Cellular responses induced by multi-walled carbon nanotubes: in vivo and in vitro studies on the medicinal leech macrophages

Abstract The core characteristics of multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are impressive and attractive for technology however, since their production and use is steadily increasing, their environmental dispersion could be potentially hazardous to animal and human health. For this reason, the identi...

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Autores principales:	Rossana Girardello, Nicolò Baranzini, Gianluca Tettamanti, Magda de Eguileor, Annalisa Grimaldi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/81ae94ba0b314fe19a75c65a590fb5ce
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:81ae94ba0b314fe19a75c65a590fb5ce2021-12-02T11:40:52ZCellular responses induced by multi-walled carbon nanotubes: in vivo and in vitro studies on the medicinal leech macrophages10.1038/s41598-017-09011-92045-2322https://doaj.org/article/81ae94ba0b314fe19a75c65a590fb5ce2017-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-09011-9https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The core characteristics of multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are impressive and attractive for technology however, since their production and use is steadily increasing, their environmental dispersion could be potentially hazardous to animal and human health. For this reason, the identification of new methods and of reliable models to better understand MWCNT effects is essential. Here we propose the medicinal leech as an alternative model to assess the effects of MWCNTs on immune system. Our previous studies have already demonstrated that in vivo MWCNT treatment induces the activation of leech’s macrophages. Here we will focus on the direct effects of MWCNTs on these cells by isolating and culturing leech's macrophages by means of the consolidated Matrigel technique, followed by MWCNT in vitro treatment. Our results indicate that MWCNT administration causes both the decrease of cell proliferation rate and the increase of the apoptotic rate. Furthermore, since oxidative stress is linked with inflammation, reactive oxygen species has been evaluated confirming that their production rate increases after MWCNT treatment. Our experimental approaches demonstrate the ability of MWCNTs inducing a powerful inflammatory response and confirm that the medicinal leech is a good alternative model to study the possible harmful effects of any nanomaterial.Rossana GirardelloNicolò BaranziniGianluca TettamantiMagda de EguileorAnnalisa GrimaldiNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Rossana Girardello Nicolò Baranzini Gianluca Tettamanti Magda de Eguileor Annalisa Grimaldi Cellular responses induced by multi-walled carbon nanotubes: in vivo and in vitro studies on the medicinal leech macrophages
description	Abstract The core characteristics of multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are impressive and attractive for technology however, since their production and use is steadily increasing, their environmental dispersion could be potentially hazardous to animal and human health. For this reason, the identification of new methods and of reliable models to better understand MWCNT effects is essential. Here we propose the medicinal leech as an alternative model to assess the effects of MWCNTs on immune system. Our previous studies have already demonstrated that in vivo MWCNT treatment induces the activation of leech’s macrophages. Here we will focus on the direct effects of MWCNTs on these cells by isolating and culturing leech's macrophages by means of the consolidated Matrigel technique, followed by MWCNT in vitro treatment. Our results indicate that MWCNT administration causes both the decrease of cell proliferation rate and the increase of the apoptotic rate. Furthermore, since oxidative stress is linked with inflammation, reactive oxygen species has been evaluated confirming that their production rate increases after MWCNT treatment. Our experimental approaches demonstrate the ability of MWCNTs inducing a powerful inflammatory response and confirm that the medicinal leech is a good alternative model to study the possible harmful effects of any nanomaterial.
format	article
author	Rossana Girardello Nicolò Baranzini Gianluca Tettamanti Magda de Eguileor Annalisa Grimaldi
author_facet	Rossana Girardello Nicolò Baranzini Gianluca Tettamanti Magda de Eguileor Annalisa Grimaldi
author_sort	Rossana Girardello
title	Cellular responses induced by multi-walled carbon nanotubes: in vivo and in vitro studies on the medicinal leech macrophages
title_short	Cellular responses induced by multi-walled carbon nanotubes: in vivo and in vitro studies on the medicinal leech macrophages
title_full	Cellular responses induced by multi-walled carbon nanotubes: in vivo and in vitro studies on the medicinal leech macrophages
title_fullStr	Cellular responses induced by multi-walled carbon nanotubes: in vivo and in vitro studies on the medicinal leech macrophages
title_full_unstemmed	Cellular responses induced by multi-walled carbon nanotubes: in vivo and in vitro studies on the medicinal leech macrophages
title_sort	cellular responses induced by multi-walled carbon nanotubes: in vivo and in vitro studies on the medicinal leech macrophages
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/81ae94ba0b314fe19a75c65a590fb5ce
work_keys_str_mv	AT rossanagirardello cellularresponsesinducedbymultiwalledcarbonnanotubesinvivoandinvitrostudiesonthemedicinalleechmacrophages AT nicolobaranzini cellularresponsesinducedbymultiwalledcarbonnanotubesinvivoandinvitrostudiesonthemedicinalleechmacrophages AT gianlucatettamanti cellularresponsesinducedbymultiwalledcarbonnanotubesinvivoandinvitrostudiesonthemedicinalleechmacrophages AT magdadeeguileor cellularresponsesinducedbymultiwalledcarbonnanotubesinvivoandinvitrostudiesonthemedicinalleechmacrophages AT annalisagrimaldi cellularresponsesinducedbymultiwalledcarbonnanotubesinvivoandinvitrostudiesonthemedicinalleechmacrophages
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Cellular responses induced by multi-walled carbon nanotubes: in vivo and in vitro studies on the medicinal leech macrophages

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