Revealing the Genetic Components Responsible for the Unique Photosynthetic Stem Capability of the Wild Almond Prunus arabica (Olivier) Meikle

Almond [Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D. A. Webb] is a major deciduous fruit tree crop worldwide. During dormancy, under warmer temperatures and inadequate chilling hours, the plant metabolic activity increases and may lead to carbohydrate deficiency. Prunus arabica (Olivier) Meikle is a bushy wild almond s...

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Autores principales:	Hillel Brukental, Adi Doron-Faigenboim, Irit Bar-Ya’akov, Rotem Harel-Beja, Ziv Attia, Tamar Azoulay-Shemer, Doron Holland
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	almond Prunus arabica wild almond stem photosynthesis QTL genetic mapping Plant culture SB1-1110
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8390af6372ad49fa90b1adb6c67d1139
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8390af6372ad49fa90b1adb6c67d11392021-12-01T02:44:38ZRevealing the Genetic Components Responsible for the Unique Photosynthetic Stem Capability of the Wild Almond Prunus arabica (Olivier) Meikle1664-462X10.3389/fpls.2021.779970https://doaj.org/article/8390af6372ad49fa90b1adb6c67d11392021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.779970/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-462XAlmond [Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D. A. Webb] is a major deciduous fruit tree crop worldwide. During dormancy, under warmer temperatures and inadequate chilling hours, the plant metabolic activity increases and may lead to carbohydrate deficiency. Prunus arabica (Olivier) Meikle is a bushy wild almond species known for its green, unbarked stem, which stays green even during the dormancy period. Our study revealed that P. arabica green stems assimilate significantly high rates of CO2 during the winter as compared to P. dulcis cv. Um el Fahem (U.E.F.) and may improve carbohydrate status throughout dormancy. To uncover the genetic inheritance and mechanism behind the P. arabica stem photosynthetic capability (SPC), a segregated F1 population was generated by crossing P. arabica to U.E.F. Both parent’s whole genome was sequenced, and SNP calling identified 4,887 informative SNPs for genotyping. A robust genetic map for U.E.F. and P. arabica was constructed (971 and 571 markers, respectively). QTL mapping and association study for the SPC phenotype revealed major QTL [log of odd (LOD) = 20.8] on chromosome 7 and another minor but significant QTL on chromosome 1 (LOD = 3.9). As expected, the P. arabica allele in the current loci significantly increased the SPC phenotype. Finally, a list of 64 candidate genes was generated. This work sets the stage for future research to investigate the mechanism regulating the SPC trait, how it affects the tree’s physiology, and its importance for breeding new cultivars better adapted to high winter temperatures.Hillel BrukentalHillel BrukentalAdi Doron-FaigenboimIrit Bar-Ya’akovRotem Harel-BejaZiv AttiaTamar Azoulay-ShemerDoron HollandFrontiers Media S.A.articlealmondPrunus arabicawild almondstem photosynthesisQTLgenetic mappingPlant cultureSB1-1110ENFrontiers in Plant Science, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	almond Prunus arabica wild almond stem photosynthesis QTL genetic mapping Plant culture SB1-1110
spellingShingle	almond Prunus arabica wild almond stem photosynthesis QTL genetic mapping Plant culture SB1-1110 Hillel Brukental Hillel Brukental Adi Doron-Faigenboim Irit Bar-Ya’akov Rotem Harel-Beja Ziv Attia Tamar Azoulay-Shemer Doron Holland Revealing the Genetic Components Responsible for the Unique Photosynthetic Stem Capability of the Wild Almond Prunus arabica (Olivier) Meikle
description	Almond [Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D. A. Webb] is a major deciduous fruit tree crop worldwide. During dormancy, under warmer temperatures and inadequate chilling hours, the plant metabolic activity increases and may lead to carbohydrate deficiency. Prunus arabica (Olivier) Meikle is a bushy wild almond species known for its green, unbarked stem, which stays green even during the dormancy period. Our study revealed that P. arabica green stems assimilate significantly high rates of CO2 during the winter as compared to P. dulcis cv. Um el Fahem (U.E.F.) and may improve carbohydrate status throughout dormancy. To uncover the genetic inheritance and mechanism behind the P. arabica stem photosynthetic capability (SPC), a segregated F1 population was generated by crossing P. arabica to U.E.F. Both parent’s whole genome was sequenced, and SNP calling identified 4,887 informative SNPs for genotyping. A robust genetic map for U.E.F. and P. arabica was constructed (971 and 571 markers, respectively). QTL mapping and association study for the SPC phenotype revealed major QTL [log of odd (LOD) = 20.8] on chromosome 7 and another minor but significant QTL on chromosome 1 (LOD = 3.9). As expected, the P. arabica allele in the current loci significantly increased the SPC phenotype. Finally, a list of 64 candidate genes was generated. This work sets the stage for future research to investigate the mechanism regulating the SPC trait, how it affects the tree’s physiology, and its importance for breeding new cultivars better adapted to high winter temperatures.
format	article
author	Hillel Brukental Hillel Brukental Adi Doron-Faigenboim Irit Bar-Ya’akov Rotem Harel-Beja Ziv Attia Tamar Azoulay-Shemer Doron Holland
author_facet	Hillel Brukental Hillel Brukental Adi Doron-Faigenboim Irit Bar-Ya’akov Rotem Harel-Beja Ziv Attia Tamar Azoulay-Shemer Doron Holland
author_sort	Hillel Brukental
title	Revealing the Genetic Components Responsible for the Unique Photosynthetic Stem Capability of the Wild Almond Prunus arabica (Olivier) Meikle
title_short	Revealing the Genetic Components Responsible for the Unique Photosynthetic Stem Capability of the Wild Almond Prunus arabica (Olivier) Meikle
title_full	Revealing the Genetic Components Responsible for the Unique Photosynthetic Stem Capability of the Wild Almond Prunus arabica (Olivier) Meikle
title_fullStr	Revealing the Genetic Components Responsible for the Unique Photosynthetic Stem Capability of the Wild Almond Prunus arabica (Olivier) Meikle
title_full_unstemmed	Revealing the Genetic Components Responsible for the Unique Photosynthetic Stem Capability of the Wild Almond Prunus arabica (Olivier) Meikle
title_sort	revealing the genetic components responsible for the unique photosynthetic stem capability of the wild almond prunus arabica (olivier) meikle
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8390af6372ad49fa90b1adb6c67d1139
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Revealing the Genetic Components Responsible for the Unique Photosynthetic Stem Capability of the Wild Almond Prunus arabica (Olivier) Meikle

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