The Role of Forests in Climate Change Regarding Carbon, Nitrogen, and Water: A Case Study of <i>Pinus densiflora</i>

We examined the influence of climate change on the dynamics of <i>Pinus densiflora</i>, the most dominant tree species in South Korea, to explore its potential for climate change mitigation. We considered changes in precipitation, temperature, and CO<inline-formula><math xmlns=&...

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Autores principales:	Dong Kook Woo, Wonseok Do
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	<i>Pinus densiflora</i> GPP NPP water use efficiency CO<sub>2</sub> fertilization Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/83a05da212af46428e075ad7701e8b00
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:83a05da212af46428e075ad7701e8b002021-11-11T19:55:44ZThe Role of Forests in Climate Change Regarding Carbon, Nitrogen, and Water: A Case Study of <i>Pinus densiflora</i>10.3390/w132130502073-4441https://doaj.org/article/83a05da212af46428e075ad7701e8b002021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/21/3050https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4441We examined the influence of climate change on the dynamics of <i>Pinus densiflora</i>, the most dominant tree species in South Korea, to explore its potential for climate change mitigation. We considered changes in precipitation, temperature, and CO<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> under four representative concentration pathway (RCP) scenarios separately and in combination to evaluate the responses of <i>Pinus densiflora</i> to climate change. A well-tested ecohydrological and biogeochemical model, <i>ecosys</i>, was used to study the Gwangneung Experimental Forest in South Korea. Results showed that the positive effects of CO<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> fertilizer on gross primary productivity (GPP) and net primary productivity (NPP) outweighed the negative effects caused by changes in precipitation and temperature. In particular, NPP improvements of 3.79%, 13.44%, 18.26%, and 28.91% were modeled under RCP values of 2.6, 4.5, 6.5, and 8.5, respectively, compared to the baseline. We found that nitrogen leaching and N<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>O flux reduced as climate change become severe due to increases in nutrient uptake, leading to reduced soil nitrogen losses. Although evapotranspiration increased as the intensity of climate change increased, reductions in the stomatal opening improved the water use efficiency of <i>Pinus densiflora</i>. These results indicated that <i>Pinus densiflora</i> could serve as an environmentally friendly option to minimize climate change consequences.Dong Kook WooWonseok DoMDPI AGarticle<i>Pinus densiflora</i>GPPNPPwater use efficiencyCO<sub>2</sub> fertilizationHydraulic engineeringTC1-978Water supply for domestic and industrial purposesTD201-500ENWater, Vol 13, Iss 3050, p 3050 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	<i>Pinus densiflora</i> GPP NPP water use efficiency CO<sub>2</sub> fertilization Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
spellingShingle	<i>Pinus densiflora</i> GPP NPP water use efficiency CO<sub>2</sub> fertilization Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 Dong Kook Woo Wonseok Do The Role of Forests in Climate Change Regarding Carbon, Nitrogen, and Water: A Case Study of <i>Pinus densiflora</i>
description	We examined the influence of climate change on the dynamics of <i>Pinus densiflora</i>, the most dominant tree species in South Korea, to explore its potential for climate change mitigation. We considered changes in precipitation, temperature, and CO<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> under four representative concentration pathway (RCP) scenarios separately and in combination to evaluate the responses of <i>Pinus densiflora</i> to climate change. A well-tested ecohydrological and biogeochemical model, <i>ecosys</i>, was used to study the Gwangneung Experimental Forest in South Korea. Results showed that the positive effects of CO<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> fertilizer on gross primary productivity (GPP) and net primary productivity (NPP) outweighed the negative effects caused by changes in precipitation and temperature. In particular, NPP improvements of 3.79%, 13.44%, 18.26%, and 28.91% were modeled under RCP values of 2.6, 4.5, 6.5, and 8.5, respectively, compared to the baseline. We found that nitrogen leaching and N<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>O flux reduced as climate change become severe due to increases in nutrient uptake, leading to reduced soil nitrogen losses. Although evapotranspiration increased as the intensity of climate change increased, reductions in the stomatal opening improved the water use efficiency of <i>Pinus densiflora</i>. These results indicated that <i>Pinus densiflora</i> could serve as an environmentally friendly option to minimize climate change consequences.
format	article
author	Dong Kook Woo Wonseok Do
author_facet	Dong Kook Woo Wonseok Do
author_sort	Dong Kook Woo
title	The Role of Forests in Climate Change Regarding Carbon, Nitrogen, and Water: A Case Study of <i>Pinus densiflora</i>
title_short	The Role of Forests in Climate Change Regarding Carbon, Nitrogen, and Water: A Case Study of <i>Pinus densiflora</i>
title_full	The Role of Forests in Climate Change Regarding Carbon, Nitrogen, and Water: A Case Study of <i>Pinus densiflora</i>
title_fullStr	The Role of Forests in Climate Change Regarding Carbon, Nitrogen, and Water: A Case Study of <i>Pinus densiflora</i>
title_full_unstemmed	The Role of Forests in Climate Change Regarding Carbon, Nitrogen, and Water: A Case Study of <i>Pinus densiflora</i>
title_sort	role of forests in climate change regarding carbon, nitrogen, and water: a case study of <i>pinus densiflora</i>
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/83a05da212af46428e075ad7701e8b00
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The Role of Forests in Climate Change Regarding Carbon, Nitrogen, and Water: A Case Study of <i>Pinus densiflora</i>

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