Effect of Variable-Density and Constant-Density Representations of Flow on Simulating Terrestrial Groundwater Discharge into a Coastal Lagoon

Terrestrial groundwater discharge (TGWD) can be an important pathway for pollutants into coastal water bodies. Thus, a reliable way to quantify it is essential for efficient coastal management practices. This study evaluated the feasibility of using constant-density models for estimating TGWD amount...

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Autores principales:	Wissam Al-Taliby, Hadeel Dekhn
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Polish Society of Ecological Engineering (PTIE) 2021
Materias:	indian river lagoon terrestrial groundwater discharge variable-density constant-density Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/81a4f1ad66eb47779b44defc04e88032
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:81a4f1ad66eb47779b44defc04e88032
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:81a4f1ad66eb47779b44defc04e880322021-11-04T08:03:23ZEffect of Variable-Density and Constant-Density Representations of Flow on Simulating Terrestrial Groundwater Discharge into a Coastal Lagoon2299-899310.12911/22998993/142915https://doaj.org/article/81a4f1ad66eb47779b44defc04e880322021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.jeeng.net/Effect-of-Variable-Density-and-Constant-Density-Representations-of-Flow-on-Simulating,142915,0,2.htmlhttps://doaj.org/toc/2299-8993Terrestrial groundwater discharge (TGWD) can be an important pathway for pollutants into coastal water bodies. Thus, a reliable way to quantify it is essential for efficient coastal management practices. This study evaluated the feasibility of using constant-density models for estimating TGWD amounts into the Indian River Lagoon, which is a variable-density estuarine environment. Constant-density models were developed using MODFLOW, while variable-density models were developed using SEAWAT. The numerical models were calibrated to match the field measured head data under the lagoon. The amounts of TGWD into the IRL and hydraulic head distributions calculated by the two codes were compared over eight pairs of numerical experiments. Two of those numerical experiments used the calibrated model and field measured conditions, while the rest of them used modified versions of the calibrated models, including variable anisotropy ratio k, variable lagoon salinity LS, and increased water table elevation by 5%. The results showed that the constant-density model is fairly accurate in estimating TGWD and head distributions at the calibrated k in the range of 1000-20,000 with an error not exceeding 9.4% under the actual measured field conditions. Even when LS was assumed to increase to ocean salinity value of 1.0, a case that rarely occurs in IRL, the calibrated constant-density model’s accuracy was not affected substantially. However, the constant-density model failed to represent the physics of the variable-density environment at k values lower than 1000, where the error exceeded 129%. Generally, the accuracy of the constant-density model was found to increase substantially at lower LS and higher water table elevations.Wissam Al-TalibyHadeel DekhnPolish Society of Ecological Engineering (PTIE)articleindian river lagoonterrestrial groundwater dischargevariable-densityconstant-densityEnvironmental technology. Sanitary engineeringTD1-1066Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENJournal of Ecological Engineering, Vol 22, Iss 11, Pp 188-197 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	indian river lagoon terrestrial groundwater discharge variable-density constant-density Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	indian river lagoon terrestrial groundwater discharge variable-density constant-density Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Wissam Al-Taliby Hadeel Dekhn Effect of Variable-Density and Constant-Density Representations of Flow on Simulating Terrestrial Groundwater Discharge into a Coastal Lagoon
description	Terrestrial groundwater discharge (TGWD) can be an important pathway for pollutants into coastal water bodies. Thus, a reliable way to quantify it is essential for efficient coastal management practices. This study evaluated the feasibility of using constant-density models for estimating TGWD amounts into the Indian River Lagoon, which is a variable-density estuarine environment. Constant-density models were developed using MODFLOW, while variable-density models were developed using SEAWAT. The numerical models were calibrated to match the field measured head data under the lagoon. The amounts of TGWD into the IRL and hydraulic head distributions calculated by the two codes were compared over eight pairs of numerical experiments. Two of those numerical experiments used the calibrated model and field measured conditions, while the rest of them used modified versions of the calibrated models, including variable anisotropy ratio k, variable lagoon salinity LS, and increased water table elevation by 5%. The results showed that the constant-density model is fairly accurate in estimating TGWD and head distributions at the calibrated k in the range of 1000-20,000 with an error not exceeding 9.4% under the actual measured field conditions. Even when LS was assumed to increase to ocean salinity value of 1.0, a case that rarely occurs in IRL, the calibrated constant-density model’s accuracy was not affected substantially. However, the constant-density model failed to represent the physics of the variable-density environment at k values lower than 1000, where the error exceeded 129%. Generally, the accuracy of the constant-density model was found to increase substantially at lower LS and higher water table elevations.
format	article
author	Wissam Al-Taliby Hadeel Dekhn
author_facet	Wissam Al-Taliby Hadeel Dekhn
author_sort	Wissam Al-Taliby
title	Effect of Variable-Density and Constant-Density Representations of Flow on Simulating Terrestrial Groundwater Discharge into a Coastal Lagoon
title_short	Effect of Variable-Density and Constant-Density Representations of Flow on Simulating Terrestrial Groundwater Discharge into a Coastal Lagoon
title_full	Effect of Variable-Density and Constant-Density Representations of Flow on Simulating Terrestrial Groundwater Discharge into a Coastal Lagoon
title_fullStr	Effect of Variable-Density and Constant-Density Representations of Flow on Simulating Terrestrial Groundwater Discharge into a Coastal Lagoon
title_full_unstemmed	Effect of Variable-Density and Constant-Density Representations of Flow on Simulating Terrestrial Groundwater Discharge into a Coastal Lagoon
title_sort	effect of variable-density and constant-density representations of flow on simulating terrestrial groundwater discharge into a coastal lagoon
publisher	Polish Society of Ecological Engineering (PTIE)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/81a4f1ad66eb47779b44defc04e88032
work_keys_str_mv	AT wissamaltaliby effectofvariabledensityandconstantdensityrepresentationsofflowonsimulatingterrestrialgroundwaterdischargeintoacoastallagoon AT hadeeldekhn effectofvariabledensityandconstantdensityrepresentationsofflowonsimulatingterrestrialgroundwaterdischargeintoacoastallagoon
_version_	1718445032650833920

Effect of Variable-Density and Constant-Density Representations of Flow on Simulating Terrestrial Groundwater Discharge into a Coastal Lagoon

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