Microglia dynamics in retinitis pigmentosa model: formation of fundus whitening and autofluorescence as an indicator of activity of retinal degeneration

Abstract In patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP), color fundus photography and fundus autofluorescence (FAF) have been used to estimate the disease progression. To understand the origin and the diagnostic interpretation of the fundus color and FAF, we performed in vivo imaging of fundus color and...

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Main Authors:	Kenichi Makabe, Sunao Sugita, Michiko Mandai, Yoko Futatsugi, Masayo Takahashi
Format:	article
Language:	EN
Published:	Nature Portfolio 2020
Subjects:	Medicine R Science Q
Online Access:	https://doaj.org/article/809aca0d835f4cd6acf5c869527e3b27
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:809aca0d835f4cd6acf5c869527e3b272021-12-02T19:12:33ZMicroglia dynamics in retinitis pigmentosa model: formation of fundus whitening and autofluorescence as an indicator of activity of retinal degeneration10.1038/s41598-020-71626-22045-2322https://doaj.org/article/809aca0d835f4cd6acf5c869527e3b272020-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-71626-2https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract In patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP), color fundus photography and fundus autofluorescence (FAF) have been used to estimate the disease progression. To understand the origin and the diagnostic interpretation of the fundus color and FAF, we performed in vivo imaging of fundus color and FAF together with histological analyses of the retinal degeneration process using the RP model mice, rd10. FAF partly represented the accumulation of microglia in the photoreceptor outer segments. Fundus whitening suggested the presence of apoptotic cells, which spatiotemporally preceded increase in FAF. We observed two patterns of FAF localization, arcuate and diffuse, each indicating different pattern of apoptosis, wavy and diffuse, respectively. Diffuse pattern of apoptosis was suppressed in dark-raised rd10 mice, in which outer nuclear layer (ONL) loss was significantly suppressed. The occupancy of FAF correlated with the thinning rate of the ONL. Fractalkine, a microglia chemotactic factor, was detected in apoptotic photoreceptors, suggesting chemokine-induced recruitment of microglia into the ONL, which paralleled with accelerated ONL loss and increased FAF occupancy. Thus, we propose that the degree of photoreceptor apoptosis and the rate of ONL thinning in RP patients might be read from the fundus color and the FAF.Kenichi MakabeSunao SugitaMichiko MandaiYoko FutatsugiMasayo TakahashiNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Kenichi Makabe Sunao Sugita Michiko Mandai Yoko Futatsugi Masayo Takahashi Microglia dynamics in retinitis pigmentosa model: formation of fundus whitening and autofluorescence as an indicator of activity of retinal degeneration
description	Abstract In patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP), color fundus photography and fundus autofluorescence (FAF) have been used to estimate the disease progression. To understand the origin and the diagnostic interpretation of the fundus color and FAF, we performed in vivo imaging of fundus color and FAF together with histological analyses of the retinal degeneration process using the RP model mice, rd10. FAF partly represented the accumulation of microglia in the photoreceptor outer segments. Fundus whitening suggested the presence of apoptotic cells, which spatiotemporally preceded increase in FAF. We observed two patterns of FAF localization, arcuate and diffuse, each indicating different pattern of apoptosis, wavy and diffuse, respectively. Diffuse pattern of apoptosis was suppressed in dark-raised rd10 mice, in which outer nuclear layer (ONL) loss was significantly suppressed. The occupancy of FAF correlated with the thinning rate of the ONL. Fractalkine, a microglia chemotactic factor, was detected in apoptotic photoreceptors, suggesting chemokine-induced recruitment of microglia into the ONL, which paralleled with accelerated ONL loss and increased FAF occupancy. Thus, we propose that the degree of photoreceptor apoptosis and the rate of ONL thinning in RP patients might be read from the fundus color and the FAF.
format	article
author	Kenichi Makabe Sunao Sugita Michiko Mandai Yoko Futatsugi Masayo Takahashi
author_facet	Kenichi Makabe Sunao Sugita Michiko Mandai Yoko Futatsugi Masayo Takahashi
author_sort	Kenichi Makabe
title	Microglia dynamics in retinitis pigmentosa model: formation of fundus whitening and autofluorescence as an indicator of activity of retinal degeneration
title_short	Microglia dynamics in retinitis pigmentosa model: formation of fundus whitening and autofluorescence as an indicator of activity of retinal degeneration
title_full	Microglia dynamics in retinitis pigmentosa model: formation of fundus whitening and autofluorescence as an indicator of activity of retinal degeneration
title_fullStr	Microglia dynamics in retinitis pigmentosa model: formation of fundus whitening and autofluorescence as an indicator of activity of retinal degeneration
title_full_unstemmed	Microglia dynamics in retinitis pigmentosa model: formation of fundus whitening and autofluorescence as an indicator of activity of retinal degeneration
title_sort	microglia dynamics in retinitis pigmentosa model: formation of fundus whitening and autofluorescence as an indicator of activity of retinal degeneration
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/809aca0d835f4cd6acf5c869527e3b27
work_keys_str_mv	AT kenichimakabe microgliadynamicsinretinitispigmentosamodelformationoffunduswhiteningandautofluorescenceasanindicatorofactivityofretinaldegeneration AT sunaosugita microgliadynamicsinretinitispigmentosamodelformationoffunduswhiteningandautofluorescenceasanindicatorofactivityofretinaldegeneration AT michikomandai microgliadynamicsinretinitispigmentosamodelformationoffunduswhiteningandautofluorescenceasanindicatorofactivityofretinaldegeneration AT yokofutatsugi microgliadynamicsinretinitispigmentosamodelformationoffunduswhiteningandautofluorescenceasanindicatorofactivityofretinaldegeneration AT masayotakahashi microgliadynamicsinretinitispigmentosamodelformationoffunduswhiteningandautofluorescenceasanindicatorofactivityofretinaldegeneration
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Microglia dynamics in retinitis pigmentosa model: formation of fundus whitening and autofluorescence as an indicator of activity of retinal degeneration

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