. Münzel Martyna Molak Tatiana R. Feuerborn Abagail Breidenstein Ella Reiter Gerd Albrecht Claus-Joachim Kind Christian Verjux Charlotte Leduc Nicholas J. Conard Dorothée G. Drucker Liane Giemsch Olaf Thalmann Hervé Bocherens Verena J. Schuenemann |
| author_sort |
Chris Baumann |
| title |
A refined proposal for the origin of dogs: the case study of Gnirshöhle, a Magdalenian cave site |
| title_short |
A refined proposal for the origin of dogs: the case study of Gnirshöhle, a Magdalenian cave site |
| title_full |
A refined proposal for the origin of dogs: the case study of Gnirshöhle, a Magdalenian cave site |
| title_fullStr |
A refined proposal for the origin of dogs: the case study of Gnirshöhle, a Magdalenian cave site |
| title_full_unstemmed |
A refined proposal for the origin of dogs: the case study of Gnirshöhle, a Magdalenian cave site |
| title_sort |
refined proposal for the origin of dogs: the case study of gnirshöhle, a magdalenian cave site |
| publisher |
Nature Portfolio |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/7ef49111d68b42fa9ecd297190640dfe |
| work_keys_str_mv |
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