The clinical spectrum and immunopathological mechanisms underlying ZIKV-induced neurological manifestations.

Since the 2015 to 2016 outbreak in America, Zika virus (ZIKV) infected almost 900,000 patients. This international public health emergency was mainly associated with a significant increase in the number of newborns with congenital microcephaly and abnormal neurologic development, known as congenital...

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Autores principales:	Igor Salerno Filgueiras, Amanda Torrentes de Carvalho, Daniela Prado Cunha, Dennyson Leandro Mathias da Fonseca, Nadia El Khawanky, Paula Paccielli Freire, Gustavo Cabral-Miranda, Lena F Schimke, Niels Olsen Saraiva Camara, Hans D Ochs, Jean Pierre Schatzmann Peron, Otávio Cabral-Marques, Zilton Farias Meira de Vasconcelos
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7fbe4d0fdbd149c3ad5b304c834310e7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7fbe4d0fdbd149c3ad5b304c834310e72021-12-02T20:23:42ZThe clinical spectrum and immunopathological mechanisms underlying ZIKV-induced neurological manifestations.1935-27271935-273510.1371/journal.pntd.0009575https://doaj.org/article/7fbe4d0fdbd149c3ad5b304c834310e72021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009575https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735Since the 2015 to 2016 outbreak in America, Zika virus (ZIKV) infected almost 900,000 patients. This international public health emergency was mainly associated with a significant increase in the number of newborns with congenital microcephaly and abnormal neurologic development, known as congenital Zika syndrome (CZS). Furthermore, Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), a neuroimmune disorder of adults, has also been associated with ZIKV infection. Currently, the number of ZIKV-infected patients has decreased, and most of the cases recently reported present as a mild and self-limiting febrile illness. However, based on its natural history of a typical example of reemerging pathogen and the lack of specific therapeutic options against ZIKV infection, new outbreaks can occur worldwide, demanding the attention of researchers and government authorities. Here, we discuss the clinical spectrum and immunopathological mechanisms underlying ZIKV-induced neurological manifestations. Several studies have confirmed the tropism of ZIKV for neural progenitor stem cells by demonstrating the presence of ZIKV in the central nervous system (CNS) during fetal development, eliciting a deleterious inflammatory response that compromises neurogenesis and brain formation. Of note, while the neuropathology of CZS can be due to a direct viral neuropathic effect, adults may develop neuroimmune manifestations such as GBS due to poorly understood mechanisms. Antiganglioside autoantibodies have been detected in multiple patients with ZIKV infection-associated GBS, suggesting a molecular mimicry. However, further additional immunopathological mechanisms remain to be uncovered, paving the way for new therapeutic strategies.Igor Salerno FilgueirasAmanda Torrentes de CarvalhoDaniela Prado CunhaDennyson Leandro Mathias da FonsecaNadia El KhawankyPaula Paccielli FreireGustavo Cabral-MirandaLena F SchimkeNiels Olsen Saraiva CamaraHans D OchsJean Pierre Schatzmann PeronOtávio Cabral-MarquesZilton Farias Meira de VasconcelosPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleArctic medicine. Tropical medicineRC955-962Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENPLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 15, Iss 8, p e0009575 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Igor Salerno Filgueiras Amanda Torrentes de Carvalho Daniela Prado Cunha Dennyson Leandro Mathias da Fonseca Nadia El Khawanky Paula Paccielli Freire Gustavo Cabral-Miranda Lena F Schimke Niels Olsen Saraiva Camara Hans D Ochs Jean Pierre Schatzmann Peron Otávio Cabral-Marques Zilton Farias Meira de Vasconcelos The clinical spectrum and immunopathological mechanisms underlying ZIKV-induced neurological manifestations.
description	Since the 2015 to 2016 outbreak in America, Zika virus (ZIKV) infected almost 900,000 patients. This international public health emergency was mainly associated with a significant increase in the number of newborns with congenital microcephaly and abnormal neurologic development, known as congenital Zika syndrome (CZS). Furthermore, Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), a neuroimmune disorder of adults, has also been associated with ZIKV infection. Currently, the number of ZIKV-infected patients has decreased, and most of the cases recently reported present as a mild and self-limiting febrile illness. However, based on its natural history of a typical example of reemerging pathogen and the lack of specific therapeutic options against ZIKV infection, new outbreaks can occur worldwide, demanding the attention of researchers and government authorities. Here, we discuss the clinical spectrum and immunopathological mechanisms underlying ZIKV-induced neurological manifestations. Several studies have confirmed the tropism of ZIKV for neural progenitor stem cells by demonstrating the presence of ZIKV in the central nervous system (CNS) during fetal development, eliciting a deleterious inflammatory response that compromises neurogenesis and brain formation. Of note, while the neuropathology of CZS can be due to a direct viral neuropathic effect, adults may develop neuroimmune manifestations such as GBS due to poorly understood mechanisms. Antiganglioside autoantibodies have been detected in multiple patients with ZIKV infection-associated GBS, suggesting a molecular mimicry. However, further additional immunopathological mechanisms remain to be uncovered, paving the way for new therapeutic strategies.
format	article
author	Igor Salerno Filgueiras Amanda Torrentes de Carvalho Daniela Prado Cunha Dennyson Leandro Mathias da Fonseca Nadia El Khawanky Paula Paccielli Freire Gustavo Cabral-Miranda Lena F Schimke Niels Olsen Saraiva Camara Hans D Ochs Jean Pierre Schatzmann Peron Otávio Cabral-Marques Zilton Farias Meira de Vasconcelos
author_facet	Igor Salerno Filgueiras Amanda Torrentes de Carvalho Daniela Prado Cunha Dennyson Leandro Mathias da Fonseca Nadia El Khawanky Paula Paccielli Freire Gustavo Cabral-Miranda Lena F Schimke Niels Olsen Saraiva Camara Hans D Ochs Jean Pierre Schatzmann Peron Otávio Cabral-Marques Zilton Farias Meira de Vasconcelos
author_sort	Igor Salerno Filgueiras
title	The clinical spectrum and immunopathological mechanisms underlying ZIKV-induced neurological manifestations.
title_short	The clinical spectrum and immunopathological mechanisms underlying ZIKV-induced neurological manifestations.
title_full	The clinical spectrum and immunopathological mechanisms underlying ZIKV-induced neurological manifestations.
title_fullStr	The clinical spectrum and immunopathological mechanisms underlying ZIKV-induced neurological manifestations.
title_full_unstemmed	The clinical spectrum and immunopathological mechanisms underlying ZIKV-induced neurological manifestations.
title_sort	clinical spectrum and immunopathological mechanisms underlying zikv-induced neurological manifestations.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7fbe4d0fdbd149c3ad5b304c834310e7
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The clinical spectrum and immunopathological mechanisms underlying ZIKV-induced neurological manifestations.

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