Evaluating Biosedimentation for Strength Improvement in Acidic Soil

Marine clay soils are problematic soils in the construction industry when they are subjected to construction loads. When these soils are loaded, they lose their structure. This leads to the soil being unable to withstand loads of any magnitude without exhibiting significant, permanent deformations....

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Autores principales:	Ahmed Hassan Saad, Haslinda Nahazanan, Zainuddin Bin Md Yusoff, Muskhazli Mustafa, Mohamed Hamdy Elseknidy, Angham Ali Mohammed
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	biomineralization <i>Bacillus pasteurii</i> marine clay MICP soil improvement acidic soil Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7f7032ca696d4c29bf614b537ea0fd90
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7f7032ca696d4c29bf614b537ea0fd902021-11-25T16:38:40ZEvaluating Biosedimentation for Strength Improvement in Acidic Soil10.3390/app1122108172076-3417https://doaj.org/article/7f7032ca696d4c29bf614b537ea0fd902021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/22/10817https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3417Marine clay soils are problematic soils in the construction industry when they are subjected to construction loads. When these soils are loaded, they lose their structure. This leads to the soil being unable to withstand loads of any magnitude without exhibiting significant, permanent deformations. In order to stabilize the marine soil, new methods for soil improvement were built upon biogrouting by incorporating physical, biological and chemical treatments into the soil. However, the biggest challenge of this method is the bacteria migration through the soil medium. To overcome this issue, the electrokinetic phenomenon can be utilized alongside biogrouting to prevent the bacteria migration. In this regard, the present study applied electrobiogrouting stabilization to investigate the improvement of acidic marine clay soil with a pH of 3.69. To accomplish this, two large-scale physical models with dimensions of 500 × 300 × 1200 mm were fabricated to examine the influence of two different treated distances between the inlet and outlet—450 mm (D45) and 600 mm (D60)—on the stability of the treated soil. It was observed that the shear strength of the treated soil improved significantly. The shear strength at the D45 treated distance increased from 3.65 kPa (untreated soil) to 28.14 kPa (treated soil). However, the strength increased by increasing the treated distance. In addition, compressibility and soil electrical conductivity were reduced significantly, and the Atterberg limits were significantly enhanced from OH to OL. The reasons for the enhancement of treated soil were the formation of CaCO<sub>3</sub>, which filled the soil voids, and that the water content was reduced. To address issues with marine clay soil, this study aims to minimize the high cost of a special foundation system and the use of non-environmentally friendly materials such as calcium-based binders, aside from the reduction of deformations caused by loading. The findings of this study can be used for acidic soils and the improvement of soil’s geotechnical behavior in general.Ahmed Hassan SaadHaslinda NahazananZainuddin Bin Md YusoffMuskhazli MustafaMohamed Hamdy ElseknidyAngham Ali MohammedMDPI AGarticlebiomineralization<i>Bacillus pasteurii</i>marine clayMICPsoil improvementacidic soilTechnologyTEngineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040Biology (General)QH301-705.5PhysicsQC1-999ChemistryQD1-999ENApplied Sciences, Vol 11, Iss 10817, p 10817 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	biomineralization <i>Bacillus pasteurii</i> marine clay MICP soil improvement acidic soil Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	biomineralization <i>Bacillus pasteurii</i> marine clay MICP soil improvement acidic soil Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 Ahmed Hassan Saad Haslinda Nahazanan Zainuddin Bin Md Yusoff Muskhazli Mustafa Mohamed Hamdy Elseknidy Angham Ali Mohammed Evaluating Biosedimentation for Strength Improvement in Acidic Soil
description	Marine clay soils are problematic soils in the construction industry when they are subjected to construction loads. When these soils are loaded, they lose their structure. This leads to the soil being unable to withstand loads of any magnitude without exhibiting significant, permanent deformations. In order to stabilize the marine soil, new methods for soil improvement were built upon biogrouting by incorporating physical, biological and chemical treatments into the soil. However, the biggest challenge of this method is the bacteria migration through the soil medium. To overcome this issue, the electrokinetic phenomenon can be utilized alongside biogrouting to prevent the bacteria migration. In this regard, the present study applied electrobiogrouting stabilization to investigate the improvement of acidic marine clay soil with a pH of 3.69. To accomplish this, two large-scale physical models with dimensions of 500 × 300 × 1200 mm were fabricated to examine the influence of two different treated distances between the inlet and outlet—450 mm (D45) and 600 mm (D60)—on the stability of the treated soil. It was observed that the shear strength of the treated soil improved significantly. The shear strength at the D45 treated distance increased from 3.65 kPa (untreated soil) to 28.14 kPa (treated soil). However, the strength increased by increasing the treated distance. In addition, compressibility and soil electrical conductivity were reduced significantly, and the Atterberg limits were significantly enhanced from OH to OL. The reasons for the enhancement of treated soil were the formation of CaCO<sub>3</sub>, which filled the soil voids, and that the water content was reduced. To address issues with marine clay soil, this study aims to minimize the high cost of a special foundation system and the use of non-environmentally friendly materials such as calcium-based binders, aside from the reduction of deformations caused by loading. The findings of this study can be used for acidic soils and the improvement of soil’s geotechnical behavior in general.
format	article
author	Ahmed Hassan Saad Haslinda Nahazanan Zainuddin Bin Md Yusoff Muskhazli Mustafa Mohamed Hamdy Elseknidy Angham Ali Mohammed
author_facet	Ahmed Hassan Saad Haslinda Nahazanan Zainuddin Bin Md Yusoff Muskhazli Mustafa Mohamed Hamdy Elseknidy Angham Ali Mohammed
author_sort	Ahmed Hassan Saad
title	Evaluating Biosedimentation for Strength Improvement in Acidic Soil
title_short	Evaluating Biosedimentation for Strength Improvement in Acidic Soil
title_full	Evaluating Biosedimentation for Strength Improvement in Acidic Soil
title_fullStr	Evaluating Biosedimentation for Strength Improvement in Acidic Soil
title_full_unstemmed	Evaluating Biosedimentation for Strength Improvement in Acidic Soil
title_sort	evaluating biosedimentation for strength improvement in acidic soil
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7f7032ca696d4c29bf614b537ea0fd90
work_keys_str_mv	AT ahmedhassansaad evaluatingbiosedimentationforstrengthimprovementinacidicsoil AT haslindanahazanan evaluatingbiosedimentationforstrengthimprovementinacidicsoil AT zainuddinbinmdyusoff evaluatingbiosedimentationforstrengthimprovementinacidicsoil AT muskhazlimustafa evaluatingbiosedimentationforstrengthimprovementinacidicsoil AT mohamedhamdyelseknidy evaluatingbiosedimentationforstrengthimprovementinacidicsoil AT anghamalimohammed evaluatingbiosedimentationforstrengthimprovementinacidicsoil
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Evaluating Biosedimentation for Strength Improvement in Acidic Soil

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