Unsaturated fatty acids revert diet-induced hypothalamic inflammation in obesity.

<h4>Background</h4>In experimental models, hypothalamic inflammation is an early and determining factor in the installation and progression of obesity. Pharmacological and gene-based approaches have proven efficient in restraining inflammation and correcting the obese phenotypes. However...

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Autores principales:	Dennys E Cintra, Eduardo R Ropelle, Juliana C Moraes, José R Pauli, Joseane Morari, Claudio T de Souza, Renato Grimaldi, Marcela Stahl, José B Carvalheira, Mario J Saad, Licio A Velloso
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7fcd026f9d6741c9b955af38f083f87e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7fcd026f9d6741c9b955af38f083f87e2021-11-18T07:29:53ZUnsaturated fatty acids revert diet-induced hypothalamic inflammation in obesity.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0030571https://doaj.org/article/7fcd026f9d6741c9b955af38f083f87e2012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22279596/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>In experimental models, hypothalamic inflammation is an early and determining factor in the installation and progression of obesity. Pharmacological and gene-based approaches have proven efficient in restraining inflammation and correcting the obese phenotypes. However, the role of nutrients in the modulation of hypothalamic inflammation is unknown.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Here we show that, in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity, partial substitution of the fatty acid component of the diet by flax seed oil (rich in C18:3) or olive oil (rich in C18:1) corrects hypothalamic inflammation, hypothalamic and whole body insulin resistance, and body adiposity. In addition, upon icv injection in obese rats, both ω3 and ω9 pure fatty acids reduce spontaneous food intake and body mass gain. These effects are accompanied by the reversal of functional and molecular hypothalamic resistance to leptin/insulin and increased POMC and CART expressions. In addition, both, ω3 and ω9 fatty acids inhibit the AMPK/ACC pathway and increase CPT1 and SCD1 expression in the hypothalamus. Finally, acute hypothalamic injection of ω3 and ω9 fatty acids activate signal transduction through the recently identified GPR120 unsaturated fatty acid receptor.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Unsaturated fatty acids can act either as nutrients or directly in the hypothalamus, reverting diet-induced inflammation and reducing body adiposity. These data show that, in addition to pharmacological and genetic approaches, nutrients can also be attractive candidates for controlling hypothalamic inflammation in obesity.Dennys E CintraEduardo R RopelleJuliana C MoraesJosé R PauliJoseane MorariClaudio T de SouzaRenato GrimaldiMarcela StahlJosé B CarvalheiraMario J SaadLicio A VellosoPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 1, p e30571 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Dennys E Cintra Eduardo R Ropelle Juliana C Moraes José R Pauli Joseane Morari Claudio T de Souza Renato Grimaldi Marcela Stahl José B Carvalheira Mario J Saad Licio A Velloso Unsaturated fatty acids revert diet-induced hypothalamic inflammation in obesity.
description	<h4>Background</h4>In experimental models, hypothalamic inflammation is an early and determining factor in the installation and progression of obesity. Pharmacological and gene-based approaches have proven efficient in restraining inflammation and correcting the obese phenotypes. However, the role of nutrients in the modulation of hypothalamic inflammation is unknown.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Here we show that, in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity, partial substitution of the fatty acid component of the diet by flax seed oil (rich in C18:3) or olive oil (rich in C18:1) corrects hypothalamic inflammation, hypothalamic and whole body insulin resistance, and body adiposity. In addition, upon icv injection in obese rats, both ω3 and ω9 pure fatty acids reduce spontaneous food intake and body mass gain. These effects are accompanied by the reversal of functional and molecular hypothalamic resistance to leptin/insulin and increased POMC and CART expressions. In addition, both, ω3 and ω9 fatty acids inhibit the AMPK/ACC pathway and increase CPT1 and SCD1 expression in the hypothalamus. Finally, acute hypothalamic injection of ω3 and ω9 fatty acids activate signal transduction through the recently identified GPR120 unsaturated fatty acid receptor.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Unsaturated fatty acids can act either as nutrients or directly in the hypothalamus, reverting diet-induced inflammation and reducing body adiposity. These data show that, in addition to pharmacological and genetic approaches, nutrients can also be attractive candidates for controlling hypothalamic inflammation in obesity.
format	article
author	Dennys E Cintra Eduardo R Ropelle Juliana C Moraes José R Pauli Joseane Morari Claudio T de Souza Renato Grimaldi Marcela Stahl José B Carvalheira Mario J Saad Licio A Velloso
author_facet	Dennys E Cintra Eduardo R Ropelle Juliana C Moraes José R Pauli Joseane Morari Claudio T de Souza Renato Grimaldi Marcela Stahl José B Carvalheira Mario J Saad Licio A Velloso
author_sort	Dennys E Cintra
title	Unsaturated fatty acids revert diet-induced hypothalamic inflammation in obesity.
title_short	Unsaturated fatty acids revert diet-induced hypothalamic inflammation in obesity.
title_full	Unsaturated fatty acids revert diet-induced hypothalamic inflammation in obesity.
title_fullStr	Unsaturated fatty acids revert diet-induced hypothalamic inflammation in obesity.
title_full_unstemmed	Unsaturated fatty acids revert diet-induced hypothalamic inflammation in obesity.
title_sort	unsaturated fatty acids revert diet-induced hypothalamic inflammation in obesity.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/7fcd026f9d6741c9b955af38f083f87e
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Unsaturated fatty acids revert diet-induced hypothalamic inflammation in obesity.

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