Identifying the full spectrum of climatic signals controlling a tree species' growth and adaptation to climate change

Identifying the key climatic parameters controlling a tree species’ growth in a given environment can improve our understanding of the species’ adaptability to climate change. However, this can be significantly affected by the detection and analytical methodologies used, at least for water-limited e...

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Autores principales:	Gianluigi Mazza, Dimitrios Sarris
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Climate - tree growth relationships Dendroecology Dendroclimatology Standardization methods Tree-rings Water table Ecology QH540-549.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/832895379cac4088ada2ace7d8a693b3
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:832895379cac4088ada2ace7d8a693b32021-12-01T04:59:19ZIdentifying the full spectrum of climatic signals controlling a tree species' growth and adaptation to climate change1470-160X10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.108109https://doaj.org/article/832895379cac4088ada2ace7d8a693b32021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X21007743https://doaj.org/toc/1470-160XIdentifying the key climatic parameters controlling a tree species’ growth in a given environment can improve our understanding of the species’ adaptability to climate change. However, this can be significantly affected by the detection and analytical methodologies used, at least for water-limited ecosystems. To address this issue, we tested together for the first time the five key methods widely applied for detecting climatic drivers of tree growth. The test was applied on the growth dynamics of Pinus pinea L. (the last ca. 130 years) and for evaluating its climatic sensitivity (the last ca. 60 years), under contrasting climatic conditions, from sites in Italy and Greece. As predictors, we selected a high number of seasonal, annual, and multi-annual climate integration periods (626 variables in total for precipitation and SPEI) through running correlation analysis. Methods that retain low-frequency variability and persistence of past climatic signals in radial growth (ABD, RCS, and raw BAI) revealed that long-term precipitation accumulated over 3–6 years was the key driver for P. pinea growth in the wettest sites. These signals probably appeared because of the cumulative effects of past years’ rainfall in determining water table levels. They would have been missed if low-frequency climate and growth variability were not considered, how it happens using standardized BAI and TRW. In the driest site, productivity was low and explained by 1–2 years precipitation signals, suggesting that mostly moisture stored in topsoil from more recent rainfall sustained P. pinea growth, a typical shallow-rooted species. Thus, the loss in root contact with the declining water table may explain the higher vulnerability to drought stress at its dry-end distribution range, particularly under low precipitation. A further drop in water table levels, driven by global warming, will most likely increase such vulnerability. Hence, conservation efforts will require maintaining a stable water table, prohibiting groundwater overexploitation at P. pinea habitats. Reducing competition from other deeper rooted tree species, better adapted to drought and fire, may further benefit the species’ conservation status.Gianluigi MazzaDimitrios SarrisElsevierarticleClimate - tree growth relationshipsDendroecologyDendroclimatologyStandardization methodsTree-ringsWater tableEcologyQH540-549.5ENEcological Indicators, Vol 130, Iss , Pp 108109- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Climate - tree growth relationships Dendroecology Dendroclimatology Standardization methods Tree-rings Water table Ecology QH540-549.5
spellingShingle	Climate - tree growth relationships Dendroecology Dendroclimatology Standardization methods Tree-rings Water table Ecology QH540-549.5 Gianluigi Mazza Dimitrios Sarris Identifying the full spectrum of climatic signals controlling a tree species' growth and adaptation to climate change
description	Identifying the key climatic parameters controlling a tree species’ growth in a given environment can improve our understanding of the species’ adaptability to climate change. However, this can be significantly affected by the detection and analytical methodologies used, at least for water-limited ecosystems. To address this issue, we tested together for the first time the five key methods widely applied for detecting climatic drivers of tree growth. The test was applied on the growth dynamics of Pinus pinea L. (the last ca. 130 years) and for evaluating its climatic sensitivity (the last ca. 60 years), under contrasting climatic conditions, from sites in Italy and Greece. As predictors, we selected a high number of seasonal, annual, and multi-annual climate integration periods (626 variables in total for precipitation and SPEI) through running correlation analysis. Methods that retain low-frequency variability and persistence of past climatic signals in radial growth (ABD, RCS, and raw BAI) revealed that long-term precipitation accumulated over 3–6 years was the key driver for P. pinea growth in the wettest sites. These signals probably appeared because of the cumulative effects of past years’ rainfall in determining water table levels. They would have been missed if low-frequency climate and growth variability were not considered, how it happens using standardized BAI and TRW. In the driest site, productivity was low and explained by 1–2 years precipitation signals, suggesting that mostly moisture stored in topsoil from more recent rainfall sustained P. pinea growth, a typical shallow-rooted species. Thus, the loss in root contact with the declining water table may explain the higher vulnerability to drought stress at its dry-end distribution range, particularly under low precipitation. A further drop in water table levels, driven by global warming, will most likely increase such vulnerability. Hence, conservation efforts will require maintaining a stable water table, prohibiting groundwater overexploitation at P. pinea habitats. Reducing competition from other deeper rooted tree species, better adapted to drought and fire, may further benefit the species’ conservation status.
format	article
author	Gianluigi Mazza Dimitrios Sarris
author_facet	Gianluigi Mazza Dimitrios Sarris
author_sort	Gianluigi Mazza
title	Identifying the full spectrum of climatic signals controlling a tree species' growth and adaptation to climate change
title_short	Identifying the full spectrum of climatic signals controlling a tree species' growth and adaptation to climate change
title_full	Identifying the full spectrum of climatic signals controlling a tree species' growth and adaptation to climate change
title_fullStr	Identifying the full spectrum of climatic signals controlling a tree species' growth and adaptation to climate change
title_full_unstemmed	Identifying the full spectrum of climatic signals controlling a tree species' growth and adaptation to climate change
title_sort	identifying the full spectrum of climatic signals controlling a tree species' growth and adaptation to climate change
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/832895379cac4088ada2ace7d8a693b3
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Identifying the full spectrum of climatic signals controlling a tree species' growth and adaptation to climate change

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