Dynamic pH and Thermal Analysis of Paper-Based Microchip Electrophoresis

Paper-based microchip electrophoresis has the potential to bring laboratory electrophoresis tests to the point of need. However, high electric potential and current values induce pH and temperature shifts, which may affect biomolecule electrophoretic mobility thus decrease test reproducibility and a...

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Autores principales:	Muhammad Noman Hasan, Ran An, Asya Akkus, Derya Akkaynak, Adrienne R. Minerick, Chirag R. Kharangate, Umut A. Gurkan
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	paper-based electrophoresis pH shifts temperature shifts hemoglobin separation Mechanical engineering and machinery TJ1-1570
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/80e94d3044744a9db1873031901eb0df
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:80e94d3044744a9db1873031901eb0df2021-11-25T18:23:58ZDynamic pH and Thermal Analysis of Paper-Based Microchip Electrophoresis10.3390/mi121114332072-666Xhttps://doaj.org/article/80e94d3044744a9db1873031901eb0df2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/12/11/1433https://doaj.org/toc/2072-666XPaper-based microchip electrophoresis has the potential to bring laboratory electrophoresis tests to the point of need. However, high electric potential and current values induce pH and temperature shifts, which may affect biomolecule electrophoretic mobility thus decrease test reproducibility and accuracy of paper-based microfluidic electrophoresis. We have previously developed a microchip electrophoresis system, HemeChip, which has the capability of providing low-cost, rapid, reproducible, and accurate point-of-care (POC) electrophoresis tests for hemoglobin analysis. Here, we report the methodologies we implemented for characterizing HemeChip system pH and temperature during the development process, including utilizing commercially available universal pH indicator and digital camera pH shift characterization, and infrared camera characterizing temperature shift characterization. The characterization results demonstrated that pH shifts up to 1.1 units, a pH gradient up to 0.11 units/mm, temperature shifts up to 40 °C, and a temperature gradient up to 0.5 °C/mm existed in the system. Finally, we report an acid pre-treatment of the separation media, a cellulose acetate paper, mitigated both pH and temperature shifts and provided a stable environment for reproducible HemeChip hemoglobin electrophoresis separation.Muhammad Noman HasanRan AnAsya AkkusDerya AkkaynakAdrienne R. MinerickChirag R. KharangateUmut A. GurkanMDPI AGarticlepaper-based electrophoresispH shiftstemperature shiftshemoglobin separationMechanical engineering and machineryTJ1-1570ENMicromachines, Vol 12, Iss 1433, p 1433 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	paper-based electrophoresis pH shifts temperature shifts hemoglobin separation Mechanical engineering and machinery TJ1-1570
spellingShingle	paper-based electrophoresis pH shifts temperature shifts hemoglobin separation Mechanical engineering and machinery TJ1-1570 Muhammad Noman Hasan Ran An Asya Akkus Derya Akkaynak Adrienne R. Minerick Chirag R. Kharangate Umut A. Gurkan Dynamic pH and Thermal Analysis of Paper-Based Microchip Electrophoresis
description	Paper-based microchip electrophoresis has the potential to bring laboratory electrophoresis tests to the point of need. However, high electric potential and current values induce pH and temperature shifts, which may affect biomolecule electrophoretic mobility thus decrease test reproducibility and accuracy of paper-based microfluidic electrophoresis. We have previously developed a microchip electrophoresis system, HemeChip, which has the capability of providing low-cost, rapid, reproducible, and accurate point-of-care (POC) electrophoresis tests for hemoglobin analysis. Here, we report the methodologies we implemented for characterizing HemeChip system pH and temperature during the development process, including utilizing commercially available universal pH indicator and digital camera pH shift characterization, and infrared camera characterizing temperature shift characterization. The characterization results demonstrated that pH shifts up to 1.1 units, a pH gradient up to 0.11 units/mm, temperature shifts up to 40 °C, and a temperature gradient up to 0.5 °C/mm existed in the system. Finally, we report an acid pre-treatment of the separation media, a cellulose acetate paper, mitigated both pH and temperature shifts and provided a stable environment for reproducible HemeChip hemoglobin electrophoresis separation.
format	article
author	Muhammad Noman Hasan Ran An Asya Akkus Derya Akkaynak Adrienne R. Minerick Chirag R. Kharangate Umut A. Gurkan
author_facet	Muhammad Noman Hasan Ran An Asya Akkus Derya Akkaynak Adrienne R. Minerick Chirag R. Kharangate Umut A. Gurkan
author_sort	Muhammad Noman Hasan
title	Dynamic pH and Thermal Analysis of Paper-Based Microchip Electrophoresis
title_short	Dynamic pH and Thermal Analysis of Paper-Based Microchip Electrophoresis
title_full	Dynamic pH and Thermal Analysis of Paper-Based Microchip Electrophoresis
title_fullStr	Dynamic pH and Thermal Analysis of Paper-Based Microchip Electrophoresis
title_full_unstemmed	Dynamic pH and Thermal Analysis of Paper-Based Microchip Electrophoresis
title_sort	dynamic ph and thermal analysis of paper-based microchip electrophoresis
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/80e94d3044744a9db1873031901eb0df
work_keys_str_mv	AT muhammadnomanhasan dynamicphandthermalanalysisofpaperbasedmicrochipelectrophoresis AT ranan dynamicphandthermalanalysisofpaperbasedmicrochipelectrophoresis AT asyaakkus dynamicphandthermalanalysisofpaperbasedmicrochipelectrophoresis AT deryaakkaynak dynamicphandthermalanalysisofpaperbasedmicrochipelectrophoresis AT adriennerminerick dynamicphandthermalanalysisofpaperbasedmicrochipelectrophoresis AT chiragrkharangate dynamicphandthermalanalysisofpaperbasedmicrochipelectrophoresis AT umutagurkan dynamicphandthermalanalysisofpaperbasedmicrochipelectrophoresis
_version_	1718411208001847296

Dynamic pH and Thermal Analysis of Paper-Based Microchip Electrophoresis

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