Real-time measurement of intraocular pressure variation during automatic intravitreal injections: An ex-vivo experimental study using porcine eyes.

<h4>Purpose</h4>To measure needle insertion force and change in intraocular pressure (IOP) in real-time during intravitreal injection (IVI). The effects of needle size, insertion speed, and injection rate to IOP change were investigated.<h4>Methods</h4>Needle insertion and fl...

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Autores principales:	Ikjong Park, Han Sang Park, Hong Kyun Kim, Wan Kyun Chung, Keehoon Kim
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/840815a875c940fe95b2ac5f9f17e4cc
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:840815a875c940fe95b2ac5f9f17e4cc2021-12-02T20:19:32ZReal-time measurement of intraocular pressure variation during automatic intravitreal injections: An ex-vivo experimental study using porcine eyes.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0256344https://doaj.org/article/840815a875c940fe95b2ac5f9f17e4cc2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256344https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Purpose</h4>To measure needle insertion force and change in intraocular pressure (IOP) in real-time during intravitreal injection (IVI). The effects of needle size, insertion speed, and injection rate to IOP change were investigated.<h4>Methods</h4>Needle insertion and fluid injection were performed on 90 porcine eyeballs using an automatic IVI device. The IVI conditions were divided according to needle sizes of 27-gauge (G), 30G, and 33G; insertion speeds of 1, 2, and 5 mm/s; and injection rates of 0.01, 0.02, and 0.05 mL/s. Insertion force and IOP were measured in real-time using a force sensor and a pressure transducer.<h4>Results</h4>The peak IOP was observed when the needle penetrated the sclera; the average IOP elevation was 96.3, 67.1, and 59.4 mmHg for 27G, 30G, and 33G needles, respectively. An increase in insertion speed caused IOP elevation at the moment of penetration, but this effect was reduced as needle size decreased: 109.8-85.9 mmHg in 27G for 5-1 mm/s (p = 0.0149) and 61.8-60.7 mmHg in 33G for 5-1 mm/s (p = 0.8979). Injection speed was also related to IOP elevation during the stage of drug injection: 16.65 and 11.78 mmHg for injection rates of 0.05 and 0.01 mL/s (p < 0.001).<h4>Conclusion</h4>The presented data offers an understanding of IOP changes during each step of IVI. Slow needle insertion can reduce IOP elevation when using a 27G needle. Further, the injection rate must be kept low to avoid IOP elevations during the injection stage.Ikjong ParkHan Sang ParkHong Kyun KimWan Kyun ChungKeehoon KimPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 8, p e0256344 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Ikjong Park Han Sang Park Hong Kyun Kim Wan Kyun Chung Keehoon Kim Real-time measurement of intraocular pressure variation during automatic intravitreal injections: An ex-vivo experimental study using porcine eyes.
description	<h4>Purpose</h4>To measure needle insertion force and change in intraocular pressure (IOP) in real-time during intravitreal injection (IVI). The effects of needle size, insertion speed, and injection rate to IOP change were investigated.<h4>Methods</h4>Needle insertion and fluid injection were performed on 90 porcine eyeballs using an automatic IVI device. The IVI conditions were divided according to needle sizes of 27-gauge (G), 30G, and 33G; insertion speeds of 1, 2, and 5 mm/s; and injection rates of 0.01, 0.02, and 0.05 mL/s. Insertion force and IOP were measured in real-time using a force sensor and a pressure transducer.<h4>Results</h4>The peak IOP was observed when the needle penetrated the sclera; the average IOP elevation was 96.3, 67.1, and 59.4 mmHg for 27G, 30G, and 33G needles, respectively. An increase in insertion speed caused IOP elevation at the moment of penetration, but this effect was reduced as needle size decreased: 109.8-85.9 mmHg in 27G for 5-1 mm/s (p = 0.0149) and 61.8-60.7 mmHg in 33G for 5-1 mm/s (p = 0.8979). Injection speed was also related to IOP elevation during the stage of drug injection: 16.65 and 11.78 mmHg for injection rates of 0.05 and 0.01 mL/s (p < 0.001).<h4>Conclusion</h4>The presented data offers an understanding of IOP changes during each step of IVI. Slow needle insertion can reduce IOP elevation when using a 27G needle. Further, the injection rate must be kept low to avoid IOP elevations during the injection stage.
format	article
author	Ikjong Park Han Sang Park Hong Kyun Kim Wan Kyun Chung Keehoon Kim
author_facet	Ikjong Park Han Sang Park Hong Kyun Kim Wan Kyun Chung Keehoon Kim
author_sort	Ikjong Park
title	Real-time measurement of intraocular pressure variation during automatic intravitreal injections: An ex-vivo experimental study using porcine eyes.
title_short	Real-time measurement of intraocular pressure variation during automatic intravitreal injections: An ex-vivo experimental study using porcine eyes.
title_full	Real-time measurement of intraocular pressure variation during automatic intravitreal injections: An ex-vivo experimental study using porcine eyes.
title_fullStr	Real-time measurement of intraocular pressure variation during automatic intravitreal injections: An ex-vivo experimental study using porcine eyes.
title_full_unstemmed	Real-time measurement of intraocular pressure variation during automatic intravitreal injections: An ex-vivo experimental study using porcine eyes.
title_sort	real-time measurement of intraocular pressure variation during automatic intravitreal injections: an ex-vivo experimental study using porcine eyes.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/840815a875c940fe95b2ac5f9f17e4cc
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Real-time measurement of intraocular pressure variation during automatic intravitreal injections: An ex-vivo experimental study using porcine eyes.

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