Exploring the phyto- and physicochemical evaluation, fluorescence characteristics, and antioxidant activities of Acacia ferruginea Dc: an endangered medicinal plant

Abstract Background Herbal plants are potent in curing various ailments of ancient times as they have comparatively lesser side effects. The demands for natural drugs, mostly from plant sources, are increasing over the past few decades. Because of their potent antioxidant activity, Acacia species ar...

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Autores principales: M. Jeevitha, Pavithra V. Ravi, Vinodhini Subramaniyam, Moorthi Pichumani, Shubashini K. Sripathi
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:8293691970aa4ac3894ae19104652cdb2021-11-14T12:33:08ZExploring the phyto- and physicochemical evaluation, fluorescence characteristics, and antioxidant activities of Acacia ferruginea Dc: an endangered medicinal plant10.1186/s43094-021-00375-42314-7253https://doaj.org/article/8293691970aa4ac3894ae19104652cdb2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s43094-021-00375-4https://doaj.org/toc/2314-7253Abstract Background Herbal plants are potent in curing various ailments of ancient times as they have comparatively lesser side effects. The demands for natural drugs, mostly from plant sources, are increasing over the past few decades. Because of their potent antioxidant activity, Acacia species are used to treat a variety of diseases. One of the species Acacia ferruginea, an endangered medicinal plant, is widely used in the traditional medicine system, and it is considered that standardization would be beneficial. The present study investigates the physicochemical parameters, preliminary phytochemical screening, trace metals by SEM–EDS, and fluorescence properties of various extracts (non-polar to polar) of leaf and bark parts. Standard spectrophotometric methods (UV–Vis, FT-IR, fluorescence spectroscopy) are employed to analyze the functional groups, and the DPPH and total antioxidant methods are used to assess antioxidant potential. Results The ethyl acetate extract of leaves and ethanol extract of the bark are found to be the highest in yield, 16.32% and 2.54%. Results reveal that the total ash percentage and moisture content are of bark and the water-soluble ash of leaves is higher (10.3 ± 0.85, 7.6 ± 0.34, 3.22 ± 0.24%). The bark polar extract contained more macro-elements such as Na, K, Mg, Ca, S, and Cl. Phytochemical analysis reveals the polar extracts of leaves and bark show saponins, flavonoids, steroids, phenolic compounds, and non-polar extracts show mild positive. The total alkaloids, phenolics, and terpenoids (1.58 ± 0.08%; 0.56 ± 0.11; 0.75 ± 0.15) are found to be higher in A. ferruginea leaves. The FT-IR result shows the presence of alkanes, alkenes, aromatic compounds, aldehydes, phenolics and does not contain any toxic substances since there is no peak observed in the region between 2220 and 2260 cm−1. The in vitro antioxidant activity of the species demonstrated that both the leaf and bark parts have prominent antioxidant properties. Conclusions The results obtained from the preliminary standardization of A. ferruginea are very helpful in the determination of the quality and purity of the crude drug. The refurbished findings of A. ferruginea are promising, and further research is important to identify the bioactive compounds, thereby developing nutritional supplements and medications through therapeutic compound isolation. Graphical AbstractM. JeevithaPavithra V. RaviVinodhini SubramaniyamMoorthi PichumaniShubashini K. SripathiSpringerOpenarticleAcacia ferrugineaMedicinal plantsPhytochemicalsPhysicochemical analysisFluorescenceSpectroscopyTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950Pharmacy and materia medicaRS1-441ENFuture Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-17 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic Acacia ferruginea
Medicinal plants
Phytochemicals
Physicochemical analysis
Fluorescence
Spectroscopy
Therapeutics. Pharmacology
RM1-950
Pharmacy and materia medica
RS1-441
spellingShingle Acacia ferruginea
Medicinal plants
Phytochemicals
Physicochemical analysis
Fluorescence
Spectroscopy
