The Current Status of Gene Therapy for the Treatment of Cancer

Tafere Mulaw Belete Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Amhara Region, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Tafere Mulaw Belete P.o.box 196 Tel +251 9 18 04 59 43Email mutafere@yahoo.comAbstract: Gene therapy is the administration of foreign genomic...

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Autor principal:	Belete TM
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2021
Materias:	gene therapy gene product gene delivery cancer clinical trial Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/82405c2874bb438cb8b9e853bb44cfc1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:82405c2874bb438cb8b9e853bb44cfc12021-12-02T11:39:16ZThe Current Status of Gene Therapy for the Treatment of Cancer1177-5491https://doaj.org/article/82405c2874bb438cb8b9e853bb44cfc12021-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/the-current-status-of-gene-therapy-for-the-treatment-of-cancer-peer-reviewed-article-BTThttps://doaj.org/toc/1177-5491Tafere Mulaw Belete Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Amhara Region, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Tafere Mulaw Belete P.o.box 196 Tel +251 9 18 04 59 43Email mutafere@yahoo.comAbstract: Gene therapy is the administration of foreign genomic material into the host tissue to modify the expression of a gene product or to change the biological properties of cells for therapeutic use. Initially, the major objective of gene therapy was to manage genetic diseases, but now different disorders with several patterns of acquired and inherited disorders are targets of gene therapy. Over three decades, the advancement of Genome engineering technologies facilitated gene therapy for the prevention and management of intractable diseases. Researchers are advancing with cautious optimism that safe and effective treatment will give to patients with single-gene disorders and complex acquired disorders. To date, over 3000 genes associates with disease-causing mutations, and about 2600 gene therapy trials are undergoing for the management of various disorders. This review summarizes the principles of genome-editing approaches, such as zinc finger nucleases, transcription activator-like effector nucleases, meganucleases, and the CRISPR/Cas9 system with the underlying mechanisms. This review also explains the types of gene delivery systems as viral [adenoviral, adeno association, herpes simplex virus] and nonviral delivery systems (physical: DNA bombardment, electroporation) and (chemical: Cationic lipids, cationic polymers). Finally, this review summarizes gene therapy medicines approved to treat cancer in detail, including names, indications, vectors, and mode of gene therapy. Gene therapy becomes an alternative to an existing management for different diseases. Therefore, gene products with safe vectors and better biotechnologies play a significant role in the prophylaxis and management of various disorders in the future.Keywords: gene therapy, gene product, gene delivery, cancer, clinical trialBelete TMDove Medical Pressarticlegene therapygene productgene deliverycancerclinical trialMedicine (General)R5-920ENBiologics: Targets & Therapy, Vol Volume 15, Pp 67-77 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	gene therapy gene product gene delivery cancer clinical trial Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	gene therapy gene product gene delivery cancer clinical trial Medicine (General) R5-920 Belete TM The Current Status of Gene Therapy for the Treatment of Cancer
description	Tafere Mulaw Belete Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Amhara Region, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Tafere Mulaw Belete P.o.box 196 Tel +251 9 18 04 59 43Email mutafere@yahoo.comAbstract: Gene therapy is the administration of foreign genomic material into the host tissue to modify the expression of a gene product or to change the biological properties of cells for therapeutic use. Initially, the major objective of gene therapy was to manage genetic diseases, but now different disorders with several patterns of acquired and inherited disorders are targets of gene therapy. Over three decades, the advancement of Genome engineering technologies facilitated gene therapy for the prevention and management of intractable diseases. Researchers are advancing with cautious optimism that safe and effective treatment will give to patients with single-gene disorders and complex acquired disorders. To date, over 3000 genes associates with disease-causing mutations, and about 2600 gene therapy trials are undergoing for the management of various disorders. This review summarizes the principles of genome-editing approaches, such as zinc finger nucleases, transcription activator-like effector nucleases, meganucleases, and the CRISPR/Cas9 system with the underlying mechanisms. This review also explains the types of gene delivery systems as viral [adenoviral, adeno association, herpes simplex virus] and nonviral delivery systems (physical: DNA bombardment, electroporation) and (chemical: Cationic lipids, cationic polymers). Finally, this review summarizes gene therapy medicines approved to treat cancer in detail, including names, indications, vectors, and mode of gene therapy. Gene therapy becomes an alternative to an existing management for different diseases. Therefore, gene products with safe vectors and better biotechnologies play a significant role in the prophylaxis and management of various disorders in the future.Keywords: gene therapy, gene product, gene delivery, cancer, clinical trial
format	article
author	Belete TM
author_facet	Belete TM
author_sort	Belete TM
title	The Current Status of Gene Therapy for the Treatment of Cancer
title_short	The Current Status of Gene Therapy for the Treatment of Cancer
title_full	The Current Status of Gene Therapy for the Treatment of Cancer
title_fullStr	The Current Status of Gene Therapy for the Treatment of Cancer
title_full_unstemmed	The Current Status of Gene Therapy for the Treatment of Cancer
title_sort	current status of gene therapy for the treatment of cancer
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/82405c2874bb438cb8b9e853bb44cfc1
work_keys_str_mv	AT beletetm thecurrentstatusofgenetherapyforthetreatmentofcancer AT beletetm currentstatusofgenetherapyforthetreatmentofcancer
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The Current Status of Gene Therapy for the Treatment of Cancer

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