Preservative toxicity in glaucoma medication: clinical evaluation of benzalkonium chloride-free 0.5% timolol eye drops

Lauren M Rosin,1 Nicholas P Bell1,2 1Ruiz Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, 2Robert Cizik Eye Clinic, Houston, TX, USA Abstract: Timolol (generic name) is a frequently used medication for the control of glaucoma. Benzalkonium chloride...

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Autores principales:	Rosin LM, Bell NP
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2013
Materias:	Ophthalmology RE1-994
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/842972d0e6a644aabb9ab27507c728e5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:842972d0e6a644aabb9ab27507c728e52021-12-02T03:44:39ZPreservative toxicity in glaucoma medication: clinical evaluation of benzalkonium chloride-free 0.5% timolol eye drops1177-54671177-5483https://doaj.org/article/842972d0e6a644aabb9ab27507c728e52013-10-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/preservative-toxicity-in-glaucoma-medication-clinical-evaluation-of-be-a14825https://doaj.org/toc/1177-5467https://doaj.org/toc/1177-5483Lauren M Rosin,1 Nicholas P Bell1,2 1Ruiz Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, 2Robert Cizik Eye Clinic, Houston, TX, USA Abstract: Timolol (generic name) is a frequently used medication for the control of glaucoma. Benzalkonium chloride (BAK) is a commonly used preservative in ophthalmic solutions with a broad range of antimicrobial activity; however, this nonspecificity can result in toxicity. Adverse effects attributed to BAK, including conjunctival inflammation and fibrosis, tear film instability, corneal cytotoxicity, anterior chamber inflammation, trabecular meshwork cell apoptosis, cataract development, macular edema, and even systemic effects, have been well documented. These effects can lead to ocular discomfort, poor intraocular pressure control, glaucoma surgery failure, and decreased patient compliance. BAK use in topical medications has decreased recently as newer and less toxic preservatives have become available. Yet these preservatives still exert some toxic effects, especially in patients with chronic eye disease who use multiple drops over extended periods of time. Thus, attempts to reduce overall preservative loads for patients are important, whether it be decreasing the amount of preservative, decreasing the total number of drops patients use, or eliminating preservatives entirely. A preservative-free formulation of timolol, TIMOPTIC® in OCUDOSE®, is available in unit-dose vials. Preservative-free unit-dose vials minimize toxic adverse effects and are a good option for patients with ocular surface disease, on long-term multidrop therapy, or who simply do not tolerate the effects of preservatives due to discomfort. Keywords: glaucoma, ocular toxicity, benzalkonium chloride, preservative-free timololRosin LMBell NPDove Medical PressarticleOphthalmologyRE1-994ENClinical Ophthalmology, Vol 2013, Iss default, Pp 2131-2135 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Ophthalmology RE1-994
spellingShingle	Ophthalmology RE1-994 Rosin LM Bell NP Preservative toxicity in glaucoma medication: clinical evaluation of benzalkonium chloride-free 0.5% timolol eye drops
description	Lauren M Rosin,1 Nicholas P Bell1,2 1Ruiz Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, 2Robert Cizik Eye Clinic, Houston, TX, USA Abstract: Timolol (generic name) is a frequently used medication for the control of glaucoma. Benzalkonium chloride (BAK) is a commonly used preservative in ophthalmic solutions with a broad range of antimicrobial activity; however, this nonspecificity can result in toxicity. Adverse effects attributed to BAK, including conjunctival inflammation and fibrosis, tear film instability, corneal cytotoxicity, anterior chamber inflammation, trabecular meshwork cell apoptosis, cataract development, macular edema, and even systemic effects, have been well documented. These effects can lead to ocular discomfort, poor intraocular pressure control, glaucoma surgery failure, and decreased patient compliance. BAK use in topical medications has decreased recently as newer and less toxic preservatives have become available. Yet these preservatives still exert some toxic effects, especially in patients with chronic eye disease who use multiple drops over extended periods of time. Thus, attempts to reduce overall preservative loads for patients are important, whether it be decreasing the amount of preservative, decreasing the total number of drops patients use, or eliminating preservatives entirely. A preservative-free formulation of timolol, TIMOPTIC® in OCUDOSE®, is available in unit-dose vials. Preservative-free unit-dose vials minimize toxic adverse effects and are a good option for patients with ocular surface disease, on long-term multidrop therapy, or who simply do not tolerate the effects of preservatives due to discomfort. Keywords: glaucoma, ocular toxicity, benzalkonium chloride, preservative-free timolol
format	article
author	Rosin LM Bell NP
author_facet	Rosin LM Bell NP
author_sort	Rosin LM
title	Preservative toxicity in glaucoma medication: clinical evaluation of benzalkonium chloride-free 0.5% timolol eye drops
title_short	Preservative toxicity in glaucoma medication: clinical evaluation of benzalkonium chloride-free 0.5% timolol eye drops
title_full	Preservative toxicity in glaucoma medication: clinical evaluation of benzalkonium chloride-free 0.5% timolol eye drops
title_fullStr	Preservative toxicity in glaucoma medication: clinical evaluation of benzalkonium chloride-free 0.5% timolol eye drops
title_full_unstemmed	Preservative toxicity in glaucoma medication: clinical evaluation of benzalkonium chloride-free 0.5% timolol eye drops
title_sort	preservative toxicity in glaucoma medication: clinical evaluation of benzalkonium chloride-free 0.5% timolol eye drops
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/842972d0e6a644aabb9ab27507c728e5
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Preservative toxicity in glaucoma medication: clinical evaluation of benzalkonium chloride-free 0.5% timolol eye drops

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