Potential Role of Clostridium Difficile and Clostridium Perfringens as A Cause af Diarrhea in Horses

Diarrhea is a major clinical problem affecting foals and horses at different ages which can be fatal and cause great economic losses particularly in foals. The aim of this study was to identify Clostridium perfringens and Clostridium difficile involved in enteric infections and the associated virule...

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Autores principales:	Eman ,F. Farag, Basma Shalaby, Taher Abd El-Hamed
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Egyptian Society for Animal Management 2019
Materias:	c.difficile c.perfringens diarrhea enteritis horses netf gene Zoology QL1-991 Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Animal biochemistry QP501-801
Acceso en línea:	https://dx.doi.org/10.21608/javs.2019.62646 https://doaj.org/article/8113a73f90b74ef68a51323a8f7292ea
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8113a73f90b74ef68a51323a8f7292ea2021-12-02T13:21:47ZPotential Role of Clostridium Difficile and Clostridium Perfringens as A Cause af Diarrhea in Horseshttps://dx.doi.org/10.21608/javs.2019.626461687-40722090-3308https://doaj.org/article/8113a73f90b74ef68a51323a8f7292ea2019-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://javs.journals.ekb.eg/article_62646.htmlhttps://doaj.org/toc/1687-4072https://doaj.org/toc/2090-3308Diarrhea is a major clinical problem affecting foals and horses at different ages which can be fatal and cause great economic losses particularly in foals. The aim of this study was to identify Clostridium perfringens and Clostridium difficile involved in enteric infections and the associated virulence factors in diarrheic foals and horses. Thirty fecal samples were examined for identification of C.perfringens and C.difficile (bacteriological culturing, microscopical examination, count and molecular detection). C.perfringens was isolated from young horses less than 6 months age in an incidence of 46.7% with count ranged from 1.3×104- 5.6×108 cfu/g, while from horses of 6 months to one year, it was 20% with count ranged from 1.7×104- 1.9×106 cfu/g, on the other hand, 13.3% with count ranged from 1.4×103- 2.5×104 cfu/g was the incidence of C.perfringens in horse more than one year. C. difficile was not detected in all examined samples. C.perfringens type A was the most predominant type detected in an incidence of 58.3% then type B (4.7%). All C.perfringens isolates were sensitive to penicillin, nitromedazole, fluramfenicole and ceftiofur and all are resistant to oxytetracycline. Based on the high count, eight C.perfringens isolates were chosen to be molecular characterized for the presence of some virulence factor genes which included ; cpa, cpb2, cpe and netF toxin genes. All examined isolates have cpa (alpha) and cpb2 (beta 2) toxin genes, 5/8 isolates were found to have netF gene while only 2 isolates harbored cpe (enterotoxin gene). C. difficile tpi gene was not detected in all examined samples (10). This study may throw the light on the synergistic effect of β2 and net F toxins together with alpha toxin on induction of enterocolitis in horse.Eman ,F. FaragBasma ShalabyTaher Abd El-HamedEgyptian Society for Animal Managementarticlec.difficilec.perfringensdiarrheaenteritishorsesnetf geneZoologyQL1-991Veterinary medicineSF600-1100Animal biochemistryQP501-801ENJournal of Applied Veterinary Sciences, Vol 4, Iss 2, Pp 18-29 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	c.difficile c.perfringens diarrhea enteritis horses netf gene Zoology QL1-991 Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Animal biochemistry QP501-801
spellingShingle	c.difficile c.perfringens diarrhea enteritis horses netf gene Zoology QL1-991 Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Animal biochemistry QP501-801 Eman ,F. Farag Basma Shalaby Taher Abd El-Hamed Potential Role of Clostridium Difficile and Clostridium Perfringens as A Cause af Diarrhea in Horses
description	Diarrhea is a major clinical problem affecting foals and horses at different ages which can be fatal and cause great economic losses particularly in foals. The aim of this study was to identify Clostridium perfringens and Clostridium difficile involved in enteric infections and the associated virulence factors in diarrheic foals and horses. Thirty fecal samples were examined for identification of C.perfringens and C.difficile (bacteriological culturing, microscopical examination, count and molecular detection). C.perfringens was isolated from young horses less than 6 months age in an incidence of 46.7% with count ranged from 1.3×104- 5.6×108 cfu/g, while from horses of 6 months to one year, it was 20% with count ranged from 1.7×104- 1.9×106 cfu/g, on the other hand, 13.3% with count ranged from 1.4×103- 2.5×104 cfu/g was the incidence of C.perfringens in horse more than one year. C. difficile was not detected in all examined samples. C.perfringens type A was the most predominant type detected in an incidence of 58.3% then type B (4.7%). All C.perfringens isolates were sensitive to penicillin, nitromedazole, fluramfenicole and ceftiofur and all are resistant to oxytetracycline. Based on the high count, eight C.perfringens isolates were chosen to be molecular characterized for the presence of some virulence factor genes which included ; cpa, cpb2, cpe and netF toxin genes. All examined isolates have cpa (alpha) and cpb2 (beta 2) toxin genes, 5/8 isolates were found to have netF gene while only 2 isolates harbored cpe (enterotoxin gene). C. difficile tpi gene was not detected in all examined samples (10). This study may throw the light on the synergistic effect of β2 and net F toxins together with alpha toxin on induction of enterocolitis in horse.
format	article
author	Eman ,F. Farag Basma Shalaby Taher Abd El-Hamed
author_facet	Eman ,F. Farag Basma Shalaby Taher Abd El-Hamed
author_sort	Eman ,F. Farag
title	Potential Role of Clostridium Difficile and Clostridium Perfringens as A Cause af Diarrhea in Horses
title_short	Potential Role of Clostridium Difficile and Clostridium Perfringens as A Cause af Diarrhea in Horses
title_full	Potential Role of Clostridium Difficile and Clostridium Perfringens as A Cause af Diarrhea in Horses
title_fullStr	Potential Role of Clostridium Difficile and Clostridium Perfringens as A Cause af Diarrhea in Horses
title_full_unstemmed	Potential Role of Clostridium Difficile and Clostridium Perfringens as A Cause af Diarrhea in Horses
title_sort	potential role of clostridium difficile and clostridium perfringens as a cause af diarrhea in horses
publisher	Egyptian Society for Animal Management
publishDate	2019
url	https://dx.doi.org/10.21608/javs.2019.62646 https://doaj.org/article/8113a73f90b74ef68a51323a8f7292ea
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_version_	1718393162109550592

Potential Role of Clostridium Difficile and Clostridium Perfringens as A Cause af Diarrhea in Horses

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