Recovery of the Gut Microbiome following Fecal Microbiota Transplantation

ABSTRACT Clostridium difficile infection is one of the most common health care-associated infections, and up to 40% of patients suffer from recurrence of disease following standard antibiotic therapy. Recently, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been successfully used to treat recurrent C. d...

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Autores principales:	Anna M. Seekatz, Johannes Aas, Charles E. Gessert, Timothy A. Rubin, Daniel M. Saman, Johan S. Bakken, Vincent B. Young
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2014
Materias:	Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8041ad502eb0453099f3850935b54d5f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8041ad502eb0453099f3850935b54d5f2021-11-15T15:47:38ZRecovery of the Gut Microbiome following Fecal Microbiota Transplantation10.1128/mBio.00893-142150-7511https://doaj.org/article/8041ad502eb0453099f3850935b54d5f2014-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.00893-14https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT Clostridium difficile infection is one of the most common health care-associated infections, and up to 40% of patients suffer from recurrence of disease following standard antibiotic therapy. Recently, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been successfully used to treat recurrent C. difficile infection. It is hypothesized that FMT aids in recovery of a microbiota capable of colonization resistance to C. difficile. However, it is not fully understood how this occurs. Here we investigated changes in the fecal microbiota structure following FMT in patients with recurrent C. difficile infection, and imputed a hypothetical functional profile based on the 16S rRNA profile using a predictive metagenomic tool. Increased relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and decreased abundance of Proteobacteria were observed following FMT. The fecal microbiota of recipients following transplantation was more diverse and more similar to the donor profile than the microbiota prior to transplantation. Additionally, we observed differences in the imputed metagenomic profile. In particular, amino acid transport systems were overrepresented in samples collected prior to transplantation. These results suggest that functional changes accompany microbial structural changes following this therapy. Further identification of the specific community members and functions that promote colonization resistance may aid in the development of improved treatment methods for C. difficile infection. IMPORTANCE Within the last decade, Clostridium difficile infection has surpassed other bacterial infections to become the leading cause of nosocomial infections. Antibiotic use, which disrupts the gut microbiota and its capability in providing colonization resistance against C. difficile, is a known risk factor in C. difficile infection. In particular, recurrent C. difficile remains difficult to treat with standard antibiotic therapy. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has provided a successful treatment method for some patients with recurrent C. difficile infection, but its mechanism and long-term effects remain unknown. Our results provide insight into the structural and potential metabolic changes that occur following FMT, which may aid in the development of new treatment methods for C. difficile infection.Anna M. SeekatzJohannes AasCharles E. GessertTimothy A. RubinDaniel M. SamanJohan S. BakkenVincent B. YoungAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 5, Iss 3 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	Microbiology QR1-502 Anna M. Seekatz Johannes Aas Charles E. Gessert Timothy A. Rubin Daniel M. Saman Johan S. Bakken Vincent B. Young Recovery of the Gut Microbiome following Fecal Microbiota Transplantation
description	ABSTRACT Clostridium difficile infection is one of the most common health care-associated infections, and up to 40% of patients suffer from recurrence of disease following standard antibiotic therapy. Recently, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been successfully used to treat recurrent C. difficile infection. It is hypothesized that FMT aids in recovery of a microbiota capable of colonization resistance to C. difficile. However, it is not fully understood how this occurs. Here we investigated changes in the fecal microbiota structure following FMT in patients with recurrent C. difficile infection, and imputed a hypothetical functional profile based on the 16S rRNA profile using a predictive metagenomic tool. Increased relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and decreased abundance of Proteobacteria were observed following FMT. The fecal microbiota of recipients following transplantation was more diverse and more similar to the donor profile than the microbiota prior to transplantation. Additionally, we observed differences in the imputed metagenomic profile. In particular, amino acid transport systems were overrepresented in samples collected prior to transplantation. These results suggest that functional changes accompany microbial structural changes following this therapy. Further identification of the specific community members and functions that promote colonization resistance may aid in the development of improved treatment methods for C. difficile infection. IMPORTANCE Within the last decade, Clostridium difficile infection has surpassed other bacterial infections to become the leading cause of nosocomial infections. Antibiotic use, which disrupts the gut microbiota and its capability in providing colonization resistance against C. difficile, is a known risk factor in C. difficile infection. In particular, recurrent C. difficile remains difficult to treat with standard antibiotic therapy. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has provided a successful treatment method for some patients with recurrent C. difficile infection, but its mechanism and long-term effects remain unknown. Our results provide insight into the structural and potential metabolic changes that occur following FMT, which may aid in the development of new treatment methods for C. difficile infection.
format	article
author	Anna M. Seekatz Johannes Aas Charles E. Gessert Timothy A. Rubin Daniel M. Saman Johan S. Bakken Vincent B. Young
author_facet	Anna M. Seekatz Johannes Aas Charles E. Gessert Timothy A. Rubin Daniel M. Saman Johan S. Bakken Vincent B. Young
author_sort	Anna M. Seekatz
title	Recovery of the Gut Microbiome following Fecal Microbiota Transplantation
title_short	Recovery of the Gut Microbiome following Fecal Microbiota Transplantation
title_full	Recovery of the Gut Microbiome following Fecal Microbiota Transplantation
title_fullStr	Recovery of the Gut Microbiome following Fecal Microbiota Transplantation
title_full_unstemmed	Recovery of the Gut Microbiome following Fecal Microbiota Transplantation
title_sort	recovery of the gut microbiome following fecal microbiota transplantation
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/8041ad502eb0453099f3850935b54d5f
work_keys_str_mv	AT annamseekatz recoveryofthegutmicrobiomefollowingfecalmicrobiotatransplantation AT johannesaas recoveryofthegutmicrobiomefollowingfecalmicrobiotatransplantation AT charlesegessert recoveryofthegutmicrobiomefollowingfecalmicrobiotatransplantation AT timothyarubin recoveryofthegutmicrobiomefollowingfecalmicrobiotatransplantation AT danielmsaman recoveryofthegutmicrobiomefollowingfecalmicrobiotatransplantation AT johansbakken recoveryofthegutmicrobiomefollowingfecalmicrobiotatransplantation AT vincentbyoung recoveryofthegutmicrobiomefollowingfecalmicrobiotatransplantation
_version_	1718427528221163520

Recovery of the Gut Microbiome following Fecal Microbiota Transplantation

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