$Long-Range Dependence and Multifractality of Ship Flow Sequences in Container Ports: A Comparison of Shanghai, Singapore, and Rotterdam$
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Long-Range Dependence and Multifractality of Ship Flow Sequences in Container Ports: A Comparison of Shanghai, Singapore, and Rotterdam

The prediction of ship traffic flow is an important fundamental preparation for layout and design of ports as well as management of ship navigation. However, until now, the temporal characteristics and accurate prediction of ship flow sequence in port are rarely studied. Therefore, in this study, we...

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Autores principales:	Chan-Juan Liu, Jinran Wu, Harshanie Lakshika Jayetileke, Zhi-Hua Hu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	container ship traffic flow volatility generalized Hurst exponents long-range dependence multifractality Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8454ee396e5244f8ab47594c430bb336
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8454ee396e5244f8ab47594c430bb3362021-11-11T15:23:52ZLong-Range Dependence and Multifractality of Ship Flow Sequences in Container Ports: A Comparison of Shanghai, Singapore, and Rotterdam10.3390/app1121103782076-3417https://doaj.org/article/8454ee396e5244f8ab47594c430bb3362021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/21/10378https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3417The prediction of ship traffic flow is an important fundamental preparation for layout and design of ports as well as management of ship navigation. However, until now, the temporal characteristics and accurate prediction of ship flow sequence in port are rarely studied. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the presence of long-range dependence in container ship flow sequences using the Multifractal Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (MF-DFA). We considered three representative container ports in the world—including Shanghai, Singapore, and Rotterdam container ports—as the study sample, from 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2017. Empirical results suggested that the ship flow sequences are deviated from normal distribution, and the sequences with different time scales exhibited varying degrees of long-range dependence. Furthermore, the ship flow sequences possessed a multifractal nature, where the larger the time scale of ship flow time series, the stronger the multifractal characteristics are. The weekly ship flow sequence in the port of Singapore owned the highest degree of multifractality. Furthermore, the multifractality presented in the ship flow sequences of container ports are due to the correlation properties as well as the probability density function of the ship flow sequences. The study outlines the importance of adopting these features for an accurate modeling and prediction for maritime ship flow series.Chan-Juan LiuJinran WuHarshanie Lakshika JayetilekeZhi-Hua HuMDPI AGarticlecontainer ship traffic flowvolatilitygeneralized Hurst exponentslong-range dependencemultifractalityTechnologyTEngineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040Biology (General)QH301-705.5PhysicsQC1-999ChemistryQD1-999ENApplied Sciences, Vol 11, Iss 10378, p 10378 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	container ship traffic flow volatility generalized Hurst exponents long-range dependence multifractality Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	container ship traffic flow volatility generalized Hurst exponents long-range dependence multifractality Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 Chan-Juan Liu Jinran Wu Harshanie Lakshika Jayetileke Zhi-Hua Hu Long-Range Dependence and Multifractality of Ship Flow Sequences in Container Ports: A Comparison of Shanghai, Singapore, and Rotterdam
description	The prediction of ship traffic flow is an important fundamental preparation for layout and design of ports as well as management of ship navigation. However, until now, the temporal characteristics and accurate prediction of ship flow sequence in port are rarely studied. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the presence of long-range dependence in container ship flow sequences using the Multifractal Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (MF-DFA). We considered three representative container ports in the world—including Shanghai, Singapore, and Rotterdam container ports—as the study sample, from 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2017. Empirical results suggested that the ship flow sequences are deviated from normal distribution, and the sequences with different time scales exhibited varying degrees of long-range dependence. Furthermore, the ship flow sequences possessed a multifractal nature, where the larger the time scale of ship flow time series, the stronger the multifractal characteristics are. The weekly ship flow sequence in the port of Singapore owned the highest degree of multifractality. Furthermore, the multifractality presented in the ship flow sequences of container ports are due to the correlation properties as well as the probability density function of the ship flow sequences. The study outlines the importance of adopting these features for an accurate modeling and prediction for maritime ship flow series.
format	article
author	Chan-Juan Liu Jinran Wu Harshanie Lakshika Jayetileke Zhi-Hua Hu
author_facet	Chan-Juan Liu Jinran Wu Harshanie Lakshika Jayetileke Zhi-Hua Hu
author_sort	Chan-Juan Liu
title	Long-Range Dependence and Multifractality of Ship Flow Sequences in Container Ports: A Comparison of Shanghai, Singapore, and Rotterdam
title_short	Long-Range Dependence and Multifractality of Ship Flow Sequences in Container Ports: A Comparison of Shanghai, Singapore, and Rotterdam
title_full	Long-Range Dependence and Multifractality of Ship Flow Sequences in Container Ports: A Comparison of Shanghai, Singapore, and Rotterdam
title_fullStr	Long-Range Dependence and Multifractality of Ship Flow Sequences in Container Ports: A Comparison of Shanghai, Singapore, and Rotterdam
title_full_unstemmed	Long-Range Dependence and Multifractality of Ship Flow Sequences in Container Ports: A Comparison of Shanghai, Singapore, and Rotterdam
title_sort	long-range dependence and multifractality of ship flow sequences in container ports: a comparison of shanghai, singapore, and rotterdam
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8454ee396e5244f8ab47594c430bb336
work_keys_str_mv	AT chanjuanliu longrangedependenceandmultifractalityofshipflowsequencesincontainerportsacomparisonofshanghaisingaporeandrotterdam AT jinranwu longrangedependenceandmultifractalityofshipflowsequencesincontainerportsacomparisonofshanghaisingaporeandrotterdam AT harshanielakshikajayetileke longrangedependenceandmultifractalityofshipflowsequencesincontainerportsacomparisonofshanghaisingaporeandrotterdam AT zhihuahu longrangedependenceandmultifractalityofshipflowsequencesincontainerportsacomparisonofshanghaisingaporeandrotterdam
_version_	1718435375646507008

Long-Range Dependence and Multifractality of Ship Flow Sequences in Container Ports: A Comparison of Shanghai, Singapore, and Rotterdam

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