New insights on interpersonal violence in the Late Pleistocene based on the Nile valley cemetery of Jebel Sahaba

Abstract The remains of 61 individuals buried in the cemetery of Jebel Sahaba (site 117) offer unique and substantial evidence to the emergence of violence in the Nile Valley at the end of the Late Pleistocene. Excavated and assessed in the 1960s, some of the original findings and interpretations ar...

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Autores principales:	Isabelle Crevecoeur, Marie-Hélène Dias-Meirinho, Antoine Zazzo, Daniel Antoine, François Bon
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/847fae4545ce4c20b097c22b0bc80d8a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:847fae4545ce4c20b097c22b0bc80d8a2021-12-02T14:49:25ZNew insights on interpersonal violence in the Late Pleistocene based on the Nile valley cemetery of Jebel Sahaba10.1038/s41598-021-89386-y2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/847fae4545ce4c20b097c22b0bc80d8a2021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89386-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The remains of 61 individuals buried in the cemetery of Jebel Sahaba (site 117) offer unique and substantial evidence to the emergence of violence in the Nile Valley at the end of the Late Pleistocene. Excavated and assessed in the 1960s, some of the original findings and interpretations are disputed. A full reanalysis of the timing, nature and extent of the violence was conducted through the microscopic characterization of the nature of each osseous lesion, and the reassessment of the archaeological data. Over 100 previously undocumented healed and unhealed lesions were identified on both new and/or previously identified victims, including several embedded lithic artefacts. Most trauma appears to be the result of projectile weapons and new analyses confirm for the first time the repetitive nature of the interpersonal acts of violence. Indeed, a quarter of the skeletons with lesions exhibit both healed and unhealed trauma. We dismiss the hypothesis that Jebel Sahaba reflects a single warfare event, with the new data supporting sporadic and recurrent episodes of inter-personal violence, probably triggered by major climatic and environmental changes. At least 13.4 ka old, Jebel Sahaba is one of the earliest sites displaying interpersonal violence in the world.Isabelle CrevecoeurMarie-Hélène Dias-MeirinhoAntoine ZazzoDaniel AntoineFrançois BonNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Isabelle Crevecoeur Marie-Hélène Dias-Meirinho Antoine Zazzo Daniel Antoine François Bon New insights on interpersonal violence in the Late Pleistocene based on the Nile valley cemetery of Jebel Sahaba
description	Abstract The remains of 61 individuals buried in the cemetery of Jebel Sahaba (site 117) offer unique and substantial evidence to the emergence of violence in the Nile Valley at the end of the Late Pleistocene. Excavated and assessed in the 1960s, some of the original findings and interpretations are disputed. A full reanalysis of the timing, nature and extent of the violence was conducted through the microscopic characterization of the nature of each osseous lesion, and the reassessment of the archaeological data. Over 100 previously undocumented healed and unhealed lesions were identified on both new and/or previously identified victims, including several embedded lithic artefacts. Most trauma appears to be the result of projectile weapons and new analyses confirm for the first time the repetitive nature of the interpersonal acts of violence. Indeed, a quarter of the skeletons with lesions exhibit both healed and unhealed trauma. We dismiss the hypothesis that Jebel Sahaba reflects a single warfare event, with the new data supporting sporadic and recurrent episodes of inter-personal violence, probably triggered by major climatic and environmental changes. At least 13.4 ka old, Jebel Sahaba is one of the earliest sites displaying interpersonal violence in the world.
format	article
author	Isabelle Crevecoeur Marie-Hélène Dias-Meirinho Antoine Zazzo Daniel Antoine François Bon
author_facet	Isabelle Crevecoeur Marie-Hélène Dias-Meirinho Antoine Zazzo Daniel Antoine François Bon
author_sort	Isabelle Crevecoeur
title	New insights on interpersonal violence in the Late Pleistocene based on the Nile valley cemetery of Jebel Sahaba
title_short	New insights on interpersonal violence in the Late Pleistocene based on the Nile valley cemetery of Jebel Sahaba
title_full	New insights on interpersonal violence in the Late Pleistocene based on the Nile valley cemetery of Jebel Sahaba
title_fullStr	New insights on interpersonal violence in the Late Pleistocene based on the Nile valley cemetery of Jebel Sahaba
title_full_unstemmed	New insights on interpersonal violence in the Late Pleistocene based on the Nile valley cemetery of Jebel Sahaba
title_sort	new insights on interpersonal violence in the late pleistocene based on the nile valley cemetery of jebel sahaba
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/847fae4545ce4c20b097c22b0bc80d8a
work_keys_str_mv	AT isabellecrevecoeur newinsightsoninterpersonalviolenceinthelatepleistocenebasedonthenilevalleycemeteryofjebelsahaba AT mariehelenediasmeirinho newinsightsoninterpersonalviolenceinthelatepleistocenebasedonthenilevalleycemeteryofjebelsahaba AT antoinezazzo newinsightsoninterpersonalviolenceinthelatepleistocenebasedonthenilevalleycemeteryofjebelsahaba AT danielantoine newinsightsoninterpersonalviolenceinthelatepleistocenebasedonthenilevalleycemeteryofjebelsahaba AT francoisbon newinsightsoninterpersonalviolenceinthelatepleistocenebasedonthenilevalleycemeteryofjebelsahaba
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New insights on interpersonal violence in the Late Pleistocene based on the Nile valley cemetery of Jebel Sahaba

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