Intracluster correlation coefficients in a large cluster randomized vaccine trial in schools: Transmission and impact of shared characteristics.

Cluster randomized trials (cRCT) to assess vaccine effectiveness incorporate indirect effects of vaccination, helping to inform vaccination policy. To calculate the sample size for a cRCT, an estimate of the intracluster correlation coefficient (ICC) is required. For infectious diseases, shared char...

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Autores principales:	Jane Whelan, Helen Marshall, Thomas R Sullivan
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/832d3c3297e34a49b379621b425b727e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:832d3c3297e34a49b379621b425b727e2021-12-02T20:13:41ZIntracluster correlation coefficients in a large cluster randomized vaccine trial in schools: Transmission and impact of shared characteristics.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0254330https://doaj.org/article/832d3c3297e34a49b379621b425b727e2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254330https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Cluster randomized trials (cRCT) to assess vaccine effectiveness incorporate indirect effects of vaccination, helping to inform vaccination policy. To calculate the sample size for a cRCT, an estimate of the intracluster correlation coefficient (ICC) is required. For infectious diseases, shared characteristics and social mixing behaviours may increase susceptibility and exposure, promote transmission and be a source of clustering. We present ICCs from a school-based cRCT assessing the effectiveness of a meningococcal B vaccine (Bexsero, GlaxoSmithKline) on reducing oropharyngeal carriage of Neisseria meningitidis (Nm) in 34,489 adolescents from 237 schools in South Australia in 2017/2018. We also explore the contribution of shared behaviours and characteristics to these ICCs. The ICC for carriage of disease-causing Nm genogroups (primary outcome) pre-vaccination was 0.004 (95% CI: 0.002, 0.007) and for all Nm was 0.007 (95%CI: 0.004, 0.011). Adjustment for social behaviours and personal characteristics reduced the ICC for carriage of disease-causing and all Nm genogroups by 25% (to 0.003) and 43% (to 0.004), respectively. ICCs are also reported for risk factors here, which may be outcomes in future research. Higher ICCs were observed for susceptibility and/or exposure variables related to Nm carriage (having a cold, spending ≥1 night out socializing or kissing ≥1 person in the previous week). In metropolitan areas, nights out socializing was a highly correlated behaviour. By contrast, smoking was a highly correlated behaviour in rural areas. A practical example to inform future cRCT sample size estimates is provided.Jane WhelanHelen MarshallThomas R SullivanPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 10, p e0254330 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jane Whelan Helen Marshall Thomas R Sullivan Intracluster correlation coefficients in a large cluster randomized vaccine trial in schools: Transmission and impact of shared characteristics.
description	Cluster randomized trials (cRCT) to assess vaccine effectiveness incorporate indirect effects of vaccination, helping to inform vaccination policy. To calculate the sample size for a cRCT, an estimate of the intracluster correlation coefficient (ICC) is required. For infectious diseases, shared characteristics and social mixing behaviours may increase susceptibility and exposure, promote transmission and be a source of clustering. We present ICCs from a school-based cRCT assessing the effectiveness of a meningococcal B vaccine (Bexsero, GlaxoSmithKline) on reducing oropharyngeal carriage of Neisseria meningitidis (Nm) in 34,489 adolescents from 237 schools in South Australia in 2017/2018. We also explore the contribution of shared behaviours and characteristics to these ICCs. The ICC for carriage of disease-causing Nm genogroups (primary outcome) pre-vaccination was 0.004 (95% CI: 0.002, 0.007) and for all Nm was 0.007 (95%CI: 0.004, 0.011). Adjustment for social behaviours and personal characteristics reduced the ICC for carriage of disease-causing and all Nm genogroups by 25% (to 0.003) and 43% (to 0.004), respectively. ICCs are also reported for risk factors here, which may be outcomes in future research. Higher ICCs were observed for susceptibility and/or exposure variables related to Nm carriage (having a cold, spending ≥1 night out socializing or kissing ≥1 person in the previous week). In metropolitan areas, nights out socializing was a highly correlated behaviour. By contrast, smoking was a highly correlated behaviour in rural areas. A practical example to inform future cRCT sample size estimates is provided.
format	article
author	Jane Whelan Helen Marshall Thomas R Sullivan
author_facet	Jane Whelan Helen Marshall Thomas R Sullivan
author_sort	Jane Whelan
title	Intracluster correlation coefficients in a large cluster randomized vaccine trial in schools: Transmission and impact of shared characteristics.
title_short	Intracluster correlation coefficients in a large cluster randomized vaccine trial in schools: Transmission and impact of shared characteristics.
title_full	Intracluster correlation coefficients in a large cluster randomized vaccine trial in schools: Transmission and impact of shared characteristics.
title_fullStr	Intracluster correlation coefficients in a large cluster randomized vaccine trial in schools: Transmission and impact of shared characteristics.
title_full_unstemmed	Intracluster correlation coefficients in a large cluster randomized vaccine trial in schools: Transmission and impact of shared characteristics.
title_sort	intracluster correlation coefficients in a large cluster randomized vaccine trial in schools: transmission and impact of shared characteristics.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/832d3c3297e34a49b379621b425b727e
work_keys_str_mv	AT janewhelan intraclustercorrelationcoefficientsinalargeclusterrandomizedvaccinetrialinschoolstransmissionandimpactofsharedcharacteristics AT helenmarshall intraclustercorrelationcoefficientsinalargeclusterrandomizedvaccinetrialinschoolstransmissionandimpactofsharedcharacteristics AT thomasrsullivan intraclustercorrelationcoefficientsinalargeclusterrandomizedvaccinetrialinschoolstransmissionandimpactofsharedcharacteristics
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Intracluster correlation coefficients in a large cluster randomized vaccine trial in schools: Transmission and impact of shared characteristics.

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