Children’s Particulate Matter Exposure Characterization as Part of the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study
As part of the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study, children 3 to 5 years of age participated in a personal PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure study. This paper characterizes the personal PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure and protocol compliance measured with a wearable sensor. The MicroPEM™ col...
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN |
| Publicado: |
MDPI AG
2021
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/801bafde4ddb4adab22baa2f4d43974b |
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| Sumario: | As part of the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study, children 3 to 5 years of age participated in a personal PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure study. This paper characterizes the personal PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure and protocol compliance measured with a wearable sensor. The MicroPEM™ collected personal continuous and integrated measures of PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure and compliance data on 272 children. PM<sub>2.5</sub>, black carbon (BC), and brown carbon tobacco smoke (BrC-ETS) exposure was measured from the filters. We performed a multivariate analysis of woodstove presence and other factors that influenced PM<sub>2.5</sub>, BC, and BrC exposures. We collected valid exposure data from 258 of the 272 participants (95%). Children wore the MicroPEM for an average of 46% of the 72-h period, and over 80% for a 2-day, 1-night period (with sleep hours counted as non-compliance for this study). Elevated PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposures occurred in the morning, evening, and overnight. Median PM<sub>2.5</sub>, BC, and BrC-ETS concentrations were 8.1 μg/m<sup>3</sup>, 3.6 μg/m<sup>3</sup>, and 2.4 μg/m<sup>3</sup>. The combined BC and BrC-ETS mass comprised 72% of the PM<sub>2.5</sub>. Woodstove presence, hours used per day, and the primary heating source were associated with the children’s PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure and air filters were associated with reduced PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations. Our findings suggest that woodstove smoke contributed significantly to this cohort’s PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure. The high sample validity and compliance rate demonstrated that the MicroPEM can be worn by young children in epidemiologic studies to measure their PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure, inform interventions to reduce the exposures, and improve children’s health. |
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