Air Pollution in Kazakhstan and Its Health Risk Assessment

Background: Air pollution in Kazakhstan is caused by many factors and poses serious threats to public health. Ambient air in the cities of Kazakhstan is polluted due to mining and processing of mineral resources, oil and gas production, gasoline and diesel fuel motor vehicles, industrial enterprises...

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Autores principales:	D. Kenessary, A. Kenessary, Z. Adilgereiuly, N. Akzholova, A. Erzhanova, A. Dosmukhametov, D. Syzdykov, Abdul-Razak Masoud, Timur Saliev
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Ubiquity Press 2019
Materias:	Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/81b46dc81f5f491d8e59a9d53c408c9e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:81b46dc81f5f491d8e59a9d53c408c9e2021-12-02T02:26:26ZAir Pollution in Kazakhstan and Its Health Risk Assessment2214-999610.5334/aogh.2535https://doaj.org/article/81b46dc81f5f491d8e59a9d53c408c9e2019-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://annalsofglobalhealth.org/articles/2535https://doaj.org/toc/2214-9996Background: Air pollution in Kazakhstan is caused by many factors and poses serious threats to public health. Ambient air in the cities of Kazakhstan is polluted due to mining and processing of mineral resources, oil and gas production, gasoline and diesel fuel motor vehicles, industrial enterprises. Objective: The study aim is to assess the air pollution degree in most significant settlements of Kazakhstan and define risk levels for the population health. Ambient air monitoring was conducted in 26 cities. Air pollution severity was assessed by the analysis results and processing of air samples taken at the stationary observation posts. Health risk assessment due to chemical factors was calculated according to the approved risk assessment methodology. Findings: There is high risk of acute adverse effects risk from suspended particles, oxides and dioxides of nitrogen and sulfur in almost all of the studied cities. The most unfavorable situation is in Ust-Kamenogorsk. Also, there is the adverse chronic effects risk caused by suspended particles exposure in majority of the studied cities. Extremely high chronic effects risk as a result of heavy metals exposure was detected in Ust-Kamenogorsk, Shymkent, Almaty, Taraz and Balkhash. Unacceptable carcinogenic risk levels have been determined for professional groups and the whole population with respect to cadmium in Shymkent, Almaty, Balkhash; arsenic in Shymkent, Almaty, Balkhash; lead in Taraz; chromium – in Shymkent, Aktobe, Almaty and Balkhash. Thus, the values of the hazard quotients and indices for acute and chronic exposure in most of the studied cities of Kazakhstan exceed the permissible level equal to 1.0. Conclusion: Due to the unacceptable risk levels in the cities it is strongly recommended to conduct a detailed study of the health status of the population depending on the air pollution.D. KenessaryA. KenessaryZ. AdilgereiulyN. AkzholovaA. ErzhanovaA. DosmukhametovD. SyzdykovAbdul-Razak MasoudTimur SalievUbiquity PressarticleInfectious and parasitic diseasesRC109-216Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENAnnals of Global Health, Vol 85, Iss 1 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 D. Kenessary A. Kenessary Z. Adilgereiuly N. Akzholova A. Erzhanova A. Dosmukhametov D. Syzdykov Abdul-Razak Masoud Timur Saliev Air Pollution in Kazakhstan and Its Health Risk Assessment
description	Background: Air pollution in Kazakhstan is caused by many factors and poses serious threats to public health. Ambient air in the cities of Kazakhstan is polluted due to mining and processing of mineral resources, oil and gas production, gasoline and diesel fuel motor vehicles, industrial enterprises. Objective: The study aim is to assess the air pollution degree in most significant settlements of Kazakhstan and define risk levels for the population health. Ambient air monitoring was conducted in 26 cities. Air pollution severity was assessed by the analysis results and processing of air samples taken at the stationary observation posts. Health risk assessment due to chemical factors was calculated according to the approved risk assessment methodology. Findings: There is high risk of acute adverse effects risk from suspended particles, oxides and dioxides of nitrogen and sulfur in almost all of the studied cities. The most unfavorable situation is in Ust-Kamenogorsk. Also, there is the adverse chronic effects risk caused by suspended particles exposure in majority of the studied cities. Extremely high chronic effects risk as a result of heavy metals exposure was detected in Ust-Kamenogorsk, Shymkent, Almaty, Taraz and Balkhash. Unacceptable carcinogenic risk levels have been determined for professional groups and the whole population with respect to cadmium in Shymkent, Almaty, Balkhash; arsenic in Shymkent, Almaty, Balkhash; lead in Taraz; chromium – in Shymkent, Aktobe, Almaty and Balkhash. Thus, the values of the hazard quotients and indices for acute and chronic exposure in most of the studied cities of Kazakhstan exceed the permissible level equal to 1.0. Conclusion: Due to the unacceptable risk levels in the cities it is strongly recommended to conduct a detailed study of the health status of the population depending on the air pollution.
format	article
author	D. Kenessary A. Kenessary Z. Adilgereiuly N. Akzholova A. Erzhanova A. Dosmukhametov D. Syzdykov Abdul-Razak Masoud Timur Saliev
author_facet	D. Kenessary A. Kenessary Z. Adilgereiuly N. Akzholova A. Erzhanova A. Dosmukhametov D. Syzdykov Abdul-Razak Masoud Timur Saliev
author_sort	D. Kenessary
title	Air Pollution in Kazakhstan and Its Health Risk Assessment
title_short	Air Pollution in Kazakhstan and Its Health Risk Assessment
title_full	Air Pollution in Kazakhstan and Its Health Risk Assessment
title_fullStr	Air Pollution in Kazakhstan and Its Health Risk Assessment
title_full_unstemmed	Air Pollution in Kazakhstan and Its Health Risk Assessment
title_sort	air pollution in kazakhstan and its health risk assessment
publisher	Ubiquity Press
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/81b46dc81f5f491d8e59a9d53c408c9e
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Air Pollution in Kazakhstan and Its Health Risk Assessment

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