Monkey steering responses reveal rapid visual-motor feedback.

The neural mechanisms underlying primate locomotion are largely unknown. While behavioral and theoretical work has provided a number of ideas of how navigation is controlled, progress will require direct physiolgical tests of the underlying mechanisms. In turn, this will require development of appro...

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Autores principales:	Seth W Egger, Heidi R Engelhardt, Kenneth H Britten
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2010
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/81c6991c879f4a75abb913092d6f32ce
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:81c6991c879f4a75abb913092d6f32ce
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:81c6991c879f4a75abb913092d6f32ce2021-11-18T06:36:26ZMonkey steering responses reveal rapid visual-motor feedback.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0011975https://doaj.org/article/81c6991c879f4a75abb913092d6f32ce2010-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/20694144/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203The neural mechanisms underlying primate locomotion are largely unknown. While behavioral and theoretical work has provided a number of ideas of how navigation is controlled, progress will require direct physiolgical tests of the underlying mechanisms. In turn, this will require development of appropriate animal models. We trained three monkeys to track a moving visual target in a simple virtual environment, using a joystick to control their direction. The monkeys learned to quickly and accurately turn to the target, and their steering behavior was quite stereotyped and reliable. Monkeys typically responded to abrupt steps of target direction with a biphasic steering movement, exhibiting modest but transient overshoot. Response latencies averaged approximately 300 ms, and monkeys were typically back on target after about 1 s. We also exploited the variability of responses about the mean to explore the time-course of correlation between target direction and steering response. This analysis revealed a broad peak of correlation spanning approximately 400 ms in the recent past, during which steering errors provoke a compensatory response. This suggests a continuous, visual-motor loop controls steering behavior, even during the epoch surrounding transient inputs. Many results from the human literature also suggest that steering is controlled by such a closed loop. The similarity of our results to those in humans suggests the monkey is a very good animal model for human visually guided steering.Seth W EggerHeidi R EngelhardtKenneth H BrittenPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 5, Iss 8, p e11975 (2010)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Seth W Egger Heidi R Engelhardt Kenneth H Britten Monkey steering responses reveal rapid visual-motor feedback.
description	The neural mechanisms underlying primate locomotion are largely unknown. While behavioral and theoretical work has provided a number of ideas of how navigation is controlled, progress will require direct physiolgical tests of the underlying mechanisms. In turn, this will require development of appropriate animal models. We trained three monkeys to track a moving visual target in a simple virtual environment, using a joystick to control their direction. The monkeys learned to quickly and accurately turn to the target, and their steering behavior was quite stereotyped and reliable. Monkeys typically responded to abrupt steps of target direction with a biphasic steering movement, exhibiting modest but transient overshoot. Response latencies averaged approximately 300 ms, and monkeys were typically back on target after about 1 s. We also exploited the variability of responses about the mean to explore the time-course of correlation between target direction and steering response. This analysis revealed a broad peak of correlation spanning approximately 400 ms in the recent past, during which steering errors provoke a compensatory response. This suggests a continuous, visual-motor loop controls steering behavior, even during the epoch surrounding transient inputs. Many results from the human literature also suggest that steering is controlled by such a closed loop. The similarity of our results to those in humans suggests the monkey is a very good animal model for human visually guided steering.
format	article
author	Seth W Egger Heidi R Engelhardt Kenneth H Britten
author_facet	Seth W Egger Heidi R Engelhardt Kenneth H Britten
author_sort	Seth W Egger
title	Monkey steering responses reveal rapid visual-motor feedback.
title_short	Monkey steering responses reveal rapid visual-motor feedback.
title_full	Monkey steering responses reveal rapid visual-motor feedback.
title_fullStr	Monkey steering responses reveal rapid visual-motor feedback.
title_full_unstemmed	Monkey steering responses reveal rapid visual-motor feedback.
title_sort	monkey steering responses reveal rapid visual-motor feedback.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2010
url	https://doaj.org/article/81c6991c879f4a75abb913092d6f32ce
work_keys_str_mv	AT sethwegger monkeysteeringresponsesrevealrapidvisualmotorfeedback AT heidirengelhardt monkeysteeringresponsesrevealrapidvisualmotorfeedback AT kennethhbritten monkeysteeringresponsesrevealrapidvisualmotorfeedback
_version_	1718424425518333952

Monkey steering responses reveal rapid visual-motor feedback.

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