High prevalence of EMRSA-15 in Portuguese public buses: a worrisome finding.

<h4>Background</h4>The nosocomial prevalence of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Portugal remains one of the highest in Europe and is currently around 50%. Transmission of S. aureus, including MRSA, occurs principally by direct human-to-human skin contact. However, S...

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Autores principales:	Roméo Rocha Simões, Marta Aires-de-Sousa, Teresa Conceição, Filipa Antunes, Paulo Martins da Costa, Hermínia de Lencastre
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/828c240cf05147f2b5dc42b8684e8fb6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:828c240cf05147f2b5dc42b8684e8fb62021-11-18T06:57:52ZHigh prevalence of EMRSA-15 in Portuguese public buses: a worrisome finding.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0017630https://doaj.org/article/828c240cf05147f2b5dc42b8684e8fb62011-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21407807/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>The nosocomial prevalence of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Portugal remains one of the highest in Europe and is currently around 50%. Transmission of S. aureus, including MRSA, occurs principally by direct human-to-human skin contact. However, S. aureus can survive for long periods on inanimate objects, which may represent an important reservoir for dissemination as well.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Between May 2009 and February 2010, handrails of 85 public urban buses circulating in Oporto, Portugal, were screened for the occurrence of MRSA. Twenty-two (26%) buses showed MRSA contamination. The molecular characterization of a total of 55 MRSA, by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), staphylococcal cassette chromosome (SCC) mec typing, spa typing, and multilocus sequence typing (MLST), clustered the isolates into three clonal types. However, the overwhelming majority (n = 50; 91%) of the isolates belonged to a single clone (PFGE A, spa types t747, t032, t025 or t020, ST22, SCCmec type IVh) that exhibits the characteristics of the pandemic EMRSA-15, currently the major lineage circulating in Portuguese hospitals, namely in the Oporto region. Two additional clones were found but in much lower numbers: (i) PFGE B, ST5, spa type t002, SCCmec IVa (n = 3), and (ii) PFGE C, spa type t008, ST8, SCCmec IVa (n = 2). None of the 55 isolates was PVL positive.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Public buses in Oporto seem to be an important reservoir of MRSA of nosocomial origin, providing evidence that the major hospital-associated MRSA clone in Portugal is escaping from the primary ecological niche of hospitals to the community environment. Infection control measures are urgently warranted to limit the spread of EMRSA-15 to the general population and future studies are required to assess the eventual increase of MRSA in the Portuguese community, which so far remains low.Roméo Rocha SimõesMarta Aires-de-SousaTeresa ConceiçãoFilipa AntunesPaulo Martins da CostaHermínia de LencastrePublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 3, p e17630 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Roméo Rocha Simões Marta Aires-de-Sousa Teresa Conceição Filipa Antunes Paulo Martins da Costa Hermínia de Lencastre High prevalence of EMRSA-15 in Portuguese public buses: a worrisome finding.
description	<h4>Background</h4>The nosocomial prevalence of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Portugal remains one of the highest in Europe and is currently around 50%. Transmission of S. aureus, including MRSA, occurs principally by direct human-to-human skin contact. However, S. aureus can survive for long periods on inanimate objects, which may represent an important reservoir for dissemination as well.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Between May 2009 and February 2010, handrails of 85 public urban buses circulating in Oporto, Portugal, were screened for the occurrence of MRSA. Twenty-two (26%) buses showed MRSA contamination. The molecular characterization of a total of 55 MRSA, by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), staphylococcal cassette chromosome (SCC) mec typing, spa typing, and multilocus sequence typing (MLST), clustered the isolates into three clonal types. However, the overwhelming majority (n = 50; 91%) of the isolates belonged to a single clone (PFGE A, spa types t747, t032, t025 or t020, ST22, SCCmec type IVh) that exhibits the characteristics of the pandemic EMRSA-15, currently the major lineage circulating in Portuguese hospitals, namely in the Oporto region. Two additional clones were found but in much lower numbers: (i) PFGE B, ST5, spa type t002, SCCmec IVa (n = 3), and (ii) PFGE C, spa type t008, ST8, SCCmec IVa (n = 2). None of the 55 isolates was PVL positive.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Public buses in Oporto seem to be an important reservoir of MRSA of nosocomial origin, providing evidence that the major hospital-associated MRSA clone in Portugal is escaping from the primary ecological niche of hospitals to the community environment. Infection control measures are urgently warranted to limit the spread of EMRSA-15 to the general population and future studies are required to assess the eventual increase of MRSA in the Portuguese community, which so far remains low.
format	article
author	Roméo Rocha Simões Marta Aires-de-Sousa Teresa Conceição Filipa Antunes Paulo Martins da Costa Hermínia de Lencastre
author_facet	Roméo Rocha Simões Marta Aires-de-Sousa Teresa Conceição Filipa Antunes Paulo Martins da Costa Hermínia de Lencastre
author_sort	Roméo Rocha Simões
title	High prevalence of EMRSA-15 in Portuguese public buses: a worrisome finding.
title_short	High prevalence of EMRSA-15 in Portuguese public buses: a worrisome finding.
title_full	High prevalence of EMRSA-15 in Portuguese public buses: a worrisome finding.
title_fullStr	High prevalence of EMRSA-15 in Portuguese public buses: a worrisome finding.
title_full_unstemmed	High prevalence of EMRSA-15 in Portuguese public buses: a worrisome finding.
title_sort	high prevalence of emrsa-15 in portuguese public buses: a worrisome finding.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/828c240cf05147f2b5dc42b8684e8fb6
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High prevalence of EMRSA-15 in Portuguese public buses: a worrisome finding.

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