The role of labor and capital in sectoral CO2 emissions and linkages: The case of China, India and the USA

The primary resources of labor and capital are required for the industrial production process. It could be argued that industries cannot produce CO2 emissions unless primary resources are available. However, few studies have focused on estimating the role of primary resources in the production of in...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Muhammad Jawad Sajid, Ernesto D.R. Santibanez Gonzalez, Danish
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Ghosh supply model Input-output model Hypothetical extraction method Primary resource Supply-side linkage Resource and carbon policy Ecology QH540-549.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8100ef241afd43eda5d6f75db045b031
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:8100ef241afd43eda5d6f75db045b031
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8100ef241afd43eda5d6f75db045b0312021-12-01T05:01:08ZThe role of labor and capital in sectoral CO2 emissions and linkages: The case of China, India and the USA1470-160X10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.108241https://doaj.org/article/8100ef241afd43eda5d6f75db045b0312021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X21009067https://doaj.org/toc/1470-160XThe primary resources of labor and capital are required for the industrial production process. It could be argued that industries cannot produce CO2 emissions unless primary resources are available. However, few studies have focused on estimating the role of primary resources in the production of industrial CO2 emissions. Furthermore, primary resource-induced inter and intra-sectoral linkages have received little attention. The purpose of this research is to estimate the role of primary resources in driving direct and net CO2 emissions (net CO2 linkages) in China, India, and the United States, all of which are at different stages of economic development. This study estimated the supply-induced CO2 emissions and linkages of China, India, and the United States using the Ghosh supply input–output model and by proposing some new supply-induced net emission linkage measures. The findings revealed that, when compared to fixed capital, labor produced more total and net carbon emissions in all three countries. The utility sector of “Electricity, gas, and water” (EGW) had the highest amount of labor and capital-induced emissions of all three nations. However, further decomposition of these emissions revealed the impact of different levels of economic development. In the services-based developed economy of the United States, input supplies from the sector of “Financial Intermediation and Business Activities” resulted in the highest emissions of the downstream sectors. The largest amount of downstream emissions was caused by supplies from the raw material supplier of “Mining and quarrying” in the industrial-based Chinese economy. While in India, which has a comparatively more agro-based economy, the “Agriculture” sector caused the greatest amount of downstream emissions. Our findings on supply-induced CO2 emissions of major countries at various levels of economic development can help guide both developed and developing economies to reduce industrial carbon emissions by efficiently managing and reallocating primary resource supplies to sectors.Muhammad Jawad SajidErnesto D.R. Santibanez Gonzalez DanishElsevierarticleGhosh supply modelInput-output modelHypothetical extraction methodPrimary resourceSupply-side linkageResource and carbon policyEcologyQH540-549.5ENEcological Indicators, Vol 131, Iss , Pp 108241- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Ghosh supply model Input-output model Hypothetical extraction method Primary resource Supply-side linkage Resource and carbon policy Ecology QH540-549.5
spellingShingle	Ghosh supply model Input-output model Hypothetical extraction method Primary resource Supply-side linkage Resource and carbon policy Ecology QH540-549.5 Muhammad Jawad Sajid Ernesto D.R. Santibanez Gonzalez Danish The role of labor and capital in sectoral CO2 emissions and linkages: The case of China, India and the USA
description	The primary resources of labor and capital are required for the industrial production process. It could be argued that industries cannot produce CO2 emissions unless primary resources are available. However, few studies have focused on estimating the role of primary resources in the production of industrial CO2 emissions. Furthermore, primary resource-induced inter and intra-sectoral linkages have received little attention. The purpose of this research is to estimate the role of primary resources in driving direct and net CO2 emissions (net CO2 linkages) in China, India, and the United States, all of which are at different stages of economic development. This study estimated the supply-induced CO2 emissions and linkages of China, India, and the United States using the Ghosh supply input–output model and by proposing some new supply-induced net emission linkage measures. The findings revealed that, when compared to fixed capital, labor produced more total and net carbon emissions in all three countries. The utility sector of “Electricity, gas, and water” (EGW) had the highest amount of labor and capital-induced emissions of all three nations. However, further decomposition of these emissions revealed the impact of different levels of economic development. In the services-based developed economy of the United States, input supplies from the sector of “Financial Intermediation and Business Activities” resulted in the highest emissions of the downstream sectors. The largest amount of downstream emissions was caused by supplies from the raw material supplier of “Mining and quarrying” in the industrial-based Chinese economy. While in India, which has a comparatively more agro-based economy, the “Agriculture” sector caused the greatest amount of downstream emissions. Our findings on supply-induced CO2 emissions of major countries at various levels of economic development can help guide both developed and developing economies to reduce industrial carbon emissions by efficiently managing and reallocating primary resource supplies to sectors.
format	article
author	Muhammad Jawad Sajid Ernesto D.R. Santibanez Gonzalez Danish
author_facet	Muhammad Jawad Sajid Ernesto D.R. Santibanez Gonzalez Danish
author_sort	Muhammad Jawad Sajid
title	The role of labor and capital in sectoral CO2 emissions and linkages: The case of China, India and the USA
title_short	The role of labor and capital in sectoral CO2 emissions and linkages: The case of China, India and the USA
title_full	The role of labor and capital in sectoral CO2 emissions and linkages: The case of China, India and the USA
title_fullStr	The role of labor and capital in sectoral CO2 emissions and linkages: The case of China, India and the USA
title_full_unstemmed	The role of labor and capital in sectoral CO2 emissions and linkages: The case of China, India and the USA
title_sort	role of labor and capital in sectoral co2 emissions and linkages: the case of china, india and the usa
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8100ef241afd43eda5d6f75db045b031
work_keys_str_mv	AT muhammadjawadsajid theroleoflaborandcapitalinsectoralco2emissionsandlinkagesthecaseofchinaindiaandtheusa AT ernestodrsantibanezgonzalez theroleoflaborandcapitalinsectoralco2emissionsandlinkagesthecaseofchinaindiaandtheusa AT danish theroleoflaborandcapitalinsectoralco2emissionsandlinkagesthecaseofchinaindiaandtheusa AT muhammadjawadsajid roleoflaborandcapitalinsectoralco2emissionsandlinkagesthecaseofchinaindiaandtheusa AT ernestodrsantibanezgonzalez roleoflaborandcapitalinsectoralco2emissionsandlinkagesthecaseofchinaindiaandtheusa AT danish roleoflaborandcapitalinsectoralco2emissionsandlinkagesthecaseofchinaindiaandtheusa
_version_	1718405611175018496

The role of labor and capital in sectoral CO2 emissions and linkages: The case of China, India and the USA

Ejemplares similares