Human securities, sustainability, and migration in the ancient U.S. Southwest and Mexican Northwest

In the U.S. Southwest and Mexican Northwest region, arid-lands agriculturalists practiced sedentary agriculture for at least four thousand years. People developed diverse lifeways and a repertoire of successful dryland strategies that resemble those of some small-scale agriculturalists today. A mult...

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Autores principales:	Scott E. Ingram, Shelby M. Patrick
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Resilience Alliance 2021
Materias:	archaeology depopulation human security mexican northwest migration sustainability u.s. southwest Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Ecology QH540-549.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/83c3ead5a94f4619a47a55350ccbc1e2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:83c3ead5a94f4619a47a55350ccbc1e22021-11-15T16:40:18ZHuman securities, sustainability, and migration in the ancient U.S. Southwest and Mexican Northwest1708-308710.5751/ES-12312-260209https://doaj.org/article/83c3ead5a94f4619a47a55350ccbc1e22021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol26/iss2/art9/https://doaj.org/toc/1708-3087In the U.S. Southwest and Mexican Northwest region, arid-lands agriculturalists practiced sedentary agriculture for at least four thousand years. People developed diverse lifeways and a repertoire of successful dryland strategies that resemble those of some small-scale agriculturalists today. A multi-millennial trajectory of variable population growth ended during the early 1300s CE and by the late 1400s population levels in the region declined by about one-half. Here we show, through a meta-analysis of sub-regional archaeological studies, the spatial distribution, intensity, and variation in social and environmental conditions throughout the region prior to depopulation. We also find that as these conditions, identified as human insecurities by the UN Development Programme, worsened, the speed of depopulation increased. Although these conditions have been documented within some sub-regions, the aggregate weight and distribution of these insecurities throughout the Southwest/Northwest region were previously unrecognized. Population decline was not the result of a single disturbance, such as drought, to the regional system; it was a spatially patterned, multi-generational decline in human security. Results support the UN's emphasis on increasing human security as a pathway toward sustainable development and lessening forced migration. Through these results and the approach demonstrated here, we aim to stimulate collaborations between archaeologists and others in service of modern sustainability planning.Scott E. IngramShelby M. PatrickResilience Alliancearticlearchaeologydepopulationhuman securitymexican northwestmigrationsustainabilityu.s. southwestBiology (General)QH301-705.5EcologyQH540-549.5ENEcology and Society, Vol 26, Iss 2, p 9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	archaeology depopulation human security mexican northwest migration sustainability u.s. southwest Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Ecology QH540-549.5
spellingShingle	archaeology depopulation human security mexican northwest migration sustainability u.s. southwest Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Ecology QH540-549.5 Scott E. Ingram Shelby M. Patrick Human securities, sustainability, and migration in the ancient U.S. Southwest and Mexican Northwest
description	In the U.S. Southwest and Mexican Northwest region, arid-lands agriculturalists practiced sedentary agriculture for at least four thousand years. People developed diverse lifeways and a repertoire of successful dryland strategies that resemble those of some small-scale agriculturalists today. A multi-millennial trajectory of variable population growth ended during the early 1300s CE and by the late 1400s population levels in the region declined by about one-half. Here we show, through a meta-analysis of sub-regional archaeological studies, the spatial distribution, intensity, and variation in social and environmental conditions throughout the region prior to depopulation. We also find that as these conditions, identified as human insecurities by the UN Development Programme, worsened, the speed of depopulation increased. Although these conditions have been documented within some sub-regions, the aggregate weight and distribution of these insecurities throughout the Southwest/Northwest region were previously unrecognized. Population decline was not the result of a single disturbance, such as drought, to the regional system; it was a spatially patterned, multi-generational decline in human security. Results support the UN's emphasis on increasing human security as a pathway toward sustainable development and lessening forced migration. Through these results and the approach demonstrated here, we aim to stimulate collaborations between archaeologists and others in service of modern sustainability planning.
format	article
author	Scott E. Ingram Shelby M. Patrick
author_facet	Scott E. Ingram Shelby M. Patrick
author_sort	Scott E. Ingram
title	Human securities, sustainability, and migration in the ancient U.S. Southwest and Mexican Northwest
title_short	Human securities, sustainability, and migration in the ancient U.S. Southwest and Mexican Northwest
title_full	Human securities, sustainability, and migration in the ancient U.S. Southwest and Mexican Northwest
title_fullStr	Human securities, sustainability, and migration in the ancient U.S. Southwest and Mexican Northwest
title_full_unstemmed	Human securities, sustainability, and migration in the ancient U.S. Southwest and Mexican Northwest
title_sort	human securities, sustainability, and migration in the ancient u.s. southwest and mexican northwest
publisher	Resilience Alliance
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/83c3ead5a94f4619a47a55350ccbc1e2
work_keys_str_mv	AT scotteingram humansecuritiessustainabilityandmigrationintheancientussouthwestandmexicannorthwest AT shelbympatrick humansecuritiessustainabilityandmigrationintheancientussouthwestandmexicannorthwest
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Human securities, sustainability, and migration in the ancient U.S. Southwest and Mexican Northwest

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