Identification and functional characterization of two bamboo FD gene homologs having contrasting effects on shoot growth and flowering
Abstract Bamboos, member of the family Poaceae, represent many interesting features with respect to their fast and extended vegetative growth, unusual, yet divergent flowering time across species, and impact of sudden, large scale flowering on forest ecology. However, not many studies have been cond...
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Nature Portfolio
2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:82ca904d52494d33aa33f07295b4d2032021-12-02T15:51:13ZIdentification and functional characterization of two bamboo FD gene homologs having contrasting effects on shoot growth and flowering10.1038/s41598-021-87491-62045-2322https://doaj.org/article/82ca904d52494d33aa33f07295b4d2032021-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-87491-6https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Bamboos, member of the family Poaceae, represent many interesting features with respect to their fast and extended vegetative growth, unusual, yet divergent flowering time across species, and impact of sudden, large scale flowering on forest ecology. However, not many studies have been conducted at the molecular level to characterize important genes that regulate vegetative and flowering habit in bamboo. In this study, two bamboo FD genes, BtFD1 and BtFD2, which are members of the florigen activation complex (FAC) have been identified by sequence and phylogenetic analyses. Sequence comparisons identified one important amino acid, which was located in the DNA-binding basic region and was altered between BtFD1 and BtFD2 (Ala146 of BtFD1 vs. Leu100 of BtFD2). Electrophoretic mobility shift assay revealed that this alteration had resulted into ten times higher binding efficiency of BtFD1 than BtFD2 to its target ACGT motif present at the promoter of the APETALA1 gene. Expression analyses in different tissues and seasons indicated the involvement of BtFD1 in flower and vegetative development, while BtFD2 was very lowly expressed throughout all the tissues and conditions studied. Finally, a tenfold increase of the AtAP1 transcript level by p35S::BtFD1 Arabidopsis plants compared to wild type confirms a positively regulatory role of BtFD1 towards flowering. However, constitutive expression of BtFD1 had led to dwarfisms and apparent reduction in the length of flowering stalk and numbers of flowers/plant, whereas no visible phenotype was observed for BtFD2 overexpression. This signifies that timely expression of BtFD1 may be critical to perform its programmed developmental role in planta.Smritikana DuttaAnwesha DebPrasun BiswasSukanya ChakrabortySuman GuhaDevrani MitraBirgit GeistAnton R. SchäffnerMalay DasNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-16 (2021) |
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Medicine R Science Q Smritikana Dutta Anwesha Deb Prasun Biswas Sukanya Chakraborty Suman Guha Devrani Mitra Birgit Geist Anton R. Schäffner Malay Das Identification and functional characterization of two bamboo FD gene homologs having contrasting effects on shoot growth and flowering |
| description |
Abstract Bamboos, member of the family Poaceae, represent many interesting features with respect to their fast and extended vegetative growth, unusual, yet divergent flowering time across species, and impact of sudden, large scale flowering on forest ecology. However, not many studies have been conducted at the molecular level to characterize important genes that regulate vegetative and flowering habit in bamboo. In this study, two bamboo FD genes, BtFD1 and BtFD2, which are members of the florigen activation complex (FAC) have been identified by sequence and phylogenetic analyses. Sequence comparisons identified one important amino acid, which was located in the DNA-binding basic region and was altered between BtFD1 and BtFD2 (Ala146 of BtFD1 vs. Leu100 of BtFD2). Electrophoretic mobility shift assay revealed that this alteration had resulted into ten times higher binding efficiency of BtFD1 than BtFD2 to its target ACGT motif present at the promoter of the APETALA1 gene. Expression analyses in different tissues and seasons indicated the involvement of BtFD1 in flower and vegetative development, while BtFD2 was very lowly expressed throughout all the tissues and conditions studied. Finally, a tenfold increase of the AtAP1 transcript level by p35S::BtFD1 Arabidopsis plants compared to wild type confirms a positively regulatory role of BtFD1 towards flowering. However, constitutive expression of BtFD1 had led to dwarfisms and apparent reduction in the length of flowering stalk and numbers of flowers/plant, whereas no visible phenotype was observed for BtFD2 overexpression. This signifies that timely expression of BtFD1 may be critical to perform its programmed developmental role in planta. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Smritikana Dutta Anwesha Deb Prasun Biswas Sukanya Chakraborty Suman Guha Devrani Mitra Birgit Geist Anton R. Schäffner Malay Das |
| author_facet |
Smritikana Dutta Anwesha Deb Prasun Biswas Sukanya Chakraborty Suman Guha Devrani Mitra Birgit Geist Anton R. Schäffner Malay Das |
| author_sort |
Smritikana Dutta |
| title |
Identification and functional characterization of two bamboo FD gene homologs having contrasting effects on shoot growth and flowering |
| title_short |
Identification and functional characterization of two bamboo FD gene homologs having contrasting effects on shoot growth and flowering |
| title_full |
Identification and functional characterization of two bamboo FD gene homologs having contrasting effects on shoot growth and flowering |
| title_fullStr |
Identification and functional characterization of two bamboo FD gene homologs having contrasting effects on shoot growth and flowering |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Identification and functional characterization of two bamboo FD gene homologs having contrasting effects on shoot growth and flowering |
| title_sort |
identification and functional characterization of two bamboo fd gene homologs having contrasting effects on shoot growth and flowering |
| publisher |
Nature Portfolio |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/82ca904d52494d33aa33f07295b4d203 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
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