Impact of Serum γ-Glutamyltransferase on Overall Survival in Men with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Treated with Docetaxel

Background: Reports on the prognostic significance of serum γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) are limited. In addition, GGT expression status in cancer tissues has not been well characterized regardless of cancer types. Methods: This retr...

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Autores principales:	Minami Une, Kosuke Takemura, Kentaro Inamura, Hiroshi Fukushima, Masaya Ito, Shuichiro Kobayashi, Takeshi Yuasa, Junji Yonese, Philip G. Board, Fumitaka Koga
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	γ-glutamyltransferase prognosis prostatic neoplasms serologic tests Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/820ac39c2529435ab320d5bc0adf0316
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:820ac39c2529435ab320d5bc0adf03162021-11-11T15:36:12ZImpact of Serum γ-Glutamyltransferase on Overall Survival in Men with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Treated with Docetaxel10.3390/cancers132155872072-6694https://doaj.org/article/820ac39c2529435ab320d5bc0adf03162021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/21/5587https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6694Background: Reports on the prognostic significance of serum γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) are limited. In addition, GGT expression status in cancer tissues has not been well characterized regardless of cancer types. Methods: This retrospective study included 107 consecutive men with mCRPC receiving docetaxel therapy. The primary endpoints were associations of serum GGT with overall survival (OS) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response. The secondary endpoint was an association of serum GGT with progression-free survival (PFS). Additionally, GGT expression status was immunohistochemically semi-quantified using tissue microarrays. Results: A total of 67 (63%) men died during follow-up periods (median 22.5 months for survivors). On multivariable analysis, high Log GGT was independently associated with adverse OS (HR 1.49, <i>p</i> = 0.006) as were low hemoglobin (HR 0.79, <i>p</i> = 0.002) and high PSA (HR 1.40, <i>p</i> < 0.001). In contrast, serum GGT was not significantly associated with PSA response or PFS. Moreover, incorporation of serum GGT into established prognostic models (i.e., Halabi and Smaletz models) increased their C-indices for predicting OS from 0.772 to 0.787 (<i>p</i> = 0.066) and from 0.777 to 0.785 (<i>p</i> = 0.118), respectively. Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between serum and tissue GGT levels (ρ = 0.53, <i>p</i> = 0.003). Conclusions: Serum GGT may be a prognostic biomarker in men with mCRPC receiving docetaxel therapy. GGT overexpression by prostate cancer cells appears to be responsible for the elevation of GGT in the serum.Minami UneKosuke TakemuraKentaro InamuraHiroshi FukushimaMasaya ItoShuichiro KobayashiTakeshi YuasaJunji YonesePhilip G. BoardFumitaka KogaMDPI AGarticleγ-glutamyltransferaseprognosisprostatic neoplasmsserologic testsNeoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensRC254-282ENCancers, Vol 13, Iss 5587, p 5587 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	γ-glutamyltransferase prognosis prostatic neoplasms serologic tests Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
spellingShingle	γ-glutamyltransferase prognosis prostatic neoplasms serologic tests Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282 Minami Une Kosuke Takemura Kentaro Inamura Hiroshi Fukushima Masaya Ito Shuichiro Kobayashi Takeshi Yuasa Junji Yonese Philip G. Board Fumitaka Koga Impact of Serum γ-Glutamyltransferase on Overall Survival in Men with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Treated with Docetaxel
description	Background: Reports on the prognostic significance of serum γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) are limited. In addition, GGT expression status in cancer tissues has not been well characterized regardless of cancer types. Methods: This retrospective study included 107 consecutive men with mCRPC receiving docetaxel therapy. The primary endpoints were associations of serum GGT with overall survival (OS) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response. The secondary endpoint was an association of serum GGT with progression-free survival (PFS). Additionally, GGT expression status was immunohistochemically semi-quantified using tissue microarrays. Results: A total of 67 (63%) men died during follow-up periods (median 22.5 months for survivors). On multivariable analysis, high Log GGT was independently associated with adverse OS (HR 1.49, <i>p</i> = 0.006) as were low hemoglobin (HR 0.79, <i>p</i> = 0.002) and high PSA (HR 1.40, <i>p</i> < 0.001). In contrast, serum GGT was not significantly associated with PSA response or PFS. Moreover, incorporation of serum GGT into established prognostic models (i.e., Halabi and Smaletz models) increased their C-indices for predicting OS from 0.772 to 0.787 (<i>p</i> = 0.066) and from 0.777 to 0.785 (<i>p</i> = 0.118), respectively. Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between serum and tissue GGT levels (ρ = 0.53, <i>p</i> = 0.003). Conclusions: Serum GGT may be a prognostic biomarker in men with mCRPC receiving docetaxel therapy. GGT overexpression by prostate cancer cells appears to be responsible for the elevation of GGT in the serum.
format	article
author	Minami Une Kosuke Takemura Kentaro Inamura Hiroshi Fukushima Masaya Ito Shuichiro Kobayashi Takeshi Yuasa Junji Yonese Philip G. Board Fumitaka Koga
author_facet	Minami Une Kosuke Takemura Kentaro Inamura Hiroshi Fukushima Masaya Ito Shuichiro Kobayashi Takeshi Yuasa Junji Yonese Philip G. Board Fumitaka Koga
author_sort	Minami Une
title	Impact of Serum γ-Glutamyltransferase on Overall Survival in Men with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Treated with Docetaxel
title_short	Impact of Serum γ-Glutamyltransferase on Overall Survival in Men with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Treated with Docetaxel
title_full	Impact of Serum γ-Glutamyltransferase on Overall Survival in Men with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Treated with Docetaxel
title_fullStr	Impact of Serum γ-Glutamyltransferase on Overall Survival in Men with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Treated with Docetaxel
title_full_unstemmed	Impact of Serum γ-Glutamyltransferase on Overall Survival in Men with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Treated with Docetaxel
title_sort	impact of serum γ-glutamyltransferase on overall survival in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with docetaxel
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/820ac39c2529435ab320d5bc0adf0316
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Impact of Serum γ-Glutamyltransferase on Overall Survival in Men with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Treated with Docetaxel

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