New relevance and significance measures to replace p-values.

The p-value has been debated exorbitantly in the last decades, experiencing fierce critique, but also finding some advocates. The fundamental issue with its misleading interpretation stems from its common use for testing the unrealistic null hypothesis of an effect that is precisely zero. A meaningf...

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Autor principal: Werner A Stahel
Formato: article
Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
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Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/82174219063748e5a3f986de2dfd280d
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:82174219063748e5a3f986de2dfd280d2021-12-02T20:15:48ZNew relevance and significance measures to replace p-values.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0252991https://doaj.org/article/82174219063748e5a3f986de2dfd280d2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252991https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203The p-value has been debated exorbitantly in the last decades, experiencing fierce critique, but also finding some advocates. The fundamental issue with its misleading interpretation stems from its common use for testing the unrealistic null hypothesis of an effect that is precisely zero. A meaningful question asks instead whether the effect is relevant. It is then unavoidable that a threshold for relevance is chosen. Considerations that can lead to agreeable conventions for this choice are presented for several commonly used statistical situations. Based on the threshold, a simple quantitative measure of relevance emerges naturally. Statistical inference for the effect should be based on the confidence interval for the relevance measure. A classification of results that goes beyond a simple distinction like "significant / non-significant" is proposed. On the other hand, if desired, a single number called the "secured relevance" may summarize the result, like the p-value does it, but with a scientifically meaningful interpretation.Werner A StahelPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 6, p e0252991 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic Medicine
R
Science
Q
spellingShingle Medicine
R
Science
Q
Werner A Stahel
New relevance and significance measures to replace p-values.
description The p-value has been debated exorbitantly in the last decades, experiencing fierce critique, but also finding some advocates. The fundamental issue with its misleading interpretation stems from its common use for testing the unrealistic null hypothesis of an effect that is precisely zero. A meaningful question asks instead whether the effect is relevant. It is then unavoidable that a threshold for relevance is chosen. Considerations that can lead to agreeable conventions for this choice are presented for several commonly used statistical situations. Based on the threshold, a simple quantitative measure of relevance emerges naturally. Statistical inference for the effect should be based on the confidence interval for the relevance measure. A classification of results that goes beyond a simple distinction like "significant / non-significant" is proposed. On the other hand, if desired, a single number called the "secured relevance" may summarize the result, like the p-value does it, but with a scientifically meaningful interpretation.
format article
author Werner A Stahel
author_facet Werner A Stahel
author_sort Werner A Stahel
title New relevance and significance measures to replace p-values.
title_short New relevance and significance measures to replace p-values.
title_full New relevance and significance measures to replace p-values.
title_fullStr New relevance and significance measures to replace p-values.
title_full_unstemmed New relevance and significance measures to replace p-values.
title_sort new relevance and significance measures to replace p-values.
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/82174219063748e5a3f986de2dfd280d
work_keys_str_mv AT wernerastahel newrelevanceandsignificancemeasurestoreplacepvalues
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