The impact of host sex on the outcome of co-infection

Abstract Males and females vary in many characteristics that typically underlie how well a host is able to fight infection, such as body-size, immune capacity, or energy availability. Although well studied in the context of sexual signalling, there is now growing recognition that these differences c...

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Autores principales:	Olivia Thompson, Stephen A. Y. Gipson, Matthew D. Hall
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/80632ca25be34ba694643c549e738288
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:80632ca25be34ba694643c549e7382882021-12-02T11:40:23ZThe impact of host sex on the outcome of co-infection10.1038/s41598-017-00835-z2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/80632ca25be34ba694643c549e7382882017-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-00835-zhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Males and females vary in many characteristics that typically underlie how well a host is able to fight infection, such as body-size, immune capacity, or energy availability. Although well studied in the context of sexual signalling, there is now growing recognition that these differences can influence aspects of pathogen evolution as well. Here we consider how co-infection between multiple pathogen strains is shaped by male-female differences. In natural populations, infections by more than one pathogen strain or species are believed to be a widespread occurrence. Using the water flea, Daphnia magna, we exposed genetically identical males and females to replicated bacterial co-infections. We found that pathogen transmission and virulence were much higher in females. However, males did not simply lower average pathogen fitness, but rather the influence of co-infection was more varied and less defined than in females. We discuss how pathogens may have more fitness benefits to gain, and consequently to lose, when infecting one sex over the other.Olivia ThompsonStephen A. Y. GipsonMatthew D. HallNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Olivia Thompson Stephen A. Y. Gipson Matthew D. Hall The impact of host sex on the outcome of co-infection
description	Abstract Males and females vary in many characteristics that typically underlie how well a host is able to fight infection, such as body-size, immune capacity, or energy availability. Although well studied in the context of sexual signalling, there is now growing recognition that these differences can influence aspects of pathogen evolution as well. Here we consider how co-infection between multiple pathogen strains is shaped by male-female differences. In natural populations, infections by more than one pathogen strain or species are believed to be a widespread occurrence. Using the water flea, Daphnia magna, we exposed genetically identical males and females to replicated bacterial co-infections. We found that pathogen transmission and virulence were much higher in females. However, males did not simply lower average pathogen fitness, but rather the influence of co-infection was more varied and less defined than in females. We discuss how pathogens may have more fitness benefits to gain, and consequently to lose, when infecting one sex over the other.
format	article
author	Olivia Thompson Stephen A. Y. Gipson Matthew D. Hall
author_facet	Olivia Thompson Stephen A. Y. Gipson Matthew D. Hall
author_sort	Olivia Thompson
title	The impact of host sex on the outcome of co-infection
title_short	The impact of host sex on the outcome of co-infection
title_full	The impact of host sex on the outcome of co-infection
title_fullStr	The impact of host sex on the outcome of co-infection
title_full_unstemmed	The impact of host sex on the outcome of co-infection
title_sort	impact of host sex on the outcome of co-infection
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/80632ca25be34ba694643c549e738288
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The impact of host sex on the outcome of co-infection

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