Unusual features and localization of the membrane kinome of Trypanosoma brucei.

In many eukaryotes, multiple protein kinases are situated in the plasma membrane where they respond to extracellular ligands. Ligand binding elicits a signal that is transmitted across the membrane, leading to activation of the cytosolic kinase domain. Humans have over 100 receptor protein kinases....

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Autores principales:	Bryan C Jensen, Pashmi Vaney, John Flaspohler, Isabelle Coppens, Marilyn Parsons
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7efbcf359f92496dbe1a2a31c390968d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7efbcf359f92496dbe1a2a31c390968d2021-12-02T20:16:51ZUnusual features and localization of the membrane kinome of Trypanosoma brucei.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0258814https://doaj.org/article/7efbcf359f92496dbe1a2a31c390968d2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258814https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203In many eukaryotes, multiple protein kinases are situated in the plasma membrane where they respond to extracellular ligands. Ligand binding elicits a signal that is transmitted across the membrane, leading to activation of the cytosolic kinase domain. Humans have over 100 receptor protein kinases. In contrast, our search of the Trypanosoma brucei kinome showed that there were only ten protein kinases with predicted transmembrane domains, and unlike other eukaryotic transmembrane kinases, seven are predicted to bear multiple transmembrane domains. Most of the ten kinases, including their transmembrane domains, are conserved in both Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania species. Several possess accessory domains, such as Kelch, nucleotide cyclase, and forkhead-associated domains. Surprisingly, two contain multiple regions with predicted structural similarity to domains in bacterial signaling proteins. A few of the protein kinases have previously been localized to subcellular structures such as endosomes or lipid bodies. We examined the localization of epitope-tagged versions of seven of the predicted transmembrane kinases in T. brucei bloodstream forms and show that five localized to the endoplasmic reticulum. The last two kinases are enzymatically active, integral membrane proteins associated with the flagellum, flagellar pocket, or adjacent structures as shown by both fluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy. Thus, these kinases are positioned in structures suggesting participation in signal transduction from the external environment.Bryan C JensenPashmi VaneyJohn FlaspohlerIsabelle CoppensMarilyn ParsonsPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 10, p e0258814 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Bryan C Jensen Pashmi Vaney John Flaspohler Isabelle Coppens Marilyn Parsons Unusual features and localization of the membrane kinome of Trypanosoma brucei.
description	In many eukaryotes, multiple protein kinases are situated in the plasma membrane where they respond to extracellular ligands. Ligand binding elicits a signal that is transmitted across the membrane, leading to activation of the cytosolic kinase domain. Humans have over 100 receptor protein kinases. In contrast, our search of the Trypanosoma brucei kinome showed that there were only ten protein kinases with predicted transmembrane domains, and unlike other eukaryotic transmembrane kinases, seven are predicted to bear multiple transmembrane domains. Most of the ten kinases, including their transmembrane domains, are conserved in both Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania species. Several possess accessory domains, such as Kelch, nucleotide cyclase, and forkhead-associated domains. Surprisingly, two contain multiple regions with predicted structural similarity to domains in bacterial signaling proteins. A few of the protein kinases have previously been localized to subcellular structures such as endosomes or lipid bodies. We examined the localization of epitope-tagged versions of seven of the predicted transmembrane kinases in T. brucei bloodstream forms and show that five localized to the endoplasmic reticulum. The last two kinases are enzymatically active, integral membrane proteins associated with the flagellum, flagellar pocket, or adjacent structures as shown by both fluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy. Thus, these kinases are positioned in structures suggesting participation in signal transduction from the external environment.
format	article
author	Bryan C Jensen Pashmi Vaney John Flaspohler Isabelle Coppens Marilyn Parsons
author_facet	Bryan C Jensen Pashmi Vaney John Flaspohler Isabelle Coppens Marilyn Parsons
author_sort	Bryan C Jensen
title	Unusual features and localization of the membrane kinome of Trypanosoma brucei.
title_short	Unusual features and localization of the membrane kinome of Trypanosoma brucei.
title_full	Unusual features and localization of the membrane kinome of Trypanosoma brucei.
title_fullStr	Unusual features and localization of the membrane kinome of Trypanosoma brucei.
title_full_unstemmed	Unusual features and localization of the membrane kinome of Trypanosoma brucei.
title_sort	unusual features and localization of the membrane kinome of trypanosoma brucei.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7efbcf359f92496dbe1a2a31c390968d
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Unusual features and localization of the membrane kinome of Trypanosoma brucei.

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