Distinct Patterns of P1 and C2 VEP Potentiation and Attenuation in Visual Snow: A Case Report

Visual snow syndrome, characterized by persistent flickering dots throughout the visual field, has been hypothesized to arise from abnormal neuronal responsiveness in visual processing regions. Previous research has reported a lack of typical VEP habituation to repeated stimulus presentation in pati...

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Autor principal:	Alison M. Harris
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	visual snow syndrome visual evoked potentials C2 habituation double-pulse adaptation Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/816057edcb7a42349d2513945878ec18
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:816057edcb7a42349d2513945878ec182021-11-17T04:28:31ZDistinct Patterns of P1 and C2 VEP Potentiation and Attenuation in Visual Snow: A Case Report1664-229510.3389/fneur.2021.723677https://doaj.org/article/816057edcb7a42349d2513945878ec182021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2021.723677/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-2295Visual snow syndrome, characterized by persistent flickering dots throughout the visual field, has been hypothesized to arise from abnormal neuronal responsiveness in visual processing regions. Previous research has reported a lack of typical VEP habituation to repeated stimulus presentation in patients with visual snow. Yet these studies generally used pattern-reversal paradigms, which are suboptimal for measuring cortical responses to the onset of foveal stimulation. Instead, these responses are better indexed by the C2, a pattern-onset VEP peaking 100–120 ms after stimulus onset. In this case study, we analyzed the C2 and its adaptation profile in data previously collected from a single patient with visual snow using a “double-pulse” presentation paradigm. In controls, shorter intervals between stimulus pairs were associated with greater attenuation of the C2 VEP, with recovery from adaptation at longer stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs). However, the visual snow patient showed the opposite pattern, with reduced C2 amplitude at longer SOAs despite distinct C2 peaks at the shortest SOAs. These results stand in contrast not only to the pattern of C2 VEP attenuation in controls, but also to a lack of adaptation previously reported for the pattern-onset P1 VEP in this patient. Exploratory source localization using equivalent current dipole fitting further suggested that P1 and C2 VEPs in the visual snow patient arose from distinct sources in extrastriate visual cortex. While preliminary, these results support differential patterns of VEP attenuation and potentiation within the same individual, potentially pointing toward multiple mechanisms of abnormal neuronal responsiveness in visual snow syndrome.Alison M. HarrisFrontiers Media S.A.articlevisual snow syndromevisual evoked potentialsC2habituationdouble-pulse adaptationNeurology. Diseases of the nervous systemRC346-429ENFrontiers in Neurology, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	visual snow syndrome visual evoked potentials C2 habituation double-pulse adaptation Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
spellingShingle	visual snow syndrome visual evoked potentials C2 habituation double-pulse adaptation Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429 Alison M. Harris Distinct Patterns of P1 and C2 VEP Potentiation and Attenuation in Visual Snow: A Case Report
description	Visual snow syndrome, characterized by persistent flickering dots throughout the visual field, has been hypothesized to arise from abnormal neuronal responsiveness in visual processing regions. Previous research has reported a lack of typical VEP habituation to repeated stimulus presentation in patients with visual snow. Yet these studies generally used pattern-reversal paradigms, which are suboptimal for measuring cortical responses to the onset of foveal stimulation. Instead, these responses are better indexed by the C2, a pattern-onset VEP peaking 100–120 ms after stimulus onset. In this case study, we analyzed the C2 and its adaptation profile in data previously collected from a single patient with visual snow using a “double-pulse” presentation paradigm. In controls, shorter intervals between stimulus pairs were associated with greater attenuation of the C2 VEP, with recovery from adaptation at longer stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs). However, the visual snow patient showed the opposite pattern, with reduced C2 amplitude at longer SOAs despite distinct C2 peaks at the shortest SOAs. These results stand in contrast not only to the pattern of C2 VEP attenuation in controls, but also to a lack of adaptation previously reported for the pattern-onset P1 VEP in this patient. Exploratory source localization using equivalent current dipole fitting further suggested that P1 and C2 VEPs in the visual snow patient arose from distinct sources in extrastriate visual cortex. While preliminary, these results support differential patterns of VEP attenuation and potentiation within the same individual, potentially pointing toward multiple mechanisms of abnormal neuronal responsiveness in visual snow syndrome.
format	article
author	Alison M. Harris
author_facet	Alison M. Harris
author_sort	Alison M. Harris
title	Distinct Patterns of P1 and C2 VEP Potentiation and Attenuation in Visual Snow: A Case Report
title_short	Distinct Patterns of P1 and C2 VEP Potentiation and Attenuation in Visual Snow: A Case Report
title_full	Distinct Patterns of P1 and C2 VEP Potentiation and Attenuation in Visual Snow: A Case Report
title_fullStr	Distinct Patterns of P1 and C2 VEP Potentiation and Attenuation in Visual Snow: A Case Report
title_full_unstemmed	Distinct Patterns of P1 and C2 VEP Potentiation and Attenuation in Visual Snow: A Case Report
title_sort	distinct patterns of p1 and c2 vep potentiation and attenuation in visual snow: a case report
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/816057edcb7a42349d2513945878ec18
work_keys_str_mv	AT alisonmharris distinctpatternsofp1andc2veppotentiationandattenuationinvisualsnowacasereport
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Distinct Patterns of P1 and C2 VEP Potentiation and Attenuation in Visual Snow: A Case Report

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