The Gut Microbial-Derived Metabolite Trimethylamine N-Oxide and Atrial Fibrillation: Relationships, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Strategies

Rui Huang,1,&ast; Li Yan,2,&ast; Yuhua Lei1 1Cardiovascular Disease Center, Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi Clinical College of Wuhan University, Enshi Prefecture, 445000, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Pediatrics Department, Central Hospit...

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Autores principales:	Huang R, Yan L, Lei Y
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2021
Materias:	trimethylamine n-oxide tmao atrial fibrillation Geriatrics RC952-954.6
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/82aa331a94c04c6bad6b87abc448d663
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:82aa331a94c04c6bad6b87abc448d6632021-11-30T18:50:37ZThe Gut Microbial-Derived Metabolite Trimethylamine N-Oxide and Atrial Fibrillation: Relationships, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Strategies1178-1998https://doaj.org/article/82aa331a94c04c6bad6b87abc448d6632021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/the-gut-microbial-derived-metabolite-trimethylamine-n-oxide-and-atrial-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-CIAhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-1998Rui Huang,1,&ast; Li Yan,2,&ast; Yuhua Lei1 1Cardiovascular Disease Center, Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi Clinical College of Wuhan University, Enshi Prefecture, 445000, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Pediatrics Department, Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi Clinical College of Wuhan University, Enshi Prefecture, 445000, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yuhua Lei No. 158 Wuyang Avenue, Enshi Prefecture, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail yuhualei0319@163.comAbstract: Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that gut microbial-derived metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of many diseases and can be served as a prognostic biomarker for several cardiovascular disorders, including arrhythmia. Recently, some studies have documented that TMAO was associated with the occurrence, progression, recurrence, and embolism risk of atrial fibrillation (AF). The activation of related inflammatory signal pathways and the cardiac sympathetic nervous system (CSNS) caused by elevated TAMO may be the underlying mechanism. It is worth noting that intervention in the metabolic pathway of TMAO may be an underlying therapeutic target of AF. In addition, standardized and individualized treatment strategies in clinical practice may be of great significance for AF patients, particularly those with high serum TMAO concentrations. However, there are also contradictions in the current research on TMAO and AF. Moreover, notwithstanding the positive preclinical and clinical findings, data supporting a direct association between TMAO and AF is a paucity. Thus, conclusive evidence from preclinical studies and multi-center randomized controlled trials to reveal the essential relationship between TMAO and AF is needy. In this review, we have attempted to summarize recent studies on TMAO and AF, highlighted the potential therapeutic strategies for AF patients, followed by a discussion on directions for future research in this field.Keywords: trimethylamine N-oxide, TMAO, atrial fibrillationHuang RYan LLei YDove Medical Pressarticletrimethylamine n-oxidetmaoatrial fibrillationGeriatricsRC952-954.6ENClinical Interventions in Aging, Vol Volume 16, Pp 1975-1986 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	trimethylamine n-oxide tmao atrial fibrillation Geriatrics RC952-954.6
spellingShingle	trimethylamine n-oxide tmao atrial fibrillation Geriatrics RC952-954.6 Huang R Yan L Lei Y The Gut Microbial-Derived Metabolite Trimethylamine N-Oxide and Atrial Fibrillation: Relationships, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Strategies
description	Rui Huang,1,&ast; Li Yan,2,&ast; Yuhua Lei1 1Cardiovascular Disease Center, Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi Clinical College of Wuhan University, Enshi Prefecture, 445000, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Pediatrics Department, Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi Clinical College of Wuhan University, Enshi Prefecture, 445000, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yuhua Lei No. 158 Wuyang Avenue, Enshi Prefecture, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail yuhualei0319@163.comAbstract: Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that gut microbial-derived metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of many diseases and can be served as a prognostic biomarker for several cardiovascular disorders, including arrhythmia. Recently, some studies have documented that TMAO was associated with the occurrence, progression, recurrence, and embolism risk of atrial fibrillation (AF). The activation of related inflammatory signal pathways and the cardiac sympathetic nervous system (CSNS) caused by elevated TAMO may be the underlying mechanism. It is worth noting that intervention in the metabolic pathway of TMAO may be an underlying therapeutic target of AF. In addition, standardized and individualized treatment strategies in clinical practice may be of great significance for AF patients, particularly those with high serum TMAO concentrations. However, there are also contradictions in the current research on TMAO and AF. Moreover, notwithstanding the positive preclinical and clinical findings, data supporting a direct association between TMAO and AF is a paucity. Thus, conclusive evidence from preclinical studies and multi-center randomized controlled trials to reveal the essential relationship between TMAO and AF is needy. In this review, we have attempted to summarize recent studies on TMAO and AF, highlighted the potential therapeutic strategies for AF patients, followed by a discussion on directions for future research in this field.Keywords: trimethylamine N-oxide, TMAO, atrial fibrillation
format	article
author	Huang R Yan L Lei Y
author_facet	Huang R Yan L Lei Y
author_sort	Huang R
title	The Gut Microbial-Derived Metabolite Trimethylamine N-Oxide and Atrial Fibrillation: Relationships, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Strategies
title_short	The Gut Microbial-Derived Metabolite Trimethylamine N-Oxide and Atrial Fibrillation: Relationships, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Strategies
title_full	The Gut Microbial-Derived Metabolite Trimethylamine N-Oxide and Atrial Fibrillation: Relationships, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Strategies
title_fullStr	The Gut Microbial-Derived Metabolite Trimethylamine N-Oxide and Atrial Fibrillation: Relationships, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Strategies
title_full_unstemmed	The Gut Microbial-Derived Metabolite Trimethylamine N-Oxide and Atrial Fibrillation: Relationships, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Strategies
title_sort	gut microbial-derived metabolite trimethylamine n-oxide and atrial fibrillation: relationships, mechanisms, and therapeutic strategies
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/82aa331a94c04c6bad6b87abc448d663
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The Gut Microbial-Derived Metabolite Trimethylamine N-Oxide and Atrial Fibrillation: Relationships, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Strategies

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