Fabrication of Graphene/Zinc Oxide Nano-Heterostructure for Hydrogen Sensing

In this study, hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>) and methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) were used as reactive gases, and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) was used to grow single-layer graphene on a copper foil substrate. The single-layer graphene obtained was transferred to a single-crystal sili...

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Autores principales:	Yang-Ming Lu, Chi-Feng Tseng, Bing-Yi Lan, Chia-Fen Hsieh
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	graphene zinc oxide CVD hydrothermal sensor Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/81f6beef1c964517b3c7ad65003e87e1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:81f6beef1c964517b3c7ad65003e87e12021-11-25T18:14:55ZFabrication of Graphene/Zinc Oxide Nano-Heterostructure for Hydrogen Sensing10.3390/ma142269431996-1944https://doaj.org/article/81f6beef1c964517b3c7ad65003e87e12021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/22/6943https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944In this study, hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>) and methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) were used as reactive gases, and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) was used to grow single-layer graphene on a copper foil substrate. The single-layer graphene obtained was transferred to a single-crystal silicon substrate by PMMA transfer technology for the subsequent growth of nano zinc oxide. The characteristics of CVD-deposited graphene were analyzed by a Raman spectrometer, an optical microscope, a four-point probe, and an ultraviolet/visible spectrometer. The sol–gel method was applied to prepare the zinc oxide seed layer film with the spin-coating method, with methanol, zinc acetate, and sodium hydroxide as the precursors for growing ZnO nanostructures. On top of the ZnO seed layer, a one-dimensional zinc oxide nanostructure was grown by a hydrothermal method at 95 °C, using a zinc nitrate and hexamethylenetetramine mixture solution. The characteristics of the nano zinc oxide were analyzed by scanning electron microscope(SEM),x-ray diffractometer(XRD), and Raman spectrometer. The obtained graphene/zinc oxide nano-heterostructure sensor has a sensitivity of 1.06 at a sensing temperature of 205 °C and a concentration of hydrogen as low as 5 ppm, with excellent sensing repeatability. The main reason for this is that the zinc oxide nanostructure has a large specific surface area, and many oxygen vacancy defects exist on its surface. In addition, the P–N heterojunction formed between the n-type zinc oxide and the p-type graphene also contributes to hydrogen sensing.Yang-Ming LuChi-Feng TsengBing-Yi LanChia-Fen HsiehMDPI AGarticlegraphenezinc oxideCVDhydrothermalsensorTechnologyTElectrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringTK1-9971Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040MicroscopyQH201-278.5Descriptive and experimental mechanicsQC120-168.85ENMaterials, Vol 14, Iss 6943, p 6943 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	graphene zinc oxide CVD hydrothermal sensor Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
spellingShingle	graphene zinc oxide CVD hydrothermal sensor Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85 Yang-Ming Lu Chi-Feng Tseng Bing-Yi Lan Chia-Fen Hsieh Fabrication of Graphene/Zinc Oxide Nano-Heterostructure for Hydrogen Sensing
description	In this study, hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>) and methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) were used as reactive gases, and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) was used to grow single-layer graphene on a copper foil substrate. The single-layer graphene obtained was transferred to a single-crystal silicon substrate by PMMA transfer technology for the subsequent growth of nano zinc oxide. The characteristics of CVD-deposited graphene were analyzed by a Raman spectrometer, an optical microscope, a four-point probe, and an ultraviolet/visible spectrometer. The sol–gel method was applied to prepare the zinc oxide seed layer film with the spin-coating method, with methanol, zinc acetate, and sodium hydroxide as the precursors for growing ZnO nanostructures. On top of the ZnO seed layer, a one-dimensional zinc oxide nanostructure was grown by a hydrothermal method at 95 °C, using a zinc nitrate and hexamethylenetetramine mixture solution. The characteristics of the nano zinc oxide were analyzed by scanning electron microscope(SEM),x-ray diffractometer(XRD), and Raman spectrometer. The obtained graphene/zinc oxide nano-heterostructure sensor has a sensitivity of 1.06 at a sensing temperature of 205 °C and a concentration of hydrogen as low as 5 ppm, with excellent sensing repeatability. The main reason for this is that the zinc oxide nanostructure has a large specific surface area, and many oxygen vacancy defects exist on its surface. In addition, the P–N heterojunction formed between the n-type zinc oxide and the p-type graphene also contributes to hydrogen sensing.
format	article
author	Yang-Ming Lu Chi-Feng Tseng Bing-Yi Lan Chia-Fen Hsieh
author_facet	Yang-Ming Lu Chi-Feng Tseng Bing-Yi Lan Chia-Fen Hsieh
author_sort	Yang-Ming Lu
title	Fabrication of Graphene/Zinc Oxide Nano-Heterostructure for Hydrogen Sensing
title_short	Fabrication of Graphene/Zinc Oxide Nano-Heterostructure for Hydrogen Sensing
title_full	Fabrication of Graphene/Zinc Oxide Nano-Heterostructure for Hydrogen Sensing
title_fullStr	Fabrication of Graphene/Zinc Oxide Nano-Heterostructure for Hydrogen Sensing
title_full_unstemmed	Fabrication of Graphene/Zinc Oxide Nano-Heterostructure for Hydrogen Sensing
title_sort	fabrication of graphene/zinc oxide nano-heterostructure for hydrogen sensing
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/81f6beef1c964517b3c7ad65003e87e1
work_keys_str_mv	AT yangminglu fabricationofgraphenezincoxidenanoheterostructureforhydrogensensing AT chifengtseng fabricationofgraphenezincoxidenanoheterostructureforhydrogensensing AT bingyilan fabricationofgraphenezincoxidenanoheterostructureforhydrogensensing AT chiafenhsieh fabricationofgraphenezincoxidenanoheterostructureforhydrogensensing
_version_	1718411447579443200

Fabrication of Graphene/Zinc Oxide Nano-Heterostructure for Hydrogen Sensing

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