Infectious Agents and Bone Marrow Failure: A Causal or a Casual Connection?

Acquired bone marrow failure (BMF) syndromes are considered immune-mediated disorders because hematological recovery after immunosuppressive therapies is the strongest indirect evidence of the involvement of immune cells in marrow failure development. Among pathophysiology hypotheses, immune derange...

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Autores principales:	Valentina Giudice, Antonio M. Risitano, Carmine Selleri
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	infectious diseases TCR repertoire bone marrow failure bone marrow failure syndrome immune response Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/829fbcc3aa68421e981ce67034eb3f72
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:829fbcc3aa68421e981ce67034eb3f722021-11-04T05:21:53ZInfectious Agents and Bone Marrow Failure: A Causal or a Casual Connection?2296-858X10.3389/fmed.2021.757730https://doaj.org/article/829fbcc3aa68421e981ce67034eb3f722021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2021.757730/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2296-858XAcquired bone marrow failure (BMF) syndromes are considered immune-mediated disorders because hematological recovery after immunosuppressive therapies is the strongest indirect evidence of the involvement of immune cells in marrow failure development. Among pathophysiology hypotheses, immune derangement after chronic antigen exposure or cross-reactivity between viral particles and cellular components are the most accepted; however, epitopes against whom these lymphocytes are directed to remain unknown. In this study, we showed that BMF-associated immunodominant clones, namely the most represented T cells carrying an antigen-specific T-cell receptor (TCR) sequence in a random pool, were frequently associated with those described in various infectious diseases, such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. We hypothesize that these pathogens might elicit an autoimmune response triggered by cross-reactivity between pathogen-related components and proteins or might be expanded as an unspecific response to a global immune dysregulation during BMF. However, those frequent intracellular pathogens might not only be passengers in marrow failure development, while playing a central role in starting the autoimmune response against hematopoietic stem cells.Valentina GiudiceValentina GiudiceAntonio M. RisitanoAntonio M. RisitanoCarmine SelleriCarmine SelleriFrontiers Media S.A.articleinfectious diseasesTCR repertoirebone marrow failurebone marrow failure syndromeimmune responseMedicine (General)R5-920ENFrontiers in Medicine, Vol 8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	infectious diseases TCR repertoire bone marrow failure bone marrow failure syndrome immune response Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	infectious diseases TCR repertoire bone marrow failure bone marrow failure syndrome immune response Medicine (General) R5-920 Valentina Giudice Valentina Giudice Antonio M. Risitano Antonio M. Risitano Carmine Selleri Carmine Selleri Infectious Agents and Bone Marrow Failure: A Causal or a Casual Connection?
description	Acquired bone marrow failure (BMF) syndromes are considered immune-mediated disorders because hematological recovery after immunosuppressive therapies is the strongest indirect evidence of the involvement of immune cells in marrow failure development. Among pathophysiology hypotheses, immune derangement after chronic antigen exposure or cross-reactivity between viral particles and cellular components are the most accepted; however, epitopes against whom these lymphocytes are directed to remain unknown. In this study, we showed that BMF-associated immunodominant clones, namely the most represented T cells carrying an antigen-specific T-cell receptor (TCR) sequence in a random pool, were frequently associated with those described in various infectious diseases, such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. We hypothesize that these pathogens might elicit an autoimmune response triggered by cross-reactivity between pathogen-related components and proteins or might be expanded as an unspecific response to a global immune dysregulation during BMF. However, those frequent intracellular pathogens might not only be passengers in marrow failure development, while playing a central role in starting the autoimmune response against hematopoietic stem cells.
format	article
author	Valentina Giudice Valentina Giudice Antonio M. Risitano Antonio M. Risitano Carmine Selleri Carmine Selleri
author_facet	Valentina Giudice Valentina Giudice Antonio M. Risitano Antonio M. Risitano Carmine Selleri Carmine Selleri
author_sort	Valentina Giudice
title	Infectious Agents and Bone Marrow Failure: A Causal or a Casual Connection?
title_short	Infectious Agents and Bone Marrow Failure: A Causal or a Casual Connection?
title_full	Infectious Agents and Bone Marrow Failure: A Causal or a Casual Connection?
title_fullStr	Infectious Agents and Bone Marrow Failure: A Causal or a Casual Connection?
title_full_unstemmed	Infectious Agents and Bone Marrow Failure: A Causal or a Casual Connection?
title_sort	infectious agents and bone marrow failure: a causal or a casual connection?
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/829fbcc3aa68421e981ce67034eb3f72
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Infectious Agents and Bone Marrow Failure: A Causal or a Casual Connection?

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