HIV Stigma and Status Disclosure in Three Municipalities in Ghana

Background: HIV-related stigma and HIV status disclosure are important elements in the continuous fight against HIV as these impact the prevention efforts and antiretroviral treatment adherence among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in many communities. Objectives: The objectives of the study wer...

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Autores principales:	Awolu Adam, Adam Fusheini, Martin Amogre Ayanore, Norbert Amuna, Faith Agbozo, Nuworza Kugbey, Prince Kubi-Appiah, Geoffrey Adenuga Asalu, Isaac Agbemafle, Bright Akpalu, Senam Klomegah, Abdulrazak Nayina, Doris Hadzi, Kingsley Afeti, Christopher Emmanuel Makam, Felix Mensah, Francis Bruno Zotor
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Ubiquity Press 2021
Materias:	Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/80723562577c4e36a7374b2518b7b856
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:80723562577c4e36a7374b2518b7b8562021-12-02T16:43:32ZHIV Stigma and Status Disclosure in Three Municipalities in Ghana2214-999610.5334/aogh.3120https://doaj.org/article/80723562577c4e36a7374b2518b7b8562021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://annalsofglobalhealth.org/articles/3120https://doaj.org/toc/2214-9996Background: HIV-related stigma and HIV status disclosure are important elements in the continuous fight against HIV as these impact the prevention efforts and antiretroviral treatment adherence among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in many communities. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to examine the prevalence and experience of various types of HIV-related stigma and HIV status disclosure among PLWHA in Volta region. Methods: A cross-sectional design was used to collect quantitative data from 301 PLWHA. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze and present data on socio-demographic variables. Correlation analysis was done to determine factors associated with HIV stigma and status disclosure while a Mann-Whitney U test was used to determine differences in internalized HIV stigma. Findings: The mean age of the participants was 44.82 (SD: 12.22), 224 (74.4%) were female, and 90% attained at least primary education. A Pearson r analysis revealed that ethnicity (r[299] = 0.170, p = 0.003), religious affiliation (r[299] = –0.205, p = 0.001) and social support (r[299] = 0.142, p = 0.014) significantly predicted disclosure of HIV status. Fear of family rejection (62%) and shame (56%) were reasons for non-disclosure of HIV status. A Mann-Whitney’s U-test revealed that females are more likely than males to internalize HIV stigma. Community-related HIV stigma in the form of gossip (56.1%), verbal harassment (30.9%), and physical harassment (8.6%) was reported. Conclusion: A high rate of HIV status disclosure was found with social support, ethnicity, and religious affiliation being the associated factors. Internalized HIV stigma is prevalent among PLWHA while community-related stigma impacts HIV status disclosure. Strengthening social support systems and implementing culturally appropriate educational interventions may help in reducing community-related HIV stigma.Awolu AdamAdam FusheiniMartin Amogre AyanoreNorbert AmunaFaith AgbozoNuworza KugbeyPrince Kubi-AppiahGeoffrey Adenuga AsaluIsaac AgbemafleBright AkpaluSenam KlomegahAbdulrazak NayinaDoris HadziKingsley AfetiChristopher Emmanuel MakamFelix MensahFrancis Bruno ZotorUbiquity PressarticleInfectious and parasitic diseasesRC109-216Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENAnnals of Global Health, Vol 87, Iss 1 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Awolu Adam Adam Fusheini Martin Amogre Ayanore Norbert Amuna Faith Agbozo Nuworza Kugbey Prince Kubi-Appiah Geoffrey Adenuga Asalu Isaac Agbemafle Bright Akpalu Senam Klomegah Abdulrazak Nayina Doris Hadzi Kingsley Afeti Christopher Emmanuel Makam Felix Mensah Francis Bruno Zotor HIV Stigma and Status Disclosure in Three Municipalities in Ghana
description	Background: HIV-related stigma and HIV status disclosure are important elements in the continuous fight against HIV as these impact the prevention efforts and antiretroviral treatment adherence among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in many communities. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to examine the prevalence and experience of various types of HIV-related stigma and HIV status disclosure among PLWHA in Volta region. Methods: A cross-sectional design was used to collect quantitative data from 301 PLWHA. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze and present data on socio-demographic variables. Correlation analysis was done to determine factors associated with HIV stigma and status disclosure while a Mann-Whitney U test was used to determine differences in internalized HIV stigma. Findings: The mean age of the participants was 44.82 (SD: 12.22), 224 (74.4%) were female, and 90% attained at least primary education. A Pearson r analysis revealed that ethnicity (r[299] = 0.170, p = 0.003), religious affiliation (r[299] = –0.205, p = 0.001) and social support (r[299] = 0.142, p = 0.014) significantly predicted disclosure of HIV status. Fear of family rejection (62%) and shame (56%) were reasons for non-disclosure of HIV status. A Mann-Whitney’s U-test revealed that females are more likely than males to internalize HIV stigma. Community-related HIV stigma in the form of gossip (56.1%), verbal harassment (30.9%), and physical harassment (8.6%) was reported. Conclusion: A high rate of HIV status disclosure was found with social support, ethnicity, and religious affiliation being the associated factors. Internalized HIV stigma is prevalent among PLWHA while community-related stigma impacts HIV status disclosure. Strengthening social support systems and implementing culturally appropriate educational interventions may help in reducing community-related HIV stigma.
format	article
author	Awolu Adam Adam Fusheini Martin Amogre Ayanore Norbert Amuna Faith Agbozo Nuworza Kugbey Prince Kubi-Appiah Geoffrey Adenuga Asalu Isaac Agbemafle Bright Akpalu Senam Klomegah Abdulrazak Nayina Doris Hadzi Kingsley Afeti Christopher Emmanuel Makam Felix Mensah Francis Bruno Zotor
author_facet	Awolu Adam Adam Fusheini Martin Amogre Ayanore Norbert Amuna Faith Agbozo Nuworza Kugbey Prince Kubi-Appiah Geoffrey Adenuga Asalu Isaac Agbemafle Bright Akpalu Senam Klomegah Abdulrazak Nayina Doris Hadzi Kingsley Afeti Christopher Emmanuel Makam Felix Mensah Francis Bruno Zotor
author_sort	Awolu Adam
title	HIV Stigma and Status Disclosure in Three Municipalities in Ghana
title_short	HIV Stigma and Status Disclosure in Three Municipalities in Ghana
title_full	HIV Stigma and Status Disclosure in Three Municipalities in Ghana
title_fullStr	HIV Stigma and Status Disclosure in Three Municipalities in Ghana
title_full_unstemmed	HIV Stigma and Status Disclosure in Three Municipalities in Ghana
title_sort	hiv stigma and status disclosure in three municipalities in ghana
publisher	Ubiquity Press
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/80723562577c4e36a7374b2518b7b856
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HIV Stigma and Status Disclosure in Three Municipalities in Ghana

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