Therapeutics. Pharmacology
RM1-950
Pharmacy and materia medica
RS1-441
M. Jeevitha
Pavithra V. Ravi
Vinodhini Subramaniyam
Moorthi Pichumani
Shubashini K. Sripathi
Exploring the phyto- and physicochemical evaluation, fluorescence characteristics, and antioxidant activities of Acacia ferruginea Dc: an endangered medicinal plant
description Abstract Background Herbal plants are potent in curing various ailments of ancient times as they have comparatively lesser side effects. The demands for natural drugs, mostly from plant sources, are increasing over the past few decades. Because of their potent antioxidant activity, Acacia species are used to treat a variety of diseases. One of the species Acacia ferruginea, an endangered medicinal plant, is widely used in the traditional medicine system, and it is considered that standardization would be beneficial. The present study investigates the physicochemical parameters, preliminary phytochemical screening, trace metals by SEM–EDS, and fluorescence properties of various extracts (non-polar to polar) of leaf and bark parts. Standard spectrophotometric methods (UV–Vis, FT-IR, fluorescence spectroscopy) are employed to analyze the functional groups, and the DPPH and total antioxidant methods are used to assess antioxidant potential. Results The ethyl acetate extract of leaves and ethanol extract of the bark are found to be the highest in yield, 16.32% and 2.54%. Results reveal that the total ash percentage and moisture content are of bark and the water-soluble ash of leaves is higher (10.3 ± 0.85, 7.6 ± 0.34, 3.22 ± 0.24%). The bark polar extract contained more macro-elements such as Na, K, Mg, Ca, S, and Cl. Phytochemical analysis reveals the polar extracts of leaves and bark show saponins, flavonoids, steroids, phenolic compounds, and non-polar extracts show mild positive. The total alkaloids, phenolics, and terpenoids (1.58 ± 0.08%; 0.56 ± 0.11; 0.75 ± 0.15) are found to be higher in A. ferruginea leaves. The FT-IR result shows the presence of alkanes, alkenes, aromatic compounds, aldehydes, phenolics and does not contain any toxic substances since there is no peak observed in the region between 2220 and 2260 cm−1. The in vitro antioxidant activity of the species demonstrated that both the leaf and bark parts have prominent antioxidant properties. Conclusions The results obtained from the preliminary standardization of A. ferruginea are very helpful in the determination of the quality and purity of the crude drug. The refurbished findings of A. ferruginea are promising, and further research is important to identify the bioactive compounds, thereby developing nutritional supplements and medications through therapeutic compound isolation. Graphical Abstract
format article
author M. Jeevitha
Pavithra V. Ravi
Vinodhini Subramaniyam
Moorthi Pichumani
Shubashini K. Sripathi
author_facet M. Jeevitha
Pavithra V. Ravi
Vinodhini Subramaniyam
Moorthi Pichumani
Shubashini K. Sripathi
author_sort M. Jeevitha
title Exploring the phyto- and physicochemical evaluation, fluorescence characteristics, and antioxidant activities of Acacia ferruginea Dc: an endangered medicinal plant
title_short Exploring the phyto- and physicochemical evaluation, fluorescence characteristics, and antioxidant activities of Acacia ferruginea Dc: an endangered medicinal plant
title_full Exploring the phyto- and physicochemical evaluation, fluorescence characteristics, and antioxidant activities of Acacia ferruginea Dc: an endangered medicinal plant
title_fullStr Exploring the phyto- and physicochemical evaluation, fluorescence characteristics, and antioxidant activities of Acacia ferruginea Dc: an endangered medicinal plant
title_full_unstemmed Exploring the phyto- and physicochemical evaluation, fluorescence characteristics, and antioxidant activities of Acacia ferruginea Dc: an endangered medicinal plant
title_sort exploring the phyto- and physicochemical evaluation, fluorescence characteristics, and antioxidant activities of acacia ferruginea dc: an endangered medicinal plant
publisher SpringerOpen
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/8293691970aa4ac3894ae19104652cdb
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