Modelling the ability of mass drug administration to interrupt soil-transmitted helminth transmission: Community-based deworming in Kenya as a case study.

The World Health Organization has recommended the application of mass drug administration (MDA) in treating high prevalence neglected tropical diseases such as soil-transmitted helminths (STHs), schistosomiasis, lymphatic filariasis, onchocerciasis and trachoma. MDA-which is safe, effective and inex...

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Autores principales:	Nyuk Sian Chong, Stacey R Smith, Marleen Werkman, Roy M Anderson
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7faf9c9ca1d94c39adb1227ae4e3e4bc
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:7faf9c9ca1d94c39adb1227ae4e3e4bc
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7faf9c9ca1d94c39adb1227ae4e3e4bc2021-12-02T20:23:42ZModelling the ability of mass drug administration to interrupt soil-transmitted helminth transmission: Community-based deworming in Kenya as a case study.1935-27271935-273510.1371/journal.pntd.0009625https://doaj.org/article/7faf9c9ca1d94c39adb1227ae4e3e4bc2021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009625https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735The World Health Organization has recommended the application of mass drug administration (MDA) in treating high prevalence neglected tropical diseases such as soil-transmitted helminths (STHs), schistosomiasis, lymphatic filariasis, onchocerciasis and trachoma. MDA-which is safe, effective and inexpensive-has been widely applied to eliminate or interrupt the transmission of STHs in particular and has been offered to people in endemic regions without requiring individual diagnosis. We propose two mathematical models to investigate the impact of MDA on the mean number of worms in both treated and untreated human subpopulations. By varying the efficay of drugs, initial conditions of the models, coverage and frequency of MDA (both annual and biannual), we examine the dynamic behaviour of both models and the possibility of interruption of transmission. Both models predict that the interruption of transmission is possible if the drug efficacy is sufficiently high, but STH infection remains endemic if the drug efficacy is sufficiently low. In between these two critical values, the two models produce different predictions. By applying an additional round of biannual and annual MDA, we find that interruption of transmission is likely to happen in both cases with lower drug efficacy. In order to interrupt the transmission of STH or eliminate the infection efficiently and effectively, it is crucial to identify the appropriate efficacy of drug, coverage, frequency, timing and number of rounds of MDA.Nyuk Sian ChongStacey R SmithMarleen WerkmanRoy M AndersonPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleArctic medicine. Tropical medicineRC955-962Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENPLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 15, Iss 8, p e0009625 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Nyuk Sian Chong Stacey R Smith Marleen Werkman Roy M Anderson Modelling the ability of mass drug administration to interrupt soil-transmitted helminth transmission: Community-based deworming in Kenya as a case study.
description	The World Health Organization has recommended the application of mass drug administration (MDA) in treating high prevalence neglected tropical diseases such as soil-transmitted helminths (STHs), schistosomiasis, lymphatic filariasis, onchocerciasis and trachoma. MDA-which is safe, effective and inexpensive-has been widely applied to eliminate or interrupt the transmission of STHs in particular and has been offered to people in endemic regions without requiring individual diagnosis. We propose two mathematical models to investigate the impact of MDA on the mean number of worms in both treated and untreated human subpopulations. By varying the efficay of drugs, initial conditions of the models, coverage and frequency of MDA (both annual and biannual), we examine the dynamic behaviour of both models and the possibility of interruption of transmission. Both models predict that the interruption of transmission is possible if the drug efficacy is sufficiently high, but STH infection remains endemic if the drug efficacy is sufficiently low. In between these two critical values, the two models produce different predictions. By applying an additional round of biannual and annual MDA, we find that interruption of transmission is likely to happen in both cases with lower drug efficacy. In order to interrupt the transmission of STH or eliminate the infection efficiently and effectively, it is crucial to identify the appropriate efficacy of drug, coverage, frequency, timing and number of rounds of MDA.
format	article
author	Nyuk Sian Chong Stacey R Smith Marleen Werkman Roy M Anderson
author_facet	Nyuk Sian Chong Stacey R Smith Marleen Werkman Roy M Anderson
author_sort	Nyuk Sian Chong
title	Modelling the ability of mass drug administration to interrupt soil-transmitted helminth transmission: Community-based deworming in Kenya as a case study.
title_short	Modelling the ability of mass drug administration to interrupt soil-transmitted helminth transmission: Community-based deworming in Kenya as a case study.
title_full	Modelling the ability of mass drug administration to interrupt soil-transmitted helminth transmission: Community-based deworming in Kenya as a case study.
title_fullStr	Modelling the ability of mass drug administration to interrupt soil-transmitted helminth transmission: Community-based deworming in Kenya as a case study.
title_full_unstemmed	Modelling the ability of mass drug administration to interrupt soil-transmitted helminth transmission: Community-based deworming in Kenya as a case study.
title_sort	modelling the ability of mass drug administration to interrupt soil-transmitted helminth transmission: community-based deworming in kenya as a case study.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7faf9c9ca1d94c39adb1227ae4e3e4bc
work_keys_str_mv	AT nyuksianchong modellingtheabilityofmassdrugadministrationtointerruptsoiltransmittedhelminthtransmissioncommunitybaseddeworminginkenyaasacasestudy AT staceyrsmith modellingtheabilityofmassdrugadministrationtointerruptsoiltransmittedhelminthtransmissioncommunitybaseddeworminginkenyaasacasestudy AT marleenwerkman modellingtheabilityofmassdrugadministrationtointerruptsoiltransmittedhelminthtransmissioncommunitybaseddeworminginkenyaasacasestudy AT roymanderson modellingtheabilityofmassdrugadministrationtointerruptsoiltransmittedhelminthtransmissioncommunitybaseddeworminginkenyaasacasestudy
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Modelling the ability of mass drug administration to interrupt soil-transmitted helminth transmission: Community-based deworming in Kenya as a case study.

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