Comparative assessment of the cytotoxicity of six anti-inflammatory eyedrops in four cultured ocular surface cell lines, as determined by cell viability scores

Masahiko Ayaki,1 Atsuo Iwasawa,2 Yoshimi Niwano31Department of Ophthalmology, International University of Health and Welfare, Mita Hospital, Tokyo, 2Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 3Laboratory for Redox Regulatio...

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Autores principales:	Ayaki M, Iwasawa A, Niwano Y
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2012
Materias:	Ophthalmology RE1-994
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/81c0dd19315843d797b144800ae450c4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:81c0dd19315843d797b144800ae450c42021-12-02T00:31:12ZComparative assessment of the cytotoxicity of six anti-inflammatory eyedrops in four cultured ocular surface cell lines, as determined by cell viability scores1177-54671177-5483https://doaj.org/article/81c0dd19315843d797b144800ae450c42012-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/comparative-assessment-of-the-cytotoxicity-of-six-anti-inflammatory-ey-a11516https://doaj.org/toc/1177-5467https://doaj.org/toc/1177-5483Masahiko Ayaki,1 Atsuo Iwasawa,2 Yoshimi Niwano31Department of Ophthalmology, International University of Health and Welfare, Mita Hospital, Tokyo, 2Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 3Laboratory for Redox Regulation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, JapanPurpose: Anti-inflammatory eyedrops are often used in the treatment of corneal epithelial disorders. In the present study, we evaluated the cytotoxicity of six anti-inflammatory eyedrops in four ocular surface cell lines.Methods: The cytotoxicity of six commercially available anti-inflammatory ophthalmic solutions (ie, diclofenac, bromfenac, pranoprofen, betamethasone, and fluoromethorone) was assessed in three corneal cell lines and one conjunctival cell line. Cell viability was determined by the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2 thiazoyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide and neutral red assays after exposing the cells to 10, 30, and 60 minutes of onefold, twofold, and tenfold dilutions of the drugs. Cytotoxicity was compared using the cell viability score (CVS), an integrated cytotoxic parameter that takes various factors into account, such as dilution by tear fluid or concentration by evaporation, drug exposure time, and ocular surface cell type.Results: Based on the CVS scores, the order of the anti-inflammatory eyedrops tested from least to most cytotoxic, with the active ingredient %CVS50, and %CVS40/80 for each solution given in parentheses, was as follows: Rinderon&reg; (betamethasone, 100%, 100%) &gt;0.02% Flumethoron&reg; (fluoromethorone, 68%, 22%) = 0.1% Flumethoron&reg; (fluoromethorone, 76%, 22%) &gt;Bronuck&reg; (0.1% bromfenac, 53%, &minus;8%) = Diclod&reg; (0.1% diclofenac, 44%, &minus;15%) = Niflan&reg; (pranoprofen, 50%, &minus;19%). Rinderon&reg; exhibited the least toxicity of all the anti-inflammatory eyedrops tested. Eyedrops containing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs exhibited greater cytotoxicity than those containing steroids with benzalkonium at comparable concentrations. Concentration was the most significant factor affecting cell viability.Conclusion: The cytotoxicity of the anti-inflammatory eyedrops evaluated in the present study depended on both the pharmaceutical components and preservatives. The CVS is a concise indicator of drug cytotoxicity.Keywords: benzalkonium chloride, toxicity, cornea, cell viability score, anti-inflammatory drugAyaki MIwasawa ANiwano YDove Medical PressarticleOphthalmologyRE1-994ENClinical Ophthalmology, Vol 2012, Iss default, Pp 1879-1884 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Ophthalmology RE1-994
spellingShingle	Ophthalmology RE1-994 Ayaki M Iwasawa A Niwano Y Comparative assessment of the cytotoxicity of six anti-inflammatory eyedrops in four cultured ocular surface cell lines, as determined by cell viability scores
description	Masahiko Ayaki,1 Atsuo Iwasawa,2 Yoshimi Niwano31Department of Ophthalmology, International University of Health and Welfare, Mita Hospital, Tokyo, 2Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 3Laboratory for Redox Regulation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, JapanPurpose: Anti-inflammatory eyedrops are often used in the treatment of corneal epithelial disorders. In the present study, we evaluated the cytotoxicity of six anti-inflammatory eyedrops in four ocular surface cell lines.Methods: The cytotoxicity of six commercially available anti-inflammatory ophthalmic solutions (ie, diclofenac, bromfenac, pranoprofen, betamethasone, and fluoromethorone) was assessed in three corneal cell lines and one conjunctival cell line. Cell viability was determined by the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2 thiazoyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide and neutral red assays after exposing the cells to 10, 30, and 60 minutes of onefold, twofold, and tenfold dilutions of the drugs. Cytotoxicity was compared using the cell viability score (CVS), an integrated cytotoxic parameter that takes various factors into account, such as dilution by tear fluid or concentration by evaporation, drug exposure time, and ocular surface cell type.Results: Based on the CVS scores, the order of the anti-inflammatory eyedrops tested from least to most cytotoxic, with the active ingredient %CVS50, and %CVS40/80 for each solution given in parentheses, was as follows: Rinderon&reg; (betamethasone, 100%, 100%) &gt;0.02% Flumethoron&reg; (fluoromethorone, 68%, 22%) = 0.1% Flumethoron&reg; (fluoromethorone, 76%, 22%) &gt;Bronuck&reg; (0.1% bromfenac, 53%, &minus;8%) = Diclod&reg; (0.1% diclofenac, 44%, &minus;15%) = Niflan&reg; (pranoprofen, 50%, &minus;19%). Rinderon&reg; exhibited the least toxicity of all the anti-inflammatory eyedrops tested. Eyedrops containing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs exhibited greater cytotoxicity than those containing steroids with benzalkonium at comparable concentrations. Concentration was the most significant factor affecting cell viability.Conclusion: The cytotoxicity of the anti-inflammatory eyedrops evaluated in the present study depended on both the pharmaceutical components and preservatives. The CVS is a concise indicator of drug cytotoxicity.Keywords: benzalkonium chloride, toxicity, cornea, cell viability score, anti-inflammatory drug
format	article
author	Ayaki M Iwasawa A Niwano Y
author_facet	Ayaki M Iwasawa A Niwano Y
author_sort	Ayaki M
title	Comparative assessment of the cytotoxicity of six anti-inflammatory eyedrops in four cultured ocular surface cell lines, as determined by cell viability scores
title_short	Comparative assessment of the cytotoxicity of six anti-inflammatory eyedrops in four cultured ocular surface cell lines, as determined by cell viability scores
title_full	Comparative assessment of the cytotoxicity of six anti-inflammatory eyedrops in four cultured ocular surface cell lines, as determined by cell viability scores
title_fullStr	Comparative assessment of the cytotoxicity of six anti-inflammatory eyedrops in four cultured ocular surface cell lines, as determined by cell viability scores
title_full_unstemmed	Comparative assessment of the cytotoxicity of six anti-inflammatory eyedrops in four cultured ocular surface cell lines, as determined by cell viability scores
title_sort	comparative assessment of the cytotoxicity of six anti-inflammatory eyedrops in four cultured ocular surface cell lines, as determined by cell viability scores
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/81c0dd19315843d797b144800ae450c4
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Comparative assessment of the cytotoxicity of six anti-inflammatory eyedrops in four cultured ocular surface cell lines, as determined by cell viability scores

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