HIV Inhibition by Lactobacilli: Easier in a Test Tube Than in Real Life

ABSTRACT A lactobacillus-dominant vaginal microbiota has been shown to decrease heterosexual HIV transmission. Nunn et al. now report that a vaginal microbiota dominated by Lactobacillus crispatus is associated with a relative inability of HIV pseudoviral particles to transverse cervicovaginal mucus...

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Autores principales:	Steven S. Witkin, Iara M. Linhares
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2015
Materias:	Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/804af3ead5644120b24fe1eb0e703759
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:804af3ead5644120b24fe1eb0e7037592021-11-15T15:41:31ZHIV Inhibition by Lactobacilli: Easier in a Test Tube Than in Real Life10.1128/mBio.01485-152150-7511https://doaj.org/article/804af3ead5644120b24fe1eb0e7037592015-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.01485-15https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT A lactobacillus-dominant vaginal microbiota has been shown to decrease heterosexual HIV transmission. Nunn et al. now report that a vaginal microbiota dominated by Lactobacillus crispatus is associated with a relative inability of HIV pseudoviral particles to transverse cervicovaginal mucus (CVM) in vitro [mBio 6(5):e01084-15, 2015, doi:10.1128/mBio.01084-15]. The purported inhibitory mechanism is the interaction between carboxyl groups present on HIV and in CVM that occurred only under acidic conditions when carboxyl groups were protonated. L. crispatus produces high levels of lactic acid and results in the lowest vaginal pH when it is the dominant vaginal bacterium. In addition, high levels of lactic acid inhibit the proliferation of other bacteria that might negatively affect CVM structure. The utility of enhancing L. crispatus dominance to inhibit HIV transmission awaits assessment of the influence of ejaculated semen on this property and investigations on the role of Lactobacillus products such as d-lactic acid in this property.Steven S. WitkinIara M. LinharesAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 6, Iss 5 (2015)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	Microbiology QR1-502 Steven S. Witkin Iara M. Linhares HIV Inhibition by Lactobacilli: Easier in a Test Tube Than in Real Life
description	ABSTRACT A lactobacillus-dominant vaginal microbiota has been shown to decrease heterosexual HIV transmission. Nunn et al. now report that a vaginal microbiota dominated by Lactobacillus crispatus is associated with a relative inability of HIV pseudoviral particles to transverse cervicovaginal mucus (CVM) in vitro [mBio 6(5):e01084-15, 2015, doi:10.1128/mBio.01084-15]. The purported inhibitory mechanism is the interaction between carboxyl groups present on HIV and in CVM that occurred only under acidic conditions when carboxyl groups were protonated. L. crispatus produces high levels of lactic acid and results in the lowest vaginal pH when it is the dominant vaginal bacterium. In addition, high levels of lactic acid inhibit the proliferation of other bacteria that might negatively affect CVM structure. The utility of enhancing L. crispatus dominance to inhibit HIV transmission awaits assessment of the influence of ejaculated semen on this property and investigations on the role of Lactobacillus products such as d-lactic acid in this property.
format	article
author	Steven S. Witkin Iara M. Linhares
author_facet	Steven S. Witkin Iara M. Linhares
author_sort	Steven S. Witkin
title	HIV Inhibition by Lactobacilli: Easier in a Test Tube Than in Real Life
title_short	HIV Inhibition by Lactobacilli: Easier in a Test Tube Than in Real Life
title_full	HIV Inhibition by Lactobacilli: Easier in a Test Tube Than in Real Life
title_fullStr	HIV Inhibition by Lactobacilli: Easier in a Test Tube Than in Real Life
title_full_unstemmed	HIV Inhibition by Lactobacilli: Easier in a Test Tube Than in Real Life
title_sort	hiv inhibition by lactobacilli: easier in a test tube than in real life
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2015
url	https://doaj.org/article/804af3ead5644120b24fe1eb0e703759
work_keys_str_mv	AT stevenswitkin hivinhibitionbylactobacillieasierinatesttubethaninreallife AT iaramlinhares hivinhibitionbylactobacillieasierinatesttubethaninreallife
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HIV Inhibition by Lactobacilli: Easier in a Test Tube Than in Real Life

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