Fabrication of functionally graded rods with three cylindrical layers made by spark plasma extrusion (SPE) process and characteristics of each layer

Functionally graded (FG) rods with three layers in the radial direction were fabricated by a spark plasma extrusion (SPE) process. The FG rods consisted of a pure Ti compact in the center, a 15TiB/Ti composite layer in the middle, and a 25TiC/Ti composite layer on the outside. Extrusion was carried...

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Autores principales:	Hiroshi IZUI, Keisuke KANAZAWA, Takuto WATANABE, Hideki SHIODA, Koichiro ABE
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers 2020
Materias:	functionally graded (fg) rod titanium matrix composites tib tic spark plasma extrusion (spe) process microstructure tensile properties Mechanical engineering and machinery TJ1-1570
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8440fb9f60a64d1ebed955ff7efee134
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8440fb9f60a64d1ebed955ff7efee1342021-11-29T06:01:25ZFabrication of functionally graded rods with three cylindrical layers made by spark plasma extrusion (SPE) process and characteristics of each layer2187-974510.1299/mej.20-00071https://doaj.org/article/8440fb9f60a64d1ebed955ff7efee1342020-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/mej/7/5/7_20-00071/_pdf/-char/enhttps://doaj.org/toc/2187-9745Functionally graded (FG) rods with three layers in the radial direction were fabricated by a spark plasma extrusion (SPE) process. The FG rods consisted of a pure Ti compact in the center, a 15TiB/Ti composite layer in the middle, and a 25TiC/Ti composite layer on the outside. Extrusion was carried out at a temperature of 1000 °C, at a pressure of 50 MPa with extrusion ratios (cross-sectional area before extrusion/cross-sectional area after extrusion) of 2.3 (from di = 15 mm to do = 10 mm) and 3.5 (from di = 15 mm to do = 8 mm). An FG rod with a length of over 40 mm and a high relative density could be obtained by the SPE process. The cross-sectional area ratio of the pure Ti layer after extrusion significantly decreased compared to the 15TiB/Ti and 25TiC/Ti composite layers due to the higher ductility of the pure Ti. On the contrary, the cross-sectional area ratio of the 25TiC/Ti composite layer increased after the extrusion, because the 25TiC/Ti composite layer had quite low ductility. Due to the sufficient material flow during the extrusion, the TiC particles in the 25TiC/Ti composite layer of the FG rod were uniformly distributed along the extrusion direction. Furthermore, during the SPE process, the TiB clusters in the TiB/Ti composite layer were transformed into TiB whiskers, and the TiB whiskers were mainly oriented parallel to the extrusion direction. The tensile strength of the TiB/Ti composite layer fabricated by the SPE process improved due to the transformation of the TiB whiskers and their orientation along the extrusion direction.Hiroshi IZUIKeisuke KANAZAWATakuto WATANABEHideki SHIODAKoichiro ABEThe Japan Society of Mechanical Engineersarticlefunctionally graded (fg) rodtitanium matrix compositestibticspark plasma extrusion (spe) processmicrostructuretensile propertiesMechanical engineering and machineryTJ1-1570ENMechanical Engineering Journal, Vol 7, Iss 5, Pp 20-00071-20-00071 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	functionally graded (fg) rod titanium matrix composites tib tic spark plasma extrusion (spe) process microstructure tensile properties Mechanical engineering and machinery TJ1-1570
spellingShingle	functionally graded (fg) rod titanium matrix composites tib tic spark plasma extrusion (spe) process microstructure tensile properties Mechanical engineering and machinery TJ1-1570 Hiroshi IZUI Keisuke KANAZAWA Takuto WATANABE Hideki SHIODA Koichiro ABE Fabrication of functionally graded rods with three cylindrical layers made by spark plasma extrusion (SPE) process and characteristics of each layer
description	Functionally graded (FG) rods with three layers in the radial direction were fabricated by a spark plasma extrusion (SPE) process. The FG rods consisted of a pure Ti compact in the center, a 15TiB/Ti composite layer in the middle, and a 25TiC/Ti composite layer on the outside. Extrusion was carried out at a temperature of 1000 °C, at a pressure of 50 MPa with extrusion ratios (cross-sectional area before extrusion/cross-sectional area after extrusion) of 2.3 (from di = 15 mm to do = 10 mm) and 3.5 (from di = 15 mm to do = 8 mm). An FG rod with a length of over 40 mm and a high relative density could be obtained by the SPE process. The cross-sectional area ratio of the pure Ti layer after extrusion significantly decreased compared to the 15TiB/Ti and 25TiC/Ti composite layers due to the higher ductility of the pure Ti. On the contrary, the cross-sectional area ratio of the 25TiC/Ti composite layer increased after the extrusion, because the 25TiC/Ti composite layer had quite low ductility. Due to the sufficient material flow during the extrusion, the TiC particles in the 25TiC/Ti composite layer of the FG rod were uniformly distributed along the extrusion direction. Furthermore, during the SPE process, the TiB clusters in the TiB/Ti composite layer were transformed into TiB whiskers, and the TiB whiskers were mainly oriented parallel to the extrusion direction. The tensile strength of the TiB/Ti composite layer fabricated by the SPE process improved due to the transformation of the TiB whiskers and their orientation along the extrusion direction.
format	article
author	Hiroshi IZUI Keisuke KANAZAWA Takuto WATANABE Hideki SHIODA Koichiro ABE
author_facet	Hiroshi IZUI Keisuke KANAZAWA Takuto WATANABE Hideki SHIODA Koichiro ABE
author_sort	Hiroshi IZUI
title	Fabrication of functionally graded rods with three cylindrical layers made by spark plasma extrusion (SPE) process and characteristics of each layer
title_short	Fabrication of functionally graded rods with three cylindrical layers made by spark plasma extrusion (SPE) process and characteristics of each layer
title_full	Fabrication of functionally graded rods with three cylindrical layers made by spark plasma extrusion (SPE) process and characteristics of each layer
title_fullStr	Fabrication of functionally graded rods with three cylindrical layers made by spark plasma extrusion (SPE) process and characteristics of each layer
title_full_unstemmed	Fabrication of functionally graded rods with three cylindrical layers made by spark plasma extrusion (SPE) process and characteristics of each layer
title_sort	fabrication of functionally graded rods with three cylindrical layers made by spark plasma extrusion (spe) process and characteristics of each layer
publisher	The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/8440fb9f60a64d1ebed955ff7efee134
work_keys_str_mv	AT hiroshiizui fabricationoffunctionallygradedrodswiththreecylindricallayersmadebysparkplasmaextrusionspeprocessandcharacteristicsofeachlayer AT keisukekanazawa fabricationoffunctionallygradedrodswiththreecylindricallayersmadebysparkplasmaextrusionspeprocessandcharacteristicsofeachlayer AT takutowatanabe fabricationoffunctionallygradedrodswiththreecylindricallayersmadebysparkplasmaextrusionspeprocessandcharacteristicsofeachlayer AT hidekishioda fabricationoffunctionallygradedrodswiththreecylindricallayersmadebysparkplasmaextrusionspeprocessandcharacteristicsofeachlayer AT koichiroabe fabricationoffunctionallygradedrodswiththreecylindricallayersmadebysparkplasmaextrusionspeprocessandcharacteristicsofeachlayer
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Fabrication of functionally graded rods with three cylindrical layers made by spark plasma extrusion (SPE) process and characteristics of each layer

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