A Potential Role of Coumestrol in Soybean Leaf Senescence and Its Interaction With Phytohormones

Coumestrol is a natural organic compound synthesized in soy leaves and functions as a phytoalexin. The coumestrol levels in plants are reported to increase upon insect attack. This study investigates the correlation between coumestrol, senescence, and the effect of phytohormones on the coumestrol le...

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Autores principales:	Bong-Gyu Mun, Hyun-Ho Kim, Heung Joo Yuk, Adil Hussain, Gary John Loake, Byung-Wook Yun
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	coumestans coumestrol phytohormones soybean senescence (leaf) Plant culture SB1-1110
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/82e1336b599e4d5a811c2844f392b83d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:82e1336b599e4d5a811c2844f392b83d2021-12-01T00:17:18ZA Potential Role of Coumestrol in Soybean Leaf Senescence and Its Interaction With Phytohormones1664-462X10.3389/fpls.2021.756308https://doaj.org/article/82e1336b599e4d5a811c2844f392b83d2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.756308/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-462XCoumestrol is a natural organic compound synthesized in soy leaves and functions as a phytoalexin. The coumestrol levels in plants are reported to increase upon insect attack. This study investigates the correlation between coumestrol, senescence, and the effect of phytohormones on the coumestrol levels in soybean leaves. Our analysis involving high-performance liquid chromatography and 2-D gel electrophoresis indicated a significant difference in the biochemical composition of soybean leaves at various young and mature growth stages. Eight chemical compounds were specifically detected in young leaves (V1) only, whereas three different coumestans isotrifoliol, coumestrol, and phaseol were detected only in mature, yellow leaves of the R6 and R7 growth stage. MALDI-TOF-MS analysis was used to identify two proteins 3,9 -dihydroxypterocarpan 6A-monooxygenase (CYP93A1) and isoflavone reductase homolog 2 (IFR2) only in mature leaves, which are key components of the coumestrol biosynthetic pathway. This indicates that senescence in soybean is linked to the accumulation of coumestrol. Following the external application of coumestrol, the detached V1-stage young leaves turned yellow and showed an interesting development of roots at the base of the midrib. Additionally, the application of phytohormones, including SA, methyl jasmonate (MeJA), and ethephon alone and in various combinations induced yellowing within 5 days of the application with a concomitant significant increase in endogenous coumestrol accumulation. This was also accompanied by a significant increase in the expression of genes CYP81E28 (Gm08G089500), CYP81E22 (Gm16G149300), GmIFS1, and GmIFS2. These results indicate that various coumestans, especially coumestrol, accumulate during leaf maturity, or senescence in soybean.Bong-Gyu MunHyun-Ho KimHeung Joo YukAdil HussainGary John LoakeByung-Wook YunFrontiers Media S.A.articlecoumestanscoumestrolphytohormonessoybeansenescence (leaf)Plant cultureSB1-1110ENFrontiers in Plant Science, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	coumestans coumestrol phytohormones soybean senescence (leaf) Plant culture SB1-1110
spellingShingle	coumestans coumestrol phytohormones soybean senescence (leaf) Plant culture SB1-1110 Bong-Gyu Mun Hyun-Ho Kim Heung Joo Yuk Adil Hussain Gary John Loake Byung-Wook Yun A Potential Role of Coumestrol in Soybean Leaf Senescence and Its Interaction With Phytohormones
description	Coumestrol is a natural organic compound synthesized in soy leaves and functions as a phytoalexin. The coumestrol levels in plants are reported to increase upon insect attack. This study investigates the correlation between coumestrol, senescence, and the effect of phytohormones on the coumestrol levels in soybean leaves. Our analysis involving high-performance liquid chromatography and 2-D gel electrophoresis indicated a significant difference in the biochemical composition of soybean leaves at various young and mature growth stages. Eight chemical compounds were specifically detected in young leaves (V1) only, whereas three different coumestans isotrifoliol, coumestrol, and phaseol were detected only in mature, yellow leaves of the R6 and R7 growth stage. MALDI-TOF-MS analysis was used to identify two proteins 3,9 -dihydroxypterocarpan 6A-monooxygenase (CYP93A1) and isoflavone reductase homolog 2 (IFR2) only in mature leaves, which are key components of the coumestrol biosynthetic pathway. This indicates that senescence in soybean is linked to the accumulation of coumestrol. Following the external application of coumestrol, the detached V1-stage young leaves turned yellow and showed an interesting development of roots at the base of the midrib. Additionally, the application of phytohormones, including SA, methyl jasmonate (MeJA), and ethephon alone and in various combinations induced yellowing within 5 days of the application with a concomitant significant increase in endogenous coumestrol accumulation. This was also accompanied by a significant increase in the expression of genes CYP81E28 (Gm08G089500), CYP81E22 (Gm16G149300), GmIFS1, and GmIFS2. These results indicate that various coumestans, especially coumestrol, accumulate during leaf maturity, or senescence in soybean.
format	article
author	Bong-Gyu Mun Hyun-Ho Kim Heung Joo Yuk Adil Hussain Gary John Loake Byung-Wook Yun
author_facet	Bong-Gyu Mun Hyun-Ho Kim Heung Joo Yuk Adil Hussain Gary John Loake Byung-Wook Yun
author_sort	Bong-Gyu Mun
title	A Potential Role of Coumestrol in Soybean Leaf Senescence and Its Interaction With Phytohormones
title_short	A Potential Role of Coumestrol in Soybean Leaf Senescence and Its Interaction With Phytohormones
title_full	A Potential Role of Coumestrol in Soybean Leaf Senescence and Its Interaction With Phytohormones
title_fullStr	A Potential Role of Coumestrol in Soybean Leaf Senescence and Its Interaction With Phytohormones
title_full_unstemmed	A Potential Role of Coumestrol in Soybean Leaf Senescence and Its Interaction With Phytohormones
title_sort	potential role of coumestrol in soybean leaf senescence and its interaction with phytohormones
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/82e1336b599e4d5a811c2844f392b83d
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A Potential Role of Coumestrol in Soybean Leaf Senescence and Its Interaction With Phytohormones

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