Initial defensive secretory compounds emitted from the live millipede and the induction of apoptotic cell death

Abstract The initial defensive secretory compounds emitted from a live millipede have not yet been clarified. This study focused on elucidating the initial secretory compounds emitted from a live millipede. Pre-concentration of the defensive secretory volatile organic compounds (VOC) from the live P...

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Autores principales:	Junsei Taira, Miki Tamashiro, Kaori Naka, Sahori Gakiya, Kazuyo Taira
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8396567611db416691257bad019cceb9
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8396567611db416691257bad019cceb92021-12-02T14:28:00ZInitial defensive secretory compounds emitted from the live millipede and the induction of apoptotic cell death10.1038/s41598-021-87390-w2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/8396567611db416691257bad019cceb92021-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-87390-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The initial defensive secretory compounds emitted from a live millipede have not yet been clarified. This study focused on elucidating the initial secretory compounds emitted from a live millipede. Pre-concentration of the defensive secretory volatile organic compounds (VOC) from the live Polidesmida millipedes, Chamberlinius hualienensis and Oxidus gracilis, was performed using a three-stage VOC concentration technique by an on-line GC/MS system. As a result, the monoterpenes derived from the plant metabolite; i.e., α-pinene, α-thujene, β-pinene, 3-carene, β-myrcene, β-phellandrene, γ-terpinene, o,m,p-cymenes, limonene and camphene were first detected as the initial secretory substances. It was elucidated that some plant monoterpenes have a repellent effect and antifungal and antibacterial actions which are used as defensive substances. In addition, this study also confirmed that these monoterpenes induced apoptotic cell death involved in the induction of the caspase 3/7 activity. The millipede feeds on fallen or withered leaves containing the monoterpenes. Thus, the millipede accumulates the plant defensive secretions in the exocrine defense glands of the body somites, which would be used as against predators.Junsei TairaMiki TamashiroKaori NakaSahori GakiyaKazuyo TairaNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Junsei Taira Miki Tamashiro Kaori Naka Sahori Gakiya Kazuyo Taira Initial defensive secretory compounds emitted from the live millipede and the induction of apoptotic cell death
description	Abstract The initial defensive secretory compounds emitted from a live millipede have not yet been clarified. This study focused on elucidating the initial secretory compounds emitted from a live millipede. Pre-concentration of the defensive secretory volatile organic compounds (VOC) from the live Polidesmida millipedes, Chamberlinius hualienensis and Oxidus gracilis, was performed using a three-stage VOC concentration technique by an on-line GC/MS system. As a result, the monoterpenes derived from the plant metabolite; i.e., α-pinene, α-thujene, β-pinene, 3-carene, β-myrcene, β-phellandrene, γ-terpinene, o,m,p-cymenes, limonene and camphene were first detected as the initial secretory substances. It was elucidated that some plant monoterpenes have a repellent effect and antifungal and antibacterial actions which are used as defensive substances. In addition, this study also confirmed that these monoterpenes induced apoptotic cell death involved in the induction of the caspase 3/7 activity. The millipede feeds on fallen or withered leaves containing the monoterpenes. Thus, the millipede accumulates the plant defensive secretions in the exocrine defense glands of the body somites, which would be used as against predators.
format	article
author	Junsei Taira Miki Tamashiro Kaori Naka Sahori Gakiya Kazuyo Taira
author_facet	Junsei Taira Miki Tamashiro Kaori Naka Sahori Gakiya Kazuyo Taira
author_sort	Junsei Taira
title	Initial defensive secretory compounds emitted from the live millipede and the induction of apoptotic cell death
title_short	Initial defensive secretory compounds emitted from the live millipede and the induction of apoptotic cell death
title_full	Initial defensive secretory compounds emitted from the live millipede and the induction of apoptotic cell death
title_fullStr	Initial defensive secretory compounds emitted from the live millipede and the induction of apoptotic cell death
title_full_unstemmed	Initial defensive secretory compounds emitted from the live millipede and the induction of apoptotic cell death
title_sort	initial defensive secretory compounds emitted from the live millipede and the induction of apoptotic cell death
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8396567611db416691257bad019cceb9
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Initial defensive secretory compounds emitted from the live millipede and the induction of apoptotic cell death

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