Estimation of the prevalence of undiagnosed and diagnosed HIV in an urban emergency department.

<h4>Objective</h4>To estimate the prevalence of undiagnosed HIV, the prevalence of diagnosed HIV, and proportion of HIV that is undiagnosed in populations with similar demographics as the Universal Screening for HIV in the Emergency Room (USHER) Trial and the Brigham and Women's Hos...

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Autores principales:	William M Reichmann, Rochelle P Walensky, Amy Case, Anna Novais, Christian Arbelaez, Jeffrey N Katz, Elena Losina
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/813ac0628b324efca06c5909067f6d82
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:813ac0628b324efca06c5909067f6d822021-11-18T07:34:08ZEstimation of the prevalence of undiagnosed and diagnosed HIV in an urban emergency department.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0027701https://doaj.org/article/813ac0628b324efca06c5909067f6d822011-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22110730/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Objective</h4>To estimate the prevalence of undiagnosed HIV, the prevalence of diagnosed HIV, and proportion of HIV that is undiagnosed in populations with similar demographics as the Universal Screening for HIV in the Emergency Room (USHER) Trial and the Brigham and Women's Hospital (BWH) Emergency Department (ED) in Boston, MA. We also sought to estimate these quantities within demographic and risk behavior subgroups.<h4>Method</h4>We used data from the USHER Trial, which was a randomized clinical trial of HIV screening conducted in the BWH ED. Since eligible participants were HIV-free at time of enrollment, we were able to calculate the prevalence of undiagnosed HIV. We used data from the Massachusetts Department of Public Health (MA/DPH) to estimate the prevalence of diagnosed HIV since the MA/DPH records the number of persons within MA who are HIV-positive. We calculated the proportion of HIV that is undiagnosed using these estimates of the prevalence of undiagnosed and diagnosed HIV. Estimates were stratified by age, sex, race/ethnicity, history of testing, and risk behaviors.<h4>Results</h4>The overall expected prevalence of diagnosed HIV in a population similar to those presenting to the BWH ED was 0.71% (95% CI: 0.63%, 0.78%). The prevalence of undiagnosed HIV was estimated at 0.22% (95% CI: 0.10%, 0.42%) and resultant overall prevalence was 0.93%. The proportion of HIV-infection that is undiagnosed in this ED-based setting was estimated to be 23.7% (95% CI: 11.6%, 34.9%) of total HIV-infections.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Despite different methodology, our estimate of the proportion of HIV that is undiagnosed in an ED-setting was similar to previous estimates based on national surveillance data. Universal routine testing programs in EDs should use these data to help plan their yield of HIV detection.William M ReichmannRochelle P WalenskyAmy CaseAnna NovaisChristian ArbelaezJeffrey N KatzElena LosinaPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 11, p e27701 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q William M Reichmann Rochelle P Walensky Amy Case Anna Novais Christian Arbelaez Jeffrey N Katz Elena Losina Estimation of the prevalence of undiagnosed and diagnosed HIV in an urban emergency department.
description	<h4>Objective</h4>To estimate the prevalence of undiagnosed HIV, the prevalence of diagnosed HIV, and proportion of HIV that is undiagnosed in populations with similar demographics as the Universal Screening for HIV in the Emergency Room (USHER) Trial and the Brigham and Women's Hospital (BWH) Emergency Department (ED) in Boston, MA. We also sought to estimate these quantities within demographic and risk behavior subgroups.<h4>Method</h4>We used data from the USHER Trial, which was a randomized clinical trial of HIV screening conducted in the BWH ED. Since eligible participants were HIV-free at time of enrollment, we were able to calculate the prevalence of undiagnosed HIV. We used data from the Massachusetts Department of Public Health (MA/DPH) to estimate the prevalence of diagnosed HIV since the MA/DPH records the number of persons within MA who are HIV-positive. We calculated the proportion of HIV that is undiagnosed using these estimates of the prevalence of undiagnosed and diagnosed HIV. Estimates were stratified by age, sex, race/ethnicity, history of testing, and risk behaviors.<h4>Results</h4>The overall expected prevalence of diagnosed HIV in a population similar to those presenting to the BWH ED was 0.71% (95% CI: 0.63%, 0.78%). The prevalence of undiagnosed HIV was estimated at 0.22% (95% CI: 0.10%, 0.42%) and resultant overall prevalence was 0.93%. The proportion of HIV-infection that is undiagnosed in this ED-based setting was estimated to be 23.7% (95% CI: 11.6%, 34.9%) of total HIV-infections.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Despite different methodology, our estimate of the proportion of HIV that is undiagnosed in an ED-setting was similar to previous estimates based on national surveillance data. Universal routine testing programs in EDs should use these data to help plan their yield of HIV detection.
format	article
author	William M Reichmann Rochelle P Walensky Amy Case Anna Novais Christian Arbelaez Jeffrey N Katz Elena Losina
author_facet	William M Reichmann Rochelle P Walensky Amy Case Anna Novais Christian Arbelaez Jeffrey N Katz Elena Losina
author_sort	William M Reichmann
title	Estimation of the prevalence of undiagnosed and diagnosed HIV in an urban emergency department.
title_short	Estimation of the prevalence of undiagnosed and diagnosed HIV in an urban emergency department.
title_full	Estimation of the prevalence of undiagnosed and diagnosed HIV in an urban emergency department.
title_fullStr	Estimation of the prevalence of undiagnosed and diagnosed HIV in an urban emergency department.
title_full_unstemmed	Estimation of the prevalence of undiagnosed and diagnosed HIV in an urban emergency department.
title_sort	estimation of the prevalence of undiagnosed and diagnosed hiv in an urban emergency department.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/813ac0628b324efca06c5909067f6d82
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Estimation of the prevalence of undiagnosed and diagnosed HIV in an urban emergency department.

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