A fatal case of acute encephalopathy in a child due to coxsackievirus A2 infection: a case report

Abstract Background Certain types of enteroviruses, including coxsackieviruses, cause encephalitis, and other neurological complications. However, these pathogens rarely cause fatal infections, especially in immunocompetent infants. In this study, we present a rare case of acute encephalopathy cause...

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Autores principales:	Tomonori Nagai, Nozomu Hanaoka, Harutaka Katano, Masami Konagaya, Keiko Tanaka-Taya, Hiroyuki Shimizu, Toshiji Mukai, Tsuguto Fujimoto
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	Encephalopathy Coxsackievirus A2 Sudden death Autopsy Case report Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/81f59bf61c124cc9ab6a6eb5a33ed5e0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:81f59bf61c124cc9ab6a6eb5a33ed5e02021-11-21T12:42:37ZA fatal case of acute encephalopathy in a child due to coxsackievirus A2 infection: a case report10.1186/s12879-021-06858-21471-2334https://doaj.org/article/81f59bf61c124cc9ab6a6eb5a33ed5e02021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-06858-2https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2334Abstract Background Certain types of enteroviruses, including coxsackieviruses, cause encephalitis, and other neurological complications. However, these pathogens rarely cause fatal infections, especially in immunocompetent infants. In this study, we present a rare case of acute encephalopathy caused by coxsackievirus A2 (CV-A2), which progressed rapidly in a previously healthy female child. Case presentation In June 2013, a 26-month-old female child from Kanagawa, Japan, was found unresponsive during sleep. She was healthy until that morning. Her temperature was 37 °C at 08:00. She was feeling fine and went to the nursery that same morning. However, her condition worsened around noon. Therefore, she went home and slept at around 13:00. Surprisingly, after 2 h, her parents checked on her and found that she was lying on her back and was not breathing. Hence, she was immediately taken to a hospital by ambulance, but she was declared dead on arrival at the hospital. Subsequently, pathological autopsy and pathogenetic analysis, including multiple pathogen detection real-time PCR, were conducted to investigate the cause of death. The examination results revealed that she had an infectious respiratory disease and acute encephalopathy due to a CV-A2 infection. Conclusions Based on our findings, we concluded that a previously healthy girl who had no immediate history of underlying medical condition were susceptible to death by acute encephalopathy due to CV-A2 infections. We proposed this conclusion because the patient’s condition progressed rapidly in less than 2 h and eventually led to her death. This is the first report on an acute encephalitis-dependent death in a child due to CV-A2 infection.Tomonori NagaiNozomu HanaokaHarutaka KatanoMasami KonagayaKeiko Tanaka-TayaHiroyuki ShimizuToshiji MukaiTsuguto FujimotoBMCarticleEncephalopathyCoxsackievirus A2Sudden deathAutopsyCase reportInfectious and parasitic diseasesRC109-216ENBMC Infectious Diseases, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-5 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Encephalopathy Coxsackievirus A2 Sudden death Autopsy Case report Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
spellingShingle	Encephalopathy Coxsackievirus A2 Sudden death Autopsy Case report Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Tomonori Nagai Nozomu Hanaoka Harutaka Katano Masami Konagaya Keiko Tanaka-Taya Hiroyuki Shimizu Toshiji Mukai Tsuguto Fujimoto A fatal case of acute encephalopathy in a child due to coxsackievirus A2 infection: a case report
description	Abstract Background Certain types of enteroviruses, including coxsackieviruses, cause encephalitis, and other neurological complications. However, these pathogens rarely cause fatal infections, especially in immunocompetent infants. In this study, we present a rare case of acute encephalopathy caused by coxsackievirus A2 (CV-A2), which progressed rapidly in a previously healthy female child. Case presentation In June 2013, a 26-month-old female child from Kanagawa, Japan, was found unresponsive during sleep. She was healthy until that morning. Her temperature was 37 °C at 08:00. She was feeling fine and went to the nursery that same morning. However, her condition worsened around noon. Therefore, she went home and slept at around 13:00. Surprisingly, after 2 h, her parents checked on her and found that she was lying on her back and was not breathing. Hence, she was immediately taken to a hospital by ambulance, but she was declared dead on arrival at the hospital. Subsequently, pathological autopsy and pathogenetic analysis, including multiple pathogen detection real-time PCR, were conducted to investigate the cause of death. The examination results revealed that she had an infectious respiratory disease and acute encephalopathy due to a CV-A2 infection. Conclusions Based on our findings, we concluded that a previously healthy girl who had no immediate history of underlying medical condition were susceptible to death by acute encephalopathy due to CV-A2 infections. We proposed this conclusion because the patient’s condition progressed rapidly in less than 2 h and eventually led to her death. This is the first report on an acute encephalitis-dependent death in a child due to CV-A2 infection.
format	article
author	Tomonori Nagai Nozomu Hanaoka Harutaka Katano Masami Konagaya Keiko Tanaka-Taya Hiroyuki Shimizu Toshiji Mukai Tsuguto Fujimoto
author_facet	Tomonori Nagai Nozomu Hanaoka Harutaka Katano Masami Konagaya Keiko Tanaka-Taya Hiroyuki Shimizu Toshiji Mukai Tsuguto Fujimoto
author_sort	Tomonori Nagai
title	A fatal case of acute encephalopathy in a child due to coxsackievirus A2 infection: a case report
title_short	A fatal case of acute encephalopathy in a child due to coxsackievirus A2 infection: a case report
title_full	A fatal case of acute encephalopathy in a child due to coxsackievirus A2 infection: a case report
title_fullStr	A fatal case of acute encephalopathy in a child due to coxsackievirus A2 infection: a case report
title_full_unstemmed	A fatal case of acute encephalopathy in a child due to coxsackievirus A2 infection: a case report
title_sort	fatal case of acute encephalopathy in a child due to coxsackievirus a2 infection: a case report
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/81f59bf61c124cc9ab6a6eb5a33ed5e0
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A fatal case of acute encephalopathy in a child due to coxsackievirus A2 infection: a case report

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