Mitigation of Cadmium Induced Oxidative Stress by Using Organic Amendments to Improve the Growth and Yield of Mash Beans [<i>Vigna mungo</i> (L.)]

Cadmium (Cd) stress is a serious environmental hazard that has devastating impacts on plant growth and productivity. Moreover, the entrance of Cd into the human food chain by eating Cd-contaminated food also poses serious health issues. Organic amendments (OA) possess an excellent potential to reduc...

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Autores principales:	Muhammad Umer Chattha, Warda Arif, Imran Khan, Walid Soufan, Muhammad Bilal Chattha, Muhammad Umair Hassan, Najeeb Ullah, Ayman El Sabagh, Sameer H. Qari
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	anti-oxidants cadmium growth mash beans photosynthetic pigments ROS Agriculture S
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8328c722cae84ff0bee6d09445fe47d9
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8328c722cae84ff0bee6d09445fe47d92021-11-25T16:04:30ZMitigation of Cadmium Induced Oxidative Stress by Using Organic Amendments to Improve the Growth and Yield of Mash Beans [<i>Vigna mungo</i> (L.)]10.3390/agronomy111121522073-4395https://doaj.org/article/8328c722cae84ff0bee6d09445fe47d92021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/11/2152https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4395Cadmium (Cd) stress is a serious environmental hazard that has devastating impacts on plant growth and productivity. Moreover, the entrance of Cd into the human food chain by eating Cd-contaminated food also poses serious health issues. Organic amendments (OA) possess an excellent potential to reduce the adverse impacts of Cd stress. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the potential of different OA in improving the mash beans growth and yield grown under Cd-contaminated soil. The soil was spiked with different concentrations of Cd (0, 10 and 20 mg/kg) and subjected to different OA, i.e., control, cow manure (5%), sugarcane press mud (5%) and a combination of cow manure (2.5%) and sugarcane press mud (2.5%). Results indicated that Cd stress induced a significant reduction in growth and yield traits, leaf water status, photosynthetic pigments, protein accumulation and anti-oxidant activities. However, the application of OA appreciably reduced the Cd-induced toxic effects and caused a significant increase in growth and yield. The application of 5% sugarcane press mud remained the top performer and it increased the mash bean growth and yield through improved photosynthetic pigments, leaf water status (56%) and reduced Cd uptake (18%), hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) production (38.52%), electrolyte leakage (EL) (42.13%) malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation (55.88%) and increased accumulation of soluble protein (60.15%) and free amino acids (54%) through improved activities of anti-oxidant enzymes. Therefore, these findings suggested that the application of sugarcane press mud enhanced the growth and yield through reduced Cd accumulation, enhanced photosynthetic pigments, leaf water status, protein and amino accumulation and reduced H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, EL and MDA accumulation through a stronger anti-oxidant defense system.Muhammad Umer ChatthaWarda ArifImran KhanWalid SoufanMuhammad Bilal ChatthaMuhammad Umair HassanNajeeb UllahAyman El SabaghSameer H. QariMDPI AGarticleanti-oxidantscadmiumgrowthmash beansphotosynthetic pigmentsROSAgricultureSENAgronomy, Vol 11, Iss 2152, p 2152 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	anti-oxidants cadmium growth mash beans photosynthetic pigments ROS Agriculture S
spellingShingle	anti-oxidants cadmium growth mash beans photosynthetic pigments ROS Agriculture S Muhammad Umer Chattha Warda Arif Imran Khan Walid Soufan Muhammad Bilal Chattha Muhammad Umair Hassan Najeeb Ullah Ayman El Sabagh Sameer H. Qari Mitigation of Cadmium Induced Oxidative Stress by Using Organic Amendments to Improve the Growth and Yield of Mash Beans [<i>Vigna mungo</i> (L.)]
description	Cadmium (Cd) stress is a serious environmental hazard that has devastating impacts on plant growth and productivity. Moreover, the entrance of Cd into the human food chain by eating Cd-contaminated food also poses serious health issues. Organic amendments (OA) possess an excellent potential to reduce the adverse impacts of Cd stress. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the potential of different OA in improving the mash beans growth and yield grown under Cd-contaminated soil. The soil was spiked with different concentrations of Cd (0, 10 and 20 mg/kg) and subjected to different OA, i.e., control, cow manure (5%), sugarcane press mud (5%) and a combination of cow manure (2.5%) and sugarcane press mud (2.5%). Results indicated that Cd stress induced a significant reduction in growth and yield traits, leaf water status, photosynthetic pigments, protein accumulation and anti-oxidant activities. However, the application of OA appreciably reduced the Cd-induced toxic effects and caused a significant increase in growth and yield. The application of 5% sugarcane press mud remained the top performer and it increased the mash bean growth and yield through improved photosynthetic pigments, leaf water status (56%) and reduced Cd uptake (18%), hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) production (38.52%), electrolyte leakage (EL) (42.13%) malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation (55.88%) and increased accumulation of soluble protein (60.15%) and free amino acids (54%) through improved activities of anti-oxidant enzymes. Therefore, these findings suggested that the application of sugarcane press mud enhanced the growth and yield through reduced Cd accumulation, enhanced photosynthetic pigments, leaf water status, protein and amino accumulation and reduced H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, EL and MDA accumulation through a stronger anti-oxidant defense system.
format	article
author	Muhammad Umer Chattha Warda Arif Imran Khan Walid Soufan Muhammad Bilal Chattha Muhammad Umair Hassan Najeeb Ullah Ayman El Sabagh Sameer H. Qari
author_facet	Muhammad Umer Chattha Warda Arif Imran Khan Walid Soufan Muhammad Bilal Chattha Muhammad Umair Hassan Najeeb Ullah Ayman El Sabagh Sameer H. Qari
author_sort	Muhammad Umer Chattha
title	Mitigation of Cadmium Induced Oxidative Stress by Using Organic Amendments to Improve the Growth and Yield of Mash Beans [<i>Vigna mungo</i> (L.)]
title_short	Mitigation of Cadmium Induced Oxidative Stress by Using Organic Amendments to Improve the Growth and Yield of Mash Beans [<i>Vigna mungo</i> (L.)]
title_full	Mitigation of Cadmium Induced Oxidative Stress by Using Organic Amendments to Improve the Growth and Yield of Mash Beans [<i>Vigna mungo</i> (L.)]
title_fullStr	Mitigation of Cadmium Induced Oxidative Stress by Using Organic Amendments to Improve the Growth and Yield of Mash Beans [<i>Vigna mungo</i> (L.)]
title_full_unstemmed	Mitigation of Cadmium Induced Oxidative Stress by Using Organic Amendments to Improve the Growth and Yield of Mash Beans [<i>Vigna mungo</i> (L.)]
title_sort	mitigation of cadmium induced oxidative stress by using organic amendments to improve the growth and yield of mash beans [<i>vigna mungo</i> (l.)]
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8328c722cae84ff0bee6d09445fe47d9
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Mitigation of Cadmium Induced Oxidative Stress by Using Organic Amendments to Improve the Growth and Yield of Mash Beans [<i>Vigna mungo</i> (L.)]

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