Influence of Chronic Exposure to Exercise on Heart Rate Variability in Children and Adolescents Affected by Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: Sedentary lifestyles are increasingly common amongst children, and insufficient physical activity is a global epidemic estimated to contribute to future incapacities and potential deaths. Objective: We aimed to increase the amount of evidence concerning the effect of chronic exposure to...

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Autores principales:	Rodrigo M. Dias, Íbis A. P. Moraes, Maria T. A. P. Dantas, Deborah C. G. L. Fernani, Anne M. G. G. Fontes, Ana C. Silveira, Viviani Barnabé, Marcelo Fernandes, Patrícia M. Martinelli, Carlos B. M. Monteiro, David M. Garner, Luiz C. Abreu, Talita D. Silva
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	exercise obesity autonomic nervous system heart rate physical fitness disease prevention Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/847faf3a90ab4e90bf090125733526cd
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:847faf3a90ab4e90bf090125733526cd2021-11-11T16:12:59ZInfluence of Chronic Exposure to Exercise on Heart Rate Variability in Children and Adolescents Affected by Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis10.3390/ijerph1821110651660-46011661-7827https://doaj.org/article/847faf3a90ab4e90bf090125733526cd2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/21/11065https://doaj.org/toc/1661-7827https://doaj.org/toc/1660-4601Background: Sedentary lifestyles are increasingly common amongst children, and insufficient physical activity is a global epidemic estimated to contribute to future incapacities and potential deaths. Objective: We aimed to increase the amount of evidence concerning the effect of chronic exposure to exercise on heart rate variability in children and adolescents affected by obesity. Methods: A systematic review commenced following the PRISMA guidelines developed by Web of Science, Virtual Health Library, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Ovid, Medline Complete, and Scopus using keywords obtained from the Descriptors in Health Sciences and Medical Subject Headlines (MeSH) terms. We considered (1) Population: Pediatric individuals affected by obesity; (2) Intervention: Exercise; (3) Control: Pre-intervention and sedentary; (4) Outcomes: Clearly presented primary parameters; and (5) Studies: Clinical trials, case controls, case reports, and case series. Results: 11 articles were involved and predominantly included procedures observed during approximately 12 weeks with a distribution of three sessions per week, each session being 30–60 min of aerobic exercise; additionally, the exercise grades were typically completed at a percentage of subjects’ maximum heart rates. The meta-analyses displayed a significant effect on the domains of time (R-R interval, SDNN, rMSSD), frequency (HF ms<sup>2</sup>, HF (n.u.), LF/HF), and the non-linear index (SD1). Conclusions: Chronic exposure to exercise influences heart rate variability in children and adolescents affected by obesity by elevating the variability and parasympathetic activity and improving the sympathetic-vagal balance. Exercises should be recommended for the improvement of cardiac autonomic modulation to prevent the likelihood of further chronic diseases.Rodrigo M. DiasÍbis A. P. MoraesMaria T. A. P. DantasDeborah C. G. L. FernaniAnne M. G. G. FontesAna C. SilveiraViviani BarnabéMarcelo FernandesPatrícia M. MartinelliCarlos B. M. MonteiroDavid M. GarnerLuiz C. AbreuTalita D. SilvaMDPI AGarticleexerciseobesityautonomic nervous systemheart ratephysical fitnessdisease preventionMedicineRENInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 11065, p 11065 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	exercise obesity autonomic nervous system heart rate physical fitness disease prevention Medicine R
spellingShingle	exercise obesity autonomic nervous system heart rate physical fitness disease prevention Medicine R Rodrigo M. Dias Íbis A. P. Moraes Maria T. A. P. Dantas Deborah C. G. L. Fernani Anne M. G. G. Fontes Ana C. Silveira Viviani Barnabé Marcelo Fernandes Patrícia M. Martinelli Carlos B. M. Monteiro David M. Garner Luiz C. Abreu Talita D. Silva Influence of Chronic Exposure to Exercise on Heart Rate Variability in Children and Adolescents Affected by Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
description	Background: Sedentary lifestyles are increasingly common amongst children, and insufficient physical activity is a global epidemic estimated to contribute to future incapacities and potential deaths. Objective: We aimed to increase the amount of evidence concerning the effect of chronic exposure to exercise on heart rate variability in children and adolescents affected by obesity. Methods: A systematic review commenced following the PRISMA guidelines developed by Web of Science, Virtual Health Library, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Ovid, Medline Complete, and Scopus using keywords obtained from the Descriptors in Health Sciences and Medical Subject Headlines (MeSH) terms. We considered (1) Population: Pediatric individuals affected by obesity; (2) Intervention: Exercise; (3) Control: Pre-intervention and sedentary; (4) Outcomes: Clearly presented primary parameters; and (5) Studies: Clinical trials, case controls, case reports, and case series. Results: 11 articles were involved and predominantly included procedures observed during approximately 12 weeks with a distribution of three sessions per week, each session being 30–60 min of aerobic exercise; additionally, the exercise grades were typically completed at a percentage of subjects’ maximum heart rates. The meta-analyses displayed a significant effect on the domains of time (R-R interval, SDNN, rMSSD), frequency (HF ms<sup>2</sup>, HF (n.u.), LF/HF), and the non-linear index (SD1). Conclusions: Chronic exposure to exercise influences heart rate variability in children and adolescents affected by obesity by elevating the variability and parasympathetic activity and improving the sympathetic-vagal balance. Exercises should be recommended for the improvement of cardiac autonomic modulation to prevent the likelihood of further chronic diseases.
format	article
author	Rodrigo M. Dias Íbis A. P. Moraes Maria T. A. P. Dantas Deborah C. G. L. Fernani Anne M. G. G. Fontes Ana C. Silveira Viviani Barnabé Marcelo Fernandes Patrícia M. Martinelli Carlos B. M. Monteiro David M. Garner Luiz C. Abreu Talita D. Silva
author_facet	Rodrigo M. Dias Íbis A. P. Moraes Maria T. A. P. Dantas Deborah C. G. L. Fernani Anne M. G. G. Fontes Ana C. Silveira Viviani Barnabé Marcelo Fernandes Patrícia M. Martinelli Carlos B. M. Monteiro David M. Garner Luiz C. Abreu Talita D. Silva
author_sort	Rodrigo M. Dias
title	Influence of Chronic Exposure to Exercise on Heart Rate Variability in Children and Adolescents Affected by Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_short	Influence of Chronic Exposure to Exercise on Heart Rate Variability in Children and Adolescents Affected by Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_full	Influence of Chronic Exposure to Exercise on Heart Rate Variability in Children and Adolescents Affected by Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_fullStr	Influence of Chronic Exposure to Exercise on Heart Rate Variability in Children and Adolescents Affected by Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_full_unstemmed	Influence of Chronic Exposure to Exercise on Heart Rate Variability in Children and Adolescents Affected by Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_sort	influence of chronic exposure to exercise on heart rate variability in children and adolescents affected by obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/847faf3a90ab4e90bf090125733526cd
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Influence of Chronic Exposure to Exercise on Heart Rate Variability in Children and Adolescents Affected by Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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