The Spread of Droplets and Aerosols of Surgical Motor Handpiece Irrigation Using Different Suction Systems

Objective: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of various combinations of dental suction devices in reducing the amount and distance of spread of aerosols and droplets using an electrical surgical motor model with a self-irrigation system.Materials and Methods: In a standard single-chaired...

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Autores principales:	James K. H. Tsoi, Hao Ding, Ki Hon, Yiu Yan Leung
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	aerosol droplet extra-oral suction COVID-19 irrigation Dentistry RK1-715
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/82e3664234bc4b79ac990b97e3681631
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:82e3664234bc4b79ac990b97e36816312021-11-05T06:12:17ZThe Spread of Droplets and Aerosols of Surgical Motor Handpiece Irrigation Using Different Suction Systems2673-491510.3389/fdmed.2021.727111https://doaj.org/article/82e3664234bc4b79ac990b97e36816312021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fdmed.2021.727111/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2673-4915Objective: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of various combinations of dental suction devices in reducing the amount and distance of spread of aerosols and droplets using an electrical surgical motor model with a self-irrigation system.Materials and Methods: In a standard single-chaired air-conditioned ventilated dental clinic, an electrical dental surgical motor with a high-speed handpiece (Implantmed) cooled with 0.2% fluorescein containing normal saline was used to drill a gypsum block mounted on a phantom head in a supine position. A single operator performed thrice each of the following suction settings: (a) no suction, (b) low-volume suction, (c) low-volume + high-volume suctions, and (d) low-volume + external oral suctions. Aerosols (0.1–5 μm) were measured with a particle counter at the mouth opening of the phantom head, and droplet sizes and distances were analyzed via a machine learning algorithm by identifying fluorescence droplets on pre-loaded pieces of paper on the floor for each group.Results: The different suction systems have different performances in terms of droplet distance (p = 0.007), whereas using (c) high volume suctions (41.1 ± 22.9 cm) and (d) external oral suction unit (39 ± 18.2 cm) had significantly reduced the spread of droplets when compared with (a) without suction (58.9 ± 17.1 cm). Using (d) external oral suction or (c) high volume suction could reduce the number for all droplet sizes. The use of (c) high volume suction was most effective in reducing aerosol count of 0.3–1 μm, while (d) external oral suction was most effective in reducing aerosol count of 3–5 μm.Conclusions: Both external oral suction and high-volume suction were effective in reducing aerosols and droplets generated by the irrigation of a surgical high-speed motor handpiece. External oral suction could be an effective alternative to high volume suction in dental surgical procedures to reduce the spread of aerosols and droplets.Clinical Relevance: External oral suction or high-volume suction should be used in conjunction with low-volume suction in surgical procedure to reduce the spread of aerosols and droplets in a dental clinic environment.James K. H. TsoiHao DingKi HonYiu Yan LeungFrontiers Media S.A.articleaerosoldropletextra-oral suctionCOVID-19irrigationDentistryRK1-715ENFrontiers in Dental Medicine, Vol 2 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	aerosol droplet extra-oral suction COVID-19 irrigation Dentistry RK1-715
spellingShingle	aerosol droplet extra-oral suction COVID-19 irrigation Dentistry RK1-715 James K. H. Tsoi Hao Ding Ki Hon Yiu Yan Leung The Spread of Droplets and Aerosols of Surgical Motor Handpiece Irrigation Using Different Suction Systems
description	Objective: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of various combinations of dental suction devices in reducing the amount and distance of spread of aerosols and droplets using an electrical surgical motor model with a self-irrigation system.Materials and Methods: In a standard single-chaired air-conditioned ventilated dental clinic, an electrical dental surgical motor with a high-speed handpiece (Implantmed) cooled with 0.2% fluorescein containing normal saline was used to drill a gypsum block mounted on a phantom head in a supine position. A single operator performed thrice each of the following suction settings: (a) no suction, (b) low-volume suction, (c) low-volume + high-volume suctions, and (d) low-volume + external oral suctions. Aerosols (0.1–5 μm) were measured with a particle counter at the mouth opening of the phantom head, and droplet sizes and distances were analyzed via a machine learning algorithm by identifying fluorescence droplets on pre-loaded pieces of paper on the floor for each group.Results: The different suction systems have different performances in terms of droplet distance (p = 0.007), whereas using (c) high volume suctions (41.1 ± 22.9 cm) and (d) external oral suction unit (39 ± 18.2 cm) had significantly reduced the spread of droplets when compared with (a) without suction (58.9 ± 17.1 cm). Using (d) external oral suction or (c) high volume suction could reduce the number for all droplet sizes. The use of (c) high volume suction was most effective in reducing aerosol count of 0.3–1 μm, while (d) external oral suction was most effective in reducing aerosol count of 3–5 μm.Conclusions: Both external oral suction and high-volume suction were effective in reducing aerosols and droplets generated by the irrigation of a surgical high-speed motor handpiece. External oral suction could be an effective alternative to high volume suction in dental surgical procedures to reduce the spread of aerosols and droplets.Clinical Relevance: External oral suction or high-volume suction should be used in conjunction with low-volume suction in surgical procedure to reduce the spread of aerosols and droplets in a dental clinic environment.
format	article
author	James K. H. Tsoi Hao Ding Ki Hon Yiu Yan Leung
author_facet	James K. H. Tsoi Hao Ding Ki Hon Yiu Yan Leung
author_sort	James K. H. Tsoi
title	The Spread of Droplets and Aerosols of Surgical Motor Handpiece Irrigation Using Different Suction Systems
title_short	The Spread of Droplets and Aerosols of Surgical Motor Handpiece Irrigation Using Different Suction Systems
title_full	The Spread of Droplets and Aerosols of Surgical Motor Handpiece Irrigation Using Different Suction Systems
title_fullStr	The Spread of Droplets and Aerosols of Surgical Motor Handpiece Irrigation Using Different Suction Systems
title_full_unstemmed	The Spread of Droplets and Aerosols of Surgical Motor Handpiece Irrigation Using Different Suction Systems
title_sort	spread of droplets and aerosols of surgical motor handpiece irrigation using different suction systems
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/82e3664234bc4b79ac990b97e3681631
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The Spread of Droplets and Aerosols of Surgical Motor Handpiece Irrigation Using Different Suction Systems

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