Morphology and efficiency of a specialized foraging behavior, sediment sifting, in neotropical cichlid fishes.

Understanding of relationships between morphology and ecological performance can help to reveal how natural selection drives biological diversification. We investigate relationships between feeding behavior, foraging performance and morphology within a diverse group of teleost fishes, and examine th...

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Autores principales:	Hernán López-Fernández, Jessica Arbour, Stuart Willis, Crystal Watkins, Rodney L Honeycutt, Kirk O Winemiller
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8034f6ccc14247f9b9c6124293f44712
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8034f6ccc14247f9b9c6124293f447122021-11-18T08:29:29ZMorphology and efficiency of a specialized foraging behavior, sediment sifting, in neotropical cichlid fishes.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0089832https://doaj.org/article/8034f6ccc14247f9b9c6124293f447122014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24603485/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Understanding of relationships between morphology and ecological performance can help to reveal how natural selection drives biological diversification. We investigate relationships between feeding behavior, foraging performance and morphology within a diverse group of teleost fishes, and examine the extent to which associations can be explained by evolutionary relatedness. Morphological adaptation associated with sediment sifting was examined using a phylogenetic linear discriminant analysis on a set of ecomorphological traits from 27 species of Neotropical cichlids. For most sifting taxa, feeding behavior could be effectively predicted by a linear discriminant function of ecomorphology across multiple clades of sediment sifters, and this pattern could not be explained by shared evolutionary history alone. Additionally, we tested foraging efficiency in seven Neotropical cichlid species, five of which are specialized benthic feeders with differing head morphology. Efficiency was evaluated based on the degree to which invertebrate prey could be retrieved at different depths of sediment. Feeding performance was compared both with respect to feeding mode and species using a phylogenetic ANCOVA, with substrate depth as a covariate. Benthic foraging performance was constant across sediment depths in non-sifters but declined with depth in sifters. The non-sifting Hypsophrys used sweeping motions of the body and fins to excavate large pits to uncover prey; this tactic was more efficient for consuming deeply buried invertebrates than observed among sediment sifters. Findings indicate that similar feeding performance among sediment-sifting cichlids extracting invertebrate prey from shallow sediment layers reflects constraints associated with functional morphology and, to a lesser extent, phylogeny.Hernán López-FernándezJessica ArbourStuart WillisCrystal WatkinsRodney L HoneycuttKirk O WinemillerPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 3, p e89832 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Hernán López-Fernández Jessica Arbour Stuart Willis Crystal Watkins Rodney L Honeycutt Kirk O Winemiller Morphology and efficiency of a specialized foraging behavior, sediment sifting, in neotropical cichlid fishes.
description	Understanding of relationships between morphology and ecological performance can help to reveal how natural selection drives biological diversification. We investigate relationships between feeding behavior, foraging performance and morphology within a diverse group of teleost fishes, and examine the extent to which associations can be explained by evolutionary relatedness. Morphological adaptation associated with sediment sifting was examined using a phylogenetic linear discriminant analysis on a set of ecomorphological traits from 27 species of Neotropical cichlids. For most sifting taxa, feeding behavior could be effectively predicted by a linear discriminant function of ecomorphology across multiple clades of sediment sifters, and this pattern could not be explained by shared evolutionary history alone. Additionally, we tested foraging efficiency in seven Neotropical cichlid species, five of which are specialized benthic feeders with differing head morphology. Efficiency was evaluated based on the degree to which invertebrate prey could be retrieved at different depths of sediment. Feeding performance was compared both with respect to feeding mode and species using a phylogenetic ANCOVA, with substrate depth as a covariate. Benthic foraging performance was constant across sediment depths in non-sifters but declined with depth in sifters. The non-sifting Hypsophrys used sweeping motions of the body and fins to excavate large pits to uncover prey; this tactic was more efficient for consuming deeply buried invertebrates than observed among sediment sifters. Findings indicate that similar feeding performance among sediment-sifting cichlids extracting invertebrate prey from shallow sediment layers reflects constraints associated with functional morphology and, to a lesser extent, phylogeny.
format	article
author	Hernán López-Fernández Jessica Arbour Stuart Willis Crystal Watkins Rodney L Honeycutt Kirk O Winemiller
author_facet	Hernán López-Fernández Jessica Arbour Stuart Willis Crystal Watkins Rodney L Honeycutt Kirk O Winemiller
author_sort	Hernán López-Fernández
title	Morphology and efficiency of a specialized foraging behavior, sediment sifting, in neotropical cichlid fishes.
title_short	Morphology and efficiency of a specialized foraging behavior, sediment sifting, in neotropical cichlid fishes.
title_full	Morphology and efficiency of a specialized foraging behavior, sediment sifting, in neotropical cichlid fishes.
title_fullStr	Morphology and efficiency of a specialized foraging behavior, sediment sifting, in neotropical cichlid fishes.
title_full_unstemmed	Morphology and efficiency of a specialized foraging behavior, sediment sifting, in neotropical cichlid fishes.
title_sort	morphology and efficiency of a specialized foraging behavior, sediment sifting, in neotropical cichlid fishes.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/8034f6ccc14247f9b9c6124293f44712
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Morphology and efficiency of a specialized foraging behavior, sediment sifting, in neotropical cichlid fishes.

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