Long-term relationships between synaptic tenacity, synaptic remodeling, and network activity.

Synaptic plasticity is widely believed to constitute a key mechanism for modifying functional properties of neuronal networks. This belief implicitly implies, however, that synapses, when not driven to change their characteristics by physiologically relevant stimuli, will maintain these characterist...

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Autores principales:	Amir Minerbi, Roni Kahana, Larissa Goldfeld, Maya Kaufman, Shimon Marom, Noam E Ziv
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2009
Materias:	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/80771a8efa074979886d74f4c0eae3ae
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:80771a8efa074979886d74f4c0eae3ae2021-11-25T05:34:07ZLong-term relationships between synaptic tenacity, synaptic remodeling, and network activity.1544-91731545-788510.1371/journal.pbio.1000136https://doaj.org/article/80771a8efa074979886d74f4c0eae3ae2009-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/19554080/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1544-9173https://doaj.org/toc/1545-7885Synaptic plasticity is widely believed to constitute a key mechanism for modifying functional properties of neuronal networks. This belief implicitly implies, however, that synapses, when not driven to change their characteristics by physiologically relevant stimuli, will maintain these characteristics over time. How tenacious are synapses over behaviorally relevant time scales? To begin to address this question, we developed a system for continuously imaging the structural dynamics of individual synapses over many days, while recording network activity in the same preparations. We found that in spontaneously active networks, distributions of synaptic sizes were generally stable over days. Following individual synapses revealed, however, that the apparently static distributions were actually steady states of synapses exhibiting continual and extensive remodeling. In active networks, large synapses tended to grow smaller, whereas small synapses tended to grow larger, mainly during periods of particularly synchronous activity. Suppression of network activity only mildly affected the magnitude of synaptic remodeling, but dependence on synaptic size was lost, leading to the broadening of synaptic size distributions and increases in mean synaptic size. From the perspective of individual neurons, activity drove changes in the relative sizes of their excitatory inputs, but such changes continued, albeit at lower rates, even when network activity was blocked. Our findings show that activity strongly drives synaptic remodeling, but they also show that significant remodeling occurs spontaneously. Whereas such spontaneous remodeling provides an explanation for "synaptic homeostasis" like processes, it also raises significant questions concerning the reliability of individual synapses as sites for persistently modifying network function.Amir MinerbiRoni KahanaLarissa GoldfeldMaya KaufmanShimon MaromNoam E ZivPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Biology, Vol 7, Iss 6, p e1000136 (2009)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Amir Minerbi Roni Kahana Larissa Goldfeld Maya Kaufman Shimon Marom Noam E Ziv Long-term relationships between synaptic tenacity, synaptic remodeling, and network activity.
description	Synaptic plasticity is widely believed to constitute a key mechanism for modifying functional properties of neuronal networks. This belief implicitly implies, however, that synapses, when not driven to change their characteristics by physiologically relevant stimuli, will maintain these characteristics over time. How tenacious are synapses over behaviorally relevant time scales? To begin to address this question, we developed a system for continuously imaging the structural dynamics of individual synapses over many days, while recording network activity in the same preparations. We found that in spontaneously active networks, distributions of synaptic sizes were generally stable over days. Following individual synapses revealed, however, that the apparently static distributions were actually steady states of synapses exhibiting continual and extensive remodeling. In active networks, large synapses tended to grow smaller, whereas small synapses tended to grow larger, mainly during periods of particularly synchronous activity. Suppression of network activity only mildly affected the magnitude of synaptic remodeling, but dependence on synaptic size was lost, leading to the broadening of synaptic size distributions and increases in mean synaptic size. From the perspective of individual neurons, activity drove changes in the relative sizes of their excitatory inputs, but such changes continued, albeit at lower rates, even when network activity was blocked. Our findings show that activity strongly drives synaptic remodeling, but they also show that significant remodeling occurs spontaneously. Whereas such spontaneous remodeling provides an explanation for "synaptic homeostasis" like processes, it also raises significant questions concerning the reliability of individual synapses as sites for persistently modifying network function.
format	article
author	Amir Minerbi Roni Kahana Larissa Goldfeld Maya Kaufman Shimon Marom Noam E Ziv
author_facet	Amir Minerbi Roni Kahana Larissa Goldfeld Maya Kaufman Shimon Marom Noam E Ziv
author_sort	Amir Minerbi
title	Long-term relationships between synaptic tenacity, synaptic remodeling, and network activity.
title_short	Long-term relationships between synaptic tenacity, synaptic remodeling, and network activity.
title_full	Long-term relationships between synaptic tenacity, synaptic remodeling, and network activity.
title_fullStr	Long-term relationships between synaptic tenacity, synaptic remodeling, and network activity.
title_full_unstemmed	Long-term relationships between synaptic tenacity, synaptic remodeling, and network activity.
title_sort	long-term relationships between synaptic tenacity, synaptic remodeling, and network activity.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2009
url	https://doaj.org/article/80771a8efa074979886d74f4c0eae3ae
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Long-term relationships between synaptic tenacity, synaptic remodeling, and network activity.

